PHOTOJOUR

NALISM
Mr. Rom Mark V.
Jay Directo is
3rd in the «
International
News » category
for his picture of
children
searching for
objects to sell in
Manila in
August 2011.
Manpreet Romana
receives the
honorable mention
in the « International
News » category for
the picture of this
child crying during
his father’s funeral,
who died when their
apartment building
collapsed in New
Delhi on November
15th, 2010.
Carl de Souza, an
AFP photographer
from the London
bureau, receives an
honorable mention
in the « Sport
Picture Story » for
his October 2010
series of pictures
of Pakistani
wrestlers.
Daniel Etter/Courtesy of World Press Photo
Foundation/Handout via REUTERS

Two Nigerian refugees cry

and embrace in a detention
center for refugees in
Surman, Libya Aug. 17,
2016. The detention center
housed hundreds of women
escaping precarious
conditions. Many claimed
they are regularly beaten or
sexually assaulted, and
received insufficient amounts
of food and water at the
center. Most of these women
were attempting to reach
Europe by being smuggled
across the Mediterranean in
boats setting sail from
neighboring Sabratah.
Tiejun Wang/Courtesy of World Press Photo
Foundation/Handout via REUTERS

Four students
of a gymnastics
school in
Xuzhou, China,
do toe-pressure
training for 30
minutes in the
afternoon.
 PHOTOJOURNALISM
-is the documentation of events or people through photographs that tell a story.
-is the communication of news through photographs. These images tend to appear in print
newspapers and magazines as well as online media sites and microblogging platforms.
- can fall under all subjects of photography but the image needs to be newsworthy to end up
TWO TYPES OF
being published.

PHOTOJOURNALISM
1. The first type is where an image is used to illustrate a story. Many feature
journalists work closely with photographers and commission them to produce
images that will be published with their articles.
2. The second is where an image is used to tell a story without any words. One
single image may be used or as many as ten images are often used in
magazines.
 One of the most important qualities of a photojournalists is his ability to react
quickly when he comes along a scene that may be newsworthy.

Photography
Exposure Basics
EXPOSURE
-is the amount of light collected by the sensor in your camera during a single picture. If the shot is exposed
too long the photograph will be washed out. If the shot is exposed too short the photograph will appear too dark.

USE OF LIGHT
-the angle of light should be taken into careful consideration whenever you feel like you want
to create a specific effect. Shadows can be very powerful when cast over half of someone’s face.
 PORTRAIT
PHOTOGRAPHY
-The main purpose of portrait photography is to capture the
essence of the subjects.
THE 3 GENERAL TYPES OF PORTRAIT PHOTOGRAPHY:
1. CLOSE-UPS or FACIAL SHOTS- usually have the
subject’s shoulders and head or less. They are basically
framed around the face. These are the best to capture
expressions and glamour shots.
2. UPPER BODY SHOTS or MIDRANGE PORTRAITS-
are a little less personal than close-ups. These are easier to
get satisfactory results from mainly because your subject is
probably more relaxed plus you can include a little of the
background. These are probably the most commonly used for
single subjects and multiple subjects.
3. ENVIRONMENTAL PORTRAITURE- are portraits
that let us into the life of the subject. These usually include
the whole subject in a scenario or partaking in some hobby
that they enjoy.
PHOTOGRAPHY: THE
RULES OF COMPOSITION
Composition- is the combining of distinct parts or
elements to form a whole.

Things to consider….
1. The Rule of Thirds- it means that the frame can
be divided into three horizontal sections and three
vertical sections and therefore, where the horizontal
and vertical lines intersect makes an ideal location
for the more important parts of your picture. By
locating your main subject at one of the four
intersections you give subject more emphasis than
if it was right smack in the middle of the picture.
Things to consider….
2. The Simplicity- is the method of keeping the
information in a photograph relatively simple. If your
main subject is close, then your background should be
very simple to avoid destructions.

3. Framing- is the tactic of using natural surroundings

to add more meaning to your subject. It could be anything
such as bushes, trees, a window or even a doorway.

4. Leading Lines are used to lure the eye deeper into

a picture or to an important subject. Straight, curved,
parallel or diagonal lines are all good at promoting
interest. Good examples could be roads, rivers, streams,
bridges, branches or fences.
Things to
consider….
5. Colors are what add
heart and emotion to
your pictures. Certain
color configurations can
inspire awe and
amazement in
onlookers. Colors can be
used to add all sort of
accents and effects, but
you must be careful to
not draw attention away
from the main subject.
 Photography at night can be used to create
amazing pictures. When photographing
NIGHT sunsets, you should not only include
PHOTOGRAPHY foreground items but use the rule of
thirds, specifically the horizontal section
of thirds so you get a good perspective on
the scene.
The Essentials of a Good Landscape
Photo
Landscape photography has the ability to
take your viewers into another place
without actually being there.
FOREGROUND ELEMENTS
In order to show the depth of a landscape it
is very important to include some type of
foreground element. Without something in
the foreground, the viewer has no way to
distinguish distances or sizes; everything
looks more flat and closer to the camera.
What do you do as a photojournalist?
Photojournalists, also known as news photographers, shoot photographs that capture news
events. Their job is to tell a story with pictures. They may cover a war in central Africa, the
Olympics, a national election, or a small-town Fourth of July parade.

