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    Alidade

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    Bakhtiyar Q.Khawaja
    This document discusses the alidade, a surveying instrument used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. It begins with an introduction to the alidade, including its history and types (optical and digital). It then explains how to use an alidade and its applications in topographic surveys, engineering surveys, land surveys, and navigation. Specific uses of the alidade include measuring distances, determining elevations, mapping features and boundaries, and establishing survey control networks. The document concludes with the versatility and accuracy of the alidade for surveying tasks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Alidade

    Uploaded by

    Bakhtiyar Q.Khawaja
    57 views13 pages
    This document discusses the alidade, a surveying instrument used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. It begins with an introduction to the alidade, including its history and types (optical and digital). It then explains how to use an alidade and its applications in topographic surveys, engineering surveys, land surveys, and navigation. Specific uses of the alidade include measuring distances, determining elevations, mapping features and boundaries, and establishing survey control networks. The document concludes with the versatility and accuracy of the alidade for surveying tasks.

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    This document discusses the alidade, a surveying instrument used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. It begins with an introduction to the alidade, including its history and types (optical and digital). It then explains how to use an alidade and its applications in topographic surveys, engineering surveys, land surveys, and navigation. Specific uses of the alidade include measuring distances, determining elevations, mapping features and boundaries, and establishing survey control networks. The document concludes with the versatility and accuracy of the alidade for surveying tasks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    57 views13 pages

    Alidade

    Uploaded by

    Bakhtiyar Q.Khawaja
    This document discusses the alidade, a surveying instrument used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. It begins with an introduction to the alidade, including its history and types (optical and digital). It then explains how to use an alidade and its applications in topographic surveys, engineering surveys, land surveys, and navigation. Specific uses of the alidade include measuring distances, determining elevations, mapping features and boundaries, and establishing survey control networks. The document concludes with the versatility and accuracy of the alidade for surveying tasks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Kurdistan Region Government-Iraq

    Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research


    Akre University for Applied Science
    Akre Technical Institute
    Surveying department-Morning
    First stage-First semester

    alidade

    Prepared by : Kamiran Barakat


    Supervised by: Mr.Bakhtiyar
    Dalal Saado
    Shamo Mirza
    Sami Khudida
    Maulod Arif
    OBJECTIVE
     INTRODUCTION
     HISTORY
     TYPES OF ALIDADE
     OPTICAL ALIDADE
     DIGITAL ALIDADE
     HOW TO USE AN ALIDADE
     APPLICATIONS
     CONCLUSION
     REFERENCE
    INTRODUCTION

    • A ALIDADE IS A SIGHTING INSTRUMENT USED IN SURVEYING AND MAPPING. IT


    CONSISTS OF A TELESCOPE WITH A SIGHTING VANE MOUNTED ON A PIVOT. THE
    TELESCOPE IS USED TO VIEW THE TARGET, AND THE SIGHTING VANE IS USED TO
    ALIGN THE TELESCOPE WITH THE TARGET.
    HISTORY

    • ALIDADES HAVE BEEN USED FOR CENTURIES IN SURVEYING AND MAPPING. THE
    EARLIEST ALIDADES WERE MADE OF WOOD OR METAL, AND THEY WERE USED
    TO MEASURE DISTANCES AND ANGLES. IN THE 18TH CENTURY, ALIDADES BEGAN
    TO BE MADE WITH TELESCOPES, WHICH IMPROVED THEIR ACCURACY.
    TYPES OF ALIDADE

    • THERE ARE TWO MAIN TYPES OF ALIDADE: THE OPTICAL ALIDADE AND THE
    DIGITAL ALIDADE.
    OPTICAL ALIDADE

    • OPTICAL ALIDADES USE A TELESCOPE TO VIEW THE TARGET. THEY ARE THE
    MOST COMMON TYPE OF ALIDADE, AND THEY ARE USED FOR A VARIETY OF
    SURVEYING AND MAPPING TASKS.
    DIGITAL ALIDADE

    • DIGITAL ALIDADES USE A DIGITAL DISPLAY TO VIEW THE TARGET. THEY ARE
    BECOMING INCREASINGLY POPULAR, AS THEY OFFER A NUMBER OF
    ADVANTAGES OVER OPTICAL ALIDADES, INCLUDING IMPROVED ACCURACY,
    EASE OF USE, AND THE ABILITY TO RECORD DATA.
    HOW TO USE AN ALIDADE

    • TO USE AN ALIDADE, THE USER FIRST ALIGNS THE SIGHTING VANE WITH THE
    TARGET. THE USER THEN LOOKS THROUGH THE TELESCOPE AND ADJUSTS THE
    TELESCOPE UNTIL THE TARGET IS IN THE CENTER OF THE FIELD OF VIEW. THE
    DISTANCE TO THE TARGET CAN THEN BE MEASURED BY READING THE SCALE ON
    THE ALIDADE.
    Applications
    Alidades have a wide range of applications in surveying, including:

    1. Topographic Surveys: Alidades are used to measure horizontal and


    vertical angles, aiding in the creation of accurate topographic maps.

    2. Engineering Surveys: In construction and engineering projects,


    alidades assist in determining angles for proper alignment and
    positioning of structures.

    3. Land Surveys: Alidades are employed in cadastral surveys to measure


    angles between boundary lines accurately.

    4. Navigation: In marine and aeronautical navigation, alidades play a role


    in determining bearings and angles.
    • MEASURING DISTANCES:
    • ALIDADES CAN BE COMBINED WITH OTHER TECHNIQUES, SUCH AS CHAINAGE
    OR TRIGONOMETRY, TO MEASURE DISTANCES BETWEEN POINTS. BY MEASURING
    THE ANGLE AND DISTANCE TO A TARGET, SURVEYORS CAN CALCULATE THE
    DISTANCE USING TRIGONOMETRIC PRINCIPLES.

    • DETERMINING ELEVATIONS:
    • ALIDADES CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE THE ELEVATION OF A POINT BY
    MEASURING THE ANGLE OF INCLINATION FROM A KNOWN REFERENCE POINT.
    THIS IS ESSENTIAL FOR CREATING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS THAT SHOW THE
    TERRAIN'S ELEVATION CHANGES.
    • MAPPING FEATURES AND BOUNDARIES:
    • ALIDADES ARE USED TO MAP VARIOUS FEATURES ON THE GROUND, SUCH AS
    BUILDINGS, ROADS, AND PROPERTY BOUNDARIES. BY MEASURING ANGLES AND
    DISTANCES, SURVEYORS CAN ACCURATELY REPRESENT THESE FEATURES ON A
    MAP.

    • ESTABLISHING SURVEY CONTROL NETWORKS:


    • ALIDADES ARE EMPLOYED TO ESTABLISH SURVEY CONTROL NETWORKS, WHICH
    PROVIDE A FRAMEWORK FOR DETAILED SURVEYS AND MAPPING PROJECTS.
    THESE NETWORKS CONSIST OF A SERIES OF POINTS WITH KNOWN COORDINATES
    THAT SERVE AS REFERENCE POINTS FOR SUBSEQUENT MEASUREMENTS.
    CONCLUSION

    • ALIDADES ARE VERSATILE TOOLS THAT CAN BE USED FOR A VARIETY OF


    SURVEYING AND MAPPING TASKS. THEY ARE ACCURATE, EASY TO USE, AND CAN
    BE USED IN A VARIETY OF ENVIRONMENTS.
    REFERENCE

    • HTTPS://WWW.USGS.GOV/PUBLICATIONS/US-GEOLOGICAL-SURVEY
    • HTTPS://PUBS.USGS.GOV/PUBLICATIO

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