disast e r r i s k

r e d u c t i o n
and manageme
nt
 Wha t i s D R R M ?
Disaster risk management is the systematic
process of using administrative directives,
organizations, and operational skills and
capacities to implement strategies, policies and
improved coping capacities in order to lessen
the adverse impacts of hazards and the
possibility of disaster.
 i l e o f t h e
h i c P r o f
G e o g r a p s
i l i p p i n e
Ph
• The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is
an archipelagic country in the Southeast Asia
• Population in the Philippines is expected to reach 110.40
million by the end of 2020
• Situated in the Western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about
7,641 islands that are broad categorized under three
maingeographical divisions from north to south: Luzon,
Visayas, and Mindanao
• Physical features of the Philippines include the irregular
configuration archipelago, the coastline of some 22,550 miles
(36,290) , the great extent of mountainous country, the generally
northward trend of the river systems, and the spectacular lakes.
• The archipelago has a total land area of 120,000 sq. miles
(300,000 sq. km) and stretches about 1,150 miles (1,850 km)
from north to south, and its widest east-west extent, at its
southern vase, is some 7,000 miles (1,130 km)
• Luzon is the biggest island group while Visayas is a
melting pot of Spanish, Chinese, and Indo-Malayan
cultures; and Mindanao where Chinese and Muslims are
predominant
• Manila is the capital city and its 2020 population is now
estimated at 13,923,452 million
• Quezon City is the largest and most-populous city with
a population of over 2.9 million this 2020
• The Filipino is basically of Malay stock with a
sprinkling of Chinese, American, Spanish, and Arab
blood and other ethnic minorities
• There are 17 administrative regions, namely:
National Capital Region (NCR); Ilocos Region
(Region I); Cordillera Administrative Region
(CAR); Cagayan Valley (Region II); Central Luzon
(Region III); CALABARZON (Region IV-A); MIMAROPA
(Region IV-B); Bicol Region (Region V); Western Visayas
(Region VI); Central Visayas (Region VII); Eastern
Visayas (Region VIII); Zamboanga Peninsula (Region IX);
Northern Mindanao (Region X); Davao Region
(Region XI); SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII); Caraga Region
(Region XIII); and, Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM)
 D is as te r R is k Pr of il e of
th e P hi li pp in es
• The Philippines is prone to almost all types of natural hazards
because of its geographical location and geotectonic setting
• In addition, the Philippines is situated along the highly-seismic
Pacific Ring of Fire as shown on the picture.
 This is the area where the Philippine Sea and Eurasian
Tectonic Plates meet and is prone to occurences of
earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. In fact
there are 300 volcanoes in the country and 22 are active.
Moreover, the picture presents the
seismicity or frequency of occurrence of
earthquakes, almost all parts of the country
experiences earthquakes. Generally, we
encounter an average of 20 earthquakes a
day, per latest figures from the PHIVOLCS.
Earthquake disasters are not as frequnt as the
typhoons and flooding that take place in the
Philippines.
Overview of the PMDs

The Philippine disaster management system is a

comprehensive framework and set of policies and
procedures established by the Philippine government to
mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from
natural and man-made disasters. The Philippines is a
country prone to various types of disasters, including
typhoons, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods,
landslides, and more.
National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council

• The NDRRMC is the highest policy-making body for disaster

risk reduction and management in the Philippines.
• The NDRRMC is chaired by the Secretary of the Department
of National Defense and composed of representatives from
various government agencies, local government units, and
civil society organizations.
 Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act (RA 10121)
This law, enacted in 2010, provides the legal framewok for
disaster risk reduction and management in the Philippines.

Local Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Councils (LDRRMCs)
At the local level, each province, city, municipality, and barangay (the
smallest administrative unit) has its own LDRRMC responsible for
implementing disaster risk reduction and management programs within
their jurisdiction.
 Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plans (DRRMPs)

Both national and local governments are required to develop

DRRMPs that outline strategies, policies, and programs for
disaster risk reduction and management.

Early Warning Systems

The Philippines has various early warning systems to provide timely

information about approaching disasters such as typhoons,
earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions.
 Community Preparedness

Public awareness and community preparedness are promoted

through information campaigns and drills to educate people on
how to respond to disasters.

