Science 8 PPT W3Q1

SCIENCE 8
September 28, 2021

Week 3 Quarter 1
Prayer
Attendance
L:earning Competencies
• Identify and explain the factors that affect potential

and kinetic energy. (MELC Week 2-3)
Lesson Objectives:
After answering this entire activity sheet, you are expected

to:
a. define potential and kinetic energy;
b. b. differentiate the two;
c. c. identify and explain the factors that affect potential and
kinetic energy; and
d. d. solve problems involving KE and PE.
POTENTIAL AND
KINETIC ENERGY
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. An object from a certain height falls freely. Which of

the following happens to PE and KE when the object is
half on its way down?
A. loses PE and gains KE
B. gains PE and loses KE
C. loses both PE and KE
D. gains both PE and KE
2. How do you compare the PE of the moving object at the highest
point compared to its KE?
A.PE is greater than KE
B. PE is equal to KE
C. PE is lesser than KE
D.KE is greater than PE
3. Which of the following quantities has the greatest influence on the

amount of kinetic energy of a car while traveling on a highway?
A. mass
B. size
C. speed
D. weight
4. Which of the following pair of quantities are the factors that affect
kinetic energy?
A. force and distance
B. mass and height
C. mass and speed
D. time and height
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE about potential

energy?
A. It is dependent on the speed of an object.
B. It does not depend on the mass of the object.
C. It does not depend on the strength of gravity.
D. It is affected by the mass and location of an object with respect
to the ground.
Potential energy
Potential energy is
the energy stored
within an object, due
to the object's position,
arrangement or state.
What is potential energy?
Potential energy is energy that is stored – or conserved - in an
object or substance. This stored energy is based on the
position, arrangement or state of the object or substance.
You can think of it as energy that has the

'potential' to do work. When the position,
arrangement or state of the object
changes, the stored energy will be
released.
What are the different types of potential
energy?
1. Gravitational potential energy
2. Elastic potential energy
Gravitational potential
energy
Gravitational potential
energy is energy in an
object that is held in a
vertical position, due to
the force of gravity
working to pull it down.
The amount of gravitational potential energy
an object has depends on its height and mass.
The heavier the object and the higher it is
above the ground, the more gravitational
potential energy it holds.
Gravitational potential energy increases as
weight and height increases.
Potential Energy Formula
PEgrav = m • g • h
m - represents the mass of the object

h - represents the height of the object
g - represents the gravitational field strength
(9.8 N/kg on Earth) - sometimes referred to as
the acceleration of gravity.
A cart is loaded with a brick and pulled at constant
speed along an inclined plane to the height of a
seat-top. If the mass of the loaded cart is 3.0 kg
and the height of the seat top is 0.45 meters, then
what is the potential energy of the loaded cart at
the height of the seat-top?
ANSWER
PE = m*g*h
m = 3 kg
g = 9.8 m/s/s
h = 0.45 m
PE = (3 kg ) * (9.8 m/s/s) * (0.45 m)
PE = 13.2 J
Elastic potential energy
Elastic potential energy is
energy stored in objects that
can be stretched or
compressed, such as
trampolines, rubber bands
and bungee cords.
The more an object can
stretch, the more elastic
potential energy it has.
PEspring = 0.5 • k • x2
k = spring constant (J)

x = amount of compression (m)
(relative to equilibrium position)
A spring has an extension of 20 cm. Calculate
the elastic potential energy stored in the
spring (k = 100 N/m).
20N
(X
)
A spring has an extension of 20 cm. Calculate
the elastic potential energy stored in the spring
(k = 100 N/m).
PEspring = 0.5 • k • x2
2
Pespring = 0.5 x 100N/m x (0.2m)
Pespring = 2J
Kinetic energy is
the energy of
motion. An object
that has motion -
whether it is
vertical or
horizontal motion
- has kinetic
energy.
The standard metric unit of measurement for
kinetic energy is the Joule. As might be
implied by the above equation, 1 Joule is
equivalent to 1 kg*(m/s)^2.
1 Joule = 1 kg*(m/s)^2.
Forms of kinetic energy
Forms of kinetic energy
1. vibrational -the energy due to vibrational
motion
2. rotational -the energy due to rotational motion
3. translational -the energy due to motion from
one location to another
Kinetic Energy Formula
KE = 0.5 • m • v2
where m = mass of object

v = speed of object
Kinetic energy is a scalar quantity; it does not
have a direction. Unlike velocity, acceleration
, force, and momentum, the kinetic energy of
an object is completely described by
magnitude alone.
EXERCISE
Determine the kinetic energy of a 625-kg
roller coaster car that is moving with a
speed of 18.3 m/s.
ANSWER
KE = 0.5 x m x v2
KE= 0.5 x 625 kg x (18.3 m/s)2
KE=0.5 x 625kg x 334.89m/s
KE= 104,653
KE = 1.05 x105 Joules

105000
Identify whether the objects in the given situations
possess Potential Energy or Kinetic Energy. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Bird flying Kinetic Energy
2. Log in a fireplace Potential Energy
3. Watermelon on a desk Potential Energy
4. Car travelling on the highway Kinetic Energy
5. Car sitting in a driveway Potential Energy
6. Bunch of coconut stick on a table Potential Energy
7. Ball bouncing on the floor Kinetic Energy
8. Child jumping on his bed Kinetic Energy
9. Child sleeping on the crib Potential Energy
10. Marble rolling down the ramp Kinetic Energy
PERFORMANCE TASK # 1 QUARTER
1
A ball bounces on the ground. At
Given the what position (A, B, C ) does the
pictures below, ball have the greatest potential
answer the energy? Kinetic energy? Explain
corresponding your answer.
questions that
follow. Write
your answers Which bird on the wire has
on a separate the more potential energy?
sheet of paper. Prove your answer using the
formula of potential energy.
Rubric for Scoring
POINTS DESCRIPTION
20 Discussion is complete with no misconception
10 Discussion is incomplete with minor
misconception.
0 No discussion
Deadline of submission
is on SEPTEMBER 19,
2023
NO EXTENSION

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SCIENCE 8

September 28, 2021

• Identify and explain the factors that affect potential

After answering this entire activity sheet, you are expected

1. An object from a certain height falls freely. Which of

3. Which of the following quantities has the greatest influence on the

7. Which of the following statements is TRUE about potential

You can think of it as energy that has the

m - represents the mass of the object

k = spring constant (J)

where m = mass of object

KE = 1.05 x105 Joules

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