World Literature - 103441

21 C e
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Wo rld lite rat ure
Catharsis (noun)
-the process of releasing and thereby providing
relief from strong or repressed emotions
Storytelling Literature
-is the vivid description of ideas, beliefs,
personal experiences, and life lessons through
stories of narratives that evoke powerful
emotions and insights.
Emotions Literature
-is the characters experience or feel in any story. It always connect us
and it makes us feel home and see ourselves and everyone under one sky.
• Literature connects us to various human experiences and engages us

emotionally .
• Literature speaks of human emotions beyond the events that unfold in the
telling of stories.
• Universal or Cosmopolitan Appeal transcends time, space, race, creed,
religion and culture.
World Literature
-the totality of all national literature
• The term “world literature” was introduced by Johann Wolfgang
Von Goethe.
• He used the word “weltliteratur” in 1927.
• Goethe studied the characteristic features and interrelationships of
different national literatures, the tendencies of their development
and their achievements. He studied the works of famous writers
which presented different literary phenomena of different historic
periods. He claimed that literature shouldn’t be restrained by
national boundaries.
Literatures that Johann Wolfgang von Goethe studied:

1. Sanskrit Literature of India
2. The Islamic Religious translations or Islamic Writings
3. Serbian Epic Poetry translation
• In 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used the term word
literature in their book entitled Communist Manifesto.
• Cosmopolitan or Universal Appeal cuts across boundaries of time,
of creed, of culture, of gender, of space.
• In 1894, the world saw the first book about world literature entitled
“The History of World Literature”
World Literature Classifications according to Period of Development:

a. The Bronze Age of Literature
-covers ancient literature from 2600 BC. It was in this period the
literary works of Sumerians and Egyptians emerged, since they were
also the first ancient civilizations who developed the early systems of
writing including the Cuneiform of the Sumerians and hieroglyphs of
the Egyptians.
b. Classical Literature
-refers to the great masterpieces of Greek, Roman and other ancient
civilizations (1200 BCE to 455 CE)
c. Medieval Literature
-refers broadly to any work written in Latin or the vernacular between c.
476-1500 CE, including philosophy, religious treatises, legal texts, as well as
works of the imagination.
d. Modern Literature
-originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly in Europe and
North America and is characterized by a self conscious break with
traditional ways of writing in both poetry and prose fiction writing.
Stream of Consciousness
-a technique in writing that attempts “to depict the infinite thoughts
and feelings which pass through the mind” of a narrator.
-is like the prose fiction version of soliloquy or monologue in the
genre of drama. Monologue Soliloquy
-is a literary device used in drama -is presented by a single character
which is characterized by a long to himself/herself as an
speech delivered or presented by expression of his/her thoughts to
an individual character. himself/herself.
In stream of consciousness, the speakers thought processes are more often

depicted as overheard in the mind. It is more of an interior monologue
where the character only talks in his minds without the actual verbal
Stream of Consciousness Writers
1. Dorothy Richardson- Pointed Roofs (1915)
2. James Joyce- Ulysses (1922)
3. Virginia Woolf- To the lighthouse (1927), Mrs. Dalloway (1925)
e. Contemporary Literature
-set after World War II or during the 1940’s. Reality-based stories with
strong characters and a believable story emerged on this period, but it was
also during this period that gave birth to the genre of magical realism which
as a breakthrough at the time.
Magical Realism
-as a literary fiction style, magical realism paints a realistic view of
the modern world while also
-uses substantial amount of realistic detail and employs magical
elements to make a point about reality, while fantasy stories are often
separated from reality.
Example: Gabriel Garcia Marquez- “one hundred years of solitude”
f. 21st Century Literature

-refers to any work written from 2001 onwards. It is characterized
by the steep increase in the acceptability of literature of all types,
inspired by the coming of age of millions of people who enjoyed the
work of writers of speculative fictions.
Speculative Fiction
-is a broad category of fiction encompassing genres with
elements that do not exist in
Example: Dystopian Fiction (SQUID GAME)
-is a kind of fiction denoting an imagined state or society where
there is a great suffering and injustice. This is the complete opposite of
Utopian fiction which presents an ideal world free of suffering or game.
• The advent of internet age, digital media, and social media in the 21 st
century has also led to the emergence of new literary genres.
-Illustrated Novels
-High School Post Secondary
-Graphic Novels
-Shakespeare Manga
-Text-talk novels
-Doodle-Fiction
• World Literature is the cultural heritage of all humanity.
21 century representative
st
texts and authors across the

continents from Asia, north
America, Europe, Latin
America to Africa
• Tan Twan Eng
-Malaysian Novelist
ASI
A
1. The Gift of Rain (2007)
2. The Garden of Evening Mists (2011)
• Musharrat Ali Farooqi • Kim Thuy

-Pakistan author, novelist and translator -Vietnamese Canadian
1. Between Clay and Dust (2012) Novelist
2. The Story of Widow (2008) 1. Ru (2009)
3. Tik-Tik the Master of Time (Pakistan’s first English
language novel for children) (2013) • Nayomi Munweera
-Sri Lankan American
• Jeet Thayil Novelist
-Indian Poet, Novelist and musician 1. Island of a Thousand
1. Narcopolis (2012) Mirrors (2012)
• Jonathan Safran Foer
-American novelist from new York
1. Eating Animals (2009)
North
america
2. Everything is illuminated and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close
(A novel) (2005)
• Sara Gruen
-#1 New York Times and USA today best selling author
1. At the waters edge (2015)
2. Ape House (2010)
3. Water for elephants (was adopted in a major motion picture starring
Reese Witherspoon, Rob Pattinson and Christoph Waltz in 2011)

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21 C e

• Literature connects us to various human experiences and engages us

Literatures that Johann Wolfgang von Goethe studied:

World Literature Classifications according to Period of Development:

In stream of consciousness, the speakers thought processes are more often

f. 21st Century Literature

texts and authors across the

• Musharrat Ali Farooqi • Kim Thuy

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