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Present Perfect (Explanation)

1. The document discusses changes that have occurred over time and uses the present perfect tense to do so. 2. It asks if someone's hands have changed since junior high school, implying their hands may have grown or developed differently over time. 3. It also asks if someone has cut their hair or if it has grown since an unspecified time in the past, again focusing on changes over an extended period.

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Diana del carmen Perez caudillo
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21 views

Present Perfect (Explanation)

1. The document discusses changes that have occurred over time and uses the present perfect tense to do so. 2. It asks if someone's hands have changed since junior high school, implying their hands may have grown or developed differently over time. 3. It also asks if someone has cut their hair or if it has grown since an unspecified time in the past, again focusing on changes over an extended period.

Uploaded by

Diana del carmen Perez caudillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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d a lo t

Hasn cha n ge
’t she You’ve
?
I’ve cut my hai
r since
then.
Presen
t Perfec
m o re
t
e h a s g o t
H i n c e h i g h
o m e s
hands
o o l . H ave t hey changed
sc h
since junior hi
gh ?
Use
1. Actions which happened at an
indefinite (unknown) time before now

2. Actions in the past which have an eff


ect on the present moment

3. Actions which began in the past and c


ontinue in the present
Use 1: Indefinite time before now

Use the Present Perfect to talk about


actions that happened at some point in
the past. It does not matter when exactly
they happened.

•I have already had a breakfast.
•He has been to England.
Remember

You should not use this tense with time


expressions like yesterday, a week
ago, last year, etc.

•I have seen it yesterday.


•We have gone to Paris last year.
Use 2: Effect on the present moment

We also use this tense to when an activity has an


effect on the present moment.

 He has finished his work. (so he can now rest)


 I have already eaten the dinner. (so I'm not hungry)
 He has had a car accident. (that's why he is in the
hospital)
Use 3: Continuation in the present

We often use the Present Perfect when we want to


emphasize that an event continues in the present.

 Mary has worked as a teacher for over 25 years.


 Patrick has achieved a lot in his life.
Form
To form a sentence in the Present Perfect,
you need:

1.The proper conjugation of the 


auxiliary verb "to have".

2.The Past Participle of your verb.


We conjugate the auxiliary verb "to have" the same
way we would conjugate the normal verb "to have".

Person Singular Plural


First I have We have
Second You have You have
Third He/she/it has They have

As you can see, the third person singular is irregular.


Declarative Sentences
Subject + HAS/HAVE + Verb (past participle form)
e.g. he, she, a dog, etc. e.g. gone, taken, done, etc.

Questions
HAS/HAVE + Subject + Verb (past participle form)?
e.g. he, she, a dog, etc. e.g. gone, taken, done, etc.

Negative Sentences
Subject + HAS NOT / HAVE NOT + Verb (past participle form)
e.g. he, she, a dog, etc. e.g. gone, taken, done, etc.
Present perfect and time expressions

We do not use the present perfect with time expressions such


as ‘last Monday’ '2 weeks ago', or ‘ at 3 o’clock’. If we use
these time expressions, they must be accompanied with the
word ‘since’ (since + time expression).

However, we do use the present perfect regularly, with words


such as ‘nearly’, ‘almost’, ‘already’, ‘just’. Although the
present perfect cannot be used with ‘yesterday’, however,
interestingly, it may be used with the word ‘today’.
Look at these examples. We cannot say the following:
What have you done, yesterday?

We must instead use the past simple:


What did you do yesterday?

However, we can use the word ‘today’ with the present perfect.
So what have you done today?
Today, I’ve finished my English homework, and I’ve finished
supper. (Actions recently completed-it is still today)

As 'yesterday' is over, it has no relevance to the present. However,


'today' is still relevant to ‘now’, the time of speaking.
Changes in situation-then and now
The present perfect can be used to ask about/ or
communicate changes in situation, or circumstances.
Let’s look at some examples:

Hi Mum! Has it stopped raining in London? (Has the


weather changed since I last spoke to you)
No, not yet!

You have grown since the last time I saw you.


FOR + A PERIOD OF TIME

for six years, for a week, for a month, for hours, for two hours
I have worked here for five years.

SINCE + A POINT IN TIME

since this morning, since last week, since yesterday


since I was a child, since Wednesday, since 2 o'clock
I have worked here since 1990.

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