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    International History of Nursing 3

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    Sirpa Mhrzn
    Nursing has existed throughout history in various forms across cultures. Modern nursing began in the 19th century led by Florence Nightingale who established nursing practices still used today. She helped reduce mortality rates of British troops in Crimea. This established nursing as a profession and led to the formation of nursing schools and standards. By the 20th century, nursing expanded globally with the establishment of nursing organizations and standards of practice.

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    International History of Nursing 3

    Uploaded by

    Sirpa Mhrzn
    53 views21 pages
    Nursing has existed throughout history in various forms across cultures. Modern nursing began in the 19th century led by Florence Nightingale who established nursing practices still used today. She helped reduce mortality rates of British troops in Crimea. This established nursing as a profession and led to the formation of nursing schools and standards. By the 20th century, nursing expanded globally with the establishment of nursing organizations and standards of practice.

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    INTERNATIONAL HISTORY OF NURSING 3

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    Nursing has existed throughout history in various forms across cultures. Modern nursing began in the 19th century led by Florence Nightingale who established nursing practices still used today. She helped reduce mortality rates of British troops in Crimea. This established nursing as a profession and led to the formation of nursing schools and standards. By the 20th century, nursing expanded globally with the establishment of nursing organizations and standards of practice.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    53 views21 pages

    International History of Nursing 3

    Uploaded by

    Sirpa Mhrzn
    Nursing has existed throughout history in various forms across cultures. Modern nursing began in the 19th century led by Florence Nightingale who established nursing practices still used today. She helped reduce mortality rates of British troops in Crimea. This established nursing as a profession and led to the formation of nursing schools and standards. By the 20th century, nursing expanded globally with the establishment of nursing organizations and standards of practice.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    INTERNATIONAL HISTORY OF

    NURSING

    Presented By:
    Sirapa Maharjan
    INTRODUCTION OF NURSING
    • The word nurse came from the latin word “Nutritious” which
    means nourish, foster and care.

    • In the old days, a nurse was a person who look after sick,
    injured and dying person without any formal knowledge.
    Contd..

    Nursing is a profession within health care sector focused on


    care of individual, families, communities so they may attain,
    maintain or recover optimal health and quality of life.
    INTERNATIONAL HISTORY OF NURSING
    • Nursing as a profession has existed throughout history.
    Nursing comes in various forms in every culture, although
    the definition of term and the practice of nursing have
    changed greatly over time.
    • In former times, a nurse is called as a woman employed to
    suckle (wet nurse) and generally care for a younger child (dry
    nurse).
    Contd..
    • In early period, female are assigned as a nurse to provide care to the
    sick and injured. Earliest nurse learned through oral tradition. They
    also learned how to nurse patient through trial. Earliest nurses used
    plants/ herbs to heal and believed in early spirit.

    • In 3000BC, Egyptian health care system maintain medical record for


    the first time in order to develop plans to maintain peoples health.
    Contd..
    • In ancient Rome, during early Christian era, deaconesses were
    selected by church to provide care for sick.

    • During the period of 1500 AD to 1700 AD, there were few hospital in
    Europe but there was no regular system of nursing. Female
    practitioners cared for neighbors and family but their work was
    unpaid. At the time, rich paid for their sick to be cared at home, while
    poor were cared for free.
    Foundation of Modern Nursing
    • Modern nursing began in the 19th century from Germany and
    Britain. The two influential women in field of nursing were
    Elizabeth Fry and Florence Nightingale.

    • Florence Nightingale, founder of modern nursing studied


    nursing under the direction of Pastor Fliedner in Germany.
    Contd..
    • Nightingale with a group of women travelled to Crimea in
    1854 when the Crimea War broke out to care for sick and
    injured.
    • She discovered the mortality rate of British troops was 41%
    and after her intervention it was decreased to 2%.
    • This work is the foundation for todays evidence based
    nursing practice.
    Contd..
    • The civil war laid the foundation for professional nursing,
    there were no nursing school or trained nurse but thousands
    of women left their families to serve as nurse.

    • In late 19th century, nursing professionalized rapidly. Women


    who had served as nurse during the Civil War realized
    importance of formal nursing education and played vital role
    in establishing the first nurse training school.
    Contd..
    • In 1873, Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing, first school of
    nursing was founded on principle of nursing established by
    Florence Nightingale.

    • In 1881, Clara Barton founded organization now known as


    American Red Cross.
    Contd..
    • Linda Richard was first trained nurse in US graduated in
    early 1870s. She organized school of nursing at
    Massachussetts General Hospital.
    • From Florence Nightingale in Crimea war to the wars of 21 st
    century, nurses have always played vital role.
    • In 1886, first regular training school in India was established
    in Bombay.
    Contd..
    • In 1897, American Nurse Association holds its first meeting in
    February as Association Alumnae of Trained Nurses of US and
    Canada.
    • In 1899, International Council of Nurses was formed .
    • Army school of Nursing was established as World War I broke out and
    marked first emergency training for nurses. World War II marked for
    second time that men as well as women were recruited into nursing.
    Contd..
    • In 1990, Florence Nightingale’s birthday (May 12) was declared
    official Nursing Day in Japan.

    • Coming to 20th century, there was huge fluctuation in supply and


    demand of nurse. Nursing schools opened in Europe, Australia,
    Canada and US.
    Contd..
    • Having trained nurse to care for sick, hospitals became necessity and
    many women entered schools and became nurses with intent of
    acquiring and holding skills for survival.
    References:
    • Pathak, S., Devkota R., (2019) A textbook of fundamentals of
    Nursing, 1st ed. (246-275.), Bhotahity, Kathmandu.
    Vidyarthi Pustak Bhandar.
    • Singh, A., Shrestha, K., (2017), A textbook of fundamentals
    of Nursing, 1st ed. (68-71), Kathmandu. National center for
    Health Professions & education
    • https://www.news-medical.net/health/History-of-
    Nursing.aspx

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