International Cooperation

The Philippines collaborates with international organazations,

NGOs, and foreign governments for disaster relief and recovery
efforts, especially during large-scale disasters.
DRRM Concepts, Principles, and
Trends (RA 10121)
DRR decreases disaster risks by systematically
analyzing and managing disaster cause elements,
reducing exposure to hazards, reducing vulnerability of
people and property, prudent land and environmental
management, and improving readiness for adverse
events.
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) is
defined as the systematic process of implementing
strategies, policies, and improved coping capabilities
through administrative directives, organizations, and
operational skills and capacities in order to lessen the
adverse effects of hazards and the possibility of
disaster.
There are four disaster management phases
illustrated here that do not always, or even
generally, occur in isolation or in this precise
order. Often phases of the cycle overlap and
the length of each phase greatly depends on
the severity of the disaster.
• MITIGATION- efforts that remove or lessen the likelihood of disaster
occurrence or the effects of inevitable disasters.
• PREPAREDNESS- these measures can be described as logistical
preparation to cope with disasters, which can be improved by having
reaction processes and procedures, rehearsals, developing a long-term
and short-term strategies, public education, and constructing early
warning systems
• RESPONSE- the goal of emergency response is to provide urgent aid to
keep people alive, enhance their health, and boost their morale
• RECOVERY- As the emergency is contained, the affected
population will be able to engage in a rising number of
activities targeted at rebuilding their lives and the
infrastructure that supports them
 e m e rg e n c y
management cycle
This cycle depicts how the community prepares for a crisis before it occurs. It has
four cyclical phases: prevention-mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery
• Prevention and Mitigation- Inspection of the
physical surroundings is critical in this
section.
• Preparedness- In this phase, the community
develops their own system for command
management
• Response- In this phase, emergency
management plan becomes operational
• Recovery- This is a constantly ongoing
process and is a long-term process
Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management or
“CBDRRM” is a disaster risk reduction and management process in which
vulnerable communities actively participate in disaster risk identification,
analysis, treatment, monitoring and assessment to reduce their
vulnerability and increase their capacity and that people are central to
decision-making and the implementation of disaster risk reduction and
management measures.
The Republic Act 10121 is known as “An Act Strengthening the
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System,
Providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Framework and Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Plan, appropriating funds therefore and for other
purposes.
 Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known as the
“Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act
of 2010
This act provides for the development of policies and plans
and the implementation of actions and measures pertaining
to all aspects of disaster risk reduction and management
including good governance, risk assessment and early
warning , knowledge building and awareness raising,
reducing underlying risk factors, and preparedness for
effective response and early recovery.
Section 2: Declaration of Policy
It shall be the policy of the state to:
• Uphold the people’s constitutional rights to life and
property by addressing the root causes of vulnerabilities
to disasters
• Incorporate internationally accepted principles of
disaster risk management in the creation and
implementation of national, regional and local
sustainable development
• Develop, promote, and implement a comprehensive
National Disaster Risk Reduction Program (NDRRMP)
that aims to strengthen the capacity of the national
government and the Local Government Units (LGUs),
together with partner stakeholders, to build the disaster
resilience of communities
• Mainstream disaster risk reduction and climate change in
development processes such as policy formulation,
socioeconomic development planning, budgeting, and
governance, particularly in the areas of environment,
agriculture, water, energy, health, education, poverty reduction,
land-use and urban planning, and public infrastructure and
housing, among others
• Ensure that disaster risk reduction and climate chage measures
are gender responsive, sensitive to indigenous knowledge
systems, and respectful of human rights
• Recognize and strengthen the capacities of LGUs and
communities in mitigating and preparing for, responding to,
and recovering from the impact of disasters
• Develop and strengthen the capacities of vulnerable and
marginalized groups to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and
recover from the effects of disasters
• Provide maximum care to individuals and families affected by
disaster, implement emergency rehabilitation projects to
lessen the impact of disaster , and facilitate resumption of
normal social and economic activities
Section 4
This Act provides for the development of policies and plans and the
implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all aspects of
disaster risk reduction and management, including good governance,
risk assessment and early warning, knowledge building and awareness
raising, reducing underlying risk factors, and preparedness for effective
response and early recovery.
• Section 12. Local Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Office (LDRRMO)
• Section 13. Accreditation, Mobilization, and
Protection of Disaster Volunteers and National
Service Corps, CSOs and the Private Sector
• Section14. Integration of Disaster Risk Reduction Education
into the School Curricula and Sagguniang Kabataan (SK)
Program and Mandatory Training for the Public Sector
Employees
• Section 20. Penal Clause
• Section 21. Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Fund (LDRRMF)
• Section 22. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Fund
The implementation of RA 10121 has paved way for the
replication of good DRRM practices, and the development
of research-based tools that aimed to help communities to
establish Vice Chairs Chair Departement of National
Defense DILG (Preparedness), DSWD (Response), DOST
(Prevention and Mitigation), NEDA (Rehabilitation and
Recovery)
The following are the primary sources of information and resources
that can be processed:

• Department of Science and Technology (DOST)- provides

leadership and coordination of scientific and technological efforts
PAGASA, PHIVOLCS, Project NOAH
• Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)- tasked
for the preparedness aspect of the disaster reduction education
and trainings, campaigns
3. National Economic Development Authority (NEDA)-
preparation of report, over-all impact of disasters post-
disaster assessment, recovery plan
4. Philippine Information Agency (PIA)- tasked to provide
accurate and timely advice to national or local
organizations and to the public regarding disasters
 o f Yo u t h
o l
R In e
Disaster Preparedness
 r e d n e s s
a s t e r P r epa
D i s
By involving youth in disaster preparedness and
recovery efforts, youth-serving agencies can help not
only increase youths’ awareness of particular hazards
but can also enhance the chance that they openly
discuss how to adequately protect their families and
loved ones and understand how to seek help should
their community be affected.
SHARING THE MESSAGE
Youth can help share the message of disster
prepredness

BRINGING CREATIVITY
Youth can bring creative and resourceful ideas to
disaster preparedness efforts

ACTING AS CHANGE MAKERS

Youth can act as change makers by sharing
information they learned in youth preparedness programs
and helping parents and communities to prepare for
disaster, for example by developing a disaster plan
Basic Disaster Preparedness
and Response Training
Basic First Aid and Life
Support
First Aid skills are the initial
assistance given to someone suffering
from an injury or illness before
professional medical help arrives
First Aid Techniques
• CPR (Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation)
• Stop the Bleed
• Heimlich Maneuver
• Recovery Position
• Treating Burns, Fractures,
and Sprains
 First Aid Kit Essentials
• Adhesive Bandages (various sizes)
• Sterile Gauze Pads
• Adhesive Tapes
• Antiseptic Wipes or Solution
• Scissors and tweezers
• Disposable Gloves
• CPR Face Shield or Mask
• Pain Relievers (e.g., ibufpropen or aspririn
• Antihistamines (for allergies)
• Elastic Bandage (for sprains)
• Thermometer
• First Aid Manual or Instructions
• Burn Cream or Gel
• Eye Wash or Saline Solution
• Medical Adhesive Tape
• Disposable Instant Hand Warmers
• Emergency Blanket
• Safety Pins
• Tweezers
• Breathing Barrier Mask
• Small Flashlight and Extrs Batteries
Search and Rescue Reponse (SAR)
operations are coordinated efforts
designed to locate, assist, and rescue
individuals who are in distress or
missing, often in emergency or
disaster situations.
 Ty p e s o f D is a s te r
R e q u ir in g S A R
• Earthquake
• Flood
• Landslides
• Wildfire
• Tornadoes and Hurricanes
• Missing Person Cases
Wat er R es cu e
• Are conducted in response to incidents such as
floods, boating accidents, or individuals trapped in
swift water
• Specialized teams, including swiftwater rescue
teams and divers, are often deployed
• Techniques may involve the use of boats, ropes, and
flotation devices to reach and assist victims
 q u a k e R e s c u e
Earth
• Earthquake search and rescue
focuses on locating and extricating
individuals trapped in collapsed
building or debris
• Trained urban search and rescue
(USAR) teams use tools like
search dogs, cameras, and heavy
equipment like cranes and
bulldozers
• Rapid response is crucial to
increase chances of survival
 Fire Rescue
• In wildfire scenarios, SAR teams focus
on evacuating people from threatened
areas and rescuing those who couldn’t
escape
• Firefighters and emergency responders
are often involved, using firebreaks,
helicopters, and fire shelters for
protection
• In structural fires, SAR teams work to
locate and extract individuals trapped
inside burning buildings
 d e R e s c u e
La n d s l i
• Landslides can bury homes,, roads, and people
under tons of debris
• SAR teams employ geotechnical experts, search
dogs, and heavy machinery to locate and extract
victims
• Terrain instability and weather conditions can
complicate these operations
THANK
YOU!