Why is photojournalism important?

Photojournalism is also vital because it helps the story become more tangible for the reader. A
tangible story helps the readers connect to and understand the narrative and relays it to their
friends and family members.

What is the importance of photojournalist?

Importance Of Photo -journalism. Photojournalism which is one of the most important
branches of journalism exposes the reality through raw and non-biased photographs. It's
through a picture alone that the power to visually tell about what's going in a society, and
portray the truth becomes possible.
Photojournalism Ethics Guidelines
• Photojournalists are responsible for the integrity of their
images. We will not alter images so that they mislead the public.
• We will explain in the photo caption if a photograph has been
staged.
• We will label altered images as photo illustrations.
From the Society of Professional Journalists Code of Ethics:
“Journalists should . . . never distort the content of news photos
or video. Image enhancement for technical clarity is always
permissible. Label montages and photo illustrations.”
For a code of ethics entirely on photojournalism, see the National Press Photographers
Association Code of Ethics. Some clauses from this code:
• Be accurate and comprehensive in the representation of subjects.
• Resist being manipulated by staged photo opportunities.
• Be complete and provide context when photographing or recording subjects.
• Avoid stereotyping individuals and groups.
• Recognize and work to avoid presenting one’s own biases in the work.
• Treat all subjects with respect and dignity. Give special consideration to vulnerable
subjects and compassion to victims of crime or tragedy. Intrude on private moments of
grief only when the public has an overriding and justifiable need to see.
• While photographing subjects, do not intentionally contribute to, alter, or seek to alter
or influence events.
• Editing should maintain the integrity of the photographic images’ content and context.
Do not manipulate images or add or alter sound in any way that can mislead viewers or
misrepresent subjects.
• Respect the integrity of the photographic moment.
 How do you write in
photojournalism?
Photo captions are often the first elements of a publication to be read. Writing photo captions
is an essential part of the news photographer’s job. A photo caption should provide the reader
basic information needed to understand a photograph and its relevance to the news. It should
be written in a consistent, concise format that allows news organizations to move the photo to
publication without delay.

Professional standards of clarity, accuracy and completeness in caption writing should be as

high or higher than any other writing that appears in a publication. A poorly written caption
that is uninformative or worse, misleading, can diminish the impact of a good photo and
undermine its credibility as journalism. If readers can’t trust the accuracy of the simple
information included in a caption, why should they trust what they read in the rest of the
publication?
Characteristics of Photojournalism
1. Photojournalism is relevant.
The main objective of photojournalism is to tell a story better than the text or write-up that
usually accompanies the photos. Therefore, it should capture images that have meaning or
relevance to the story being told.
For example, a story about a mother reunited with her daughter after being apart for 20 years will
be more effective if it is accompanied by a photo showing them rushing into each other’s arms.
2. Photojournalism is timely.
Photojournalism should tackle current issues. It should feature something that’s on the news, or
something people are talking about. This will make the images more interesting to the audience
or reader.
After her triumph in the London Olympics, for example, numerous photos of US gymnast
Gabrielle “Gabby” Douglas in action were spread throughout the Internet. These photos were
accompanied by short descriptions of how Gabby captured the attention of the crowd and the
judges. The images helped people from different parts of the world to experience her victory and
celebrate with her.
3. Photojournalism is objective.
Photojournalism is not biased. It does not take sides. Therefore, the images should accurately show
events as they are. Some photographers, however, argue that to be completely objective is quite
difficult. According to them, the term “honest” is more appropriate in describing photojournalism.
No matter what a photojournalist believes in; whether he prefers to be objective or honest, the most
important thing is for him to present the images as is.
The secret is not to force the situation. For example, a photojournalist shooting a burial scene should
not force his subject to shed tears because he wants to create a dramatic effect. Real emotions are
captured candidly.
4. Photojournalism is narrative.
Photojournalism works best if it is presented as a narrative. The photos should come with a short
write-up or article stating important facts about the incident or event. It should tell a story.
For example, a photo that shows two little girls lifting a small box of old clothes tells a clearer story
than one that shows a box marked with “Old Clothes”.
5. Aesthetically Interesting
Photojournalists follow certain photography principles that are intended to help them produce photos
that catch the attention of different audiences. Photos with the right focus, angle and color will attract
more people than those that come out blurry or unfocused.
Different Fields of Photojournalism
If you are a serious photojournalist, you should be flexible enough as there are several
photojournalism fields that you may be assigned to.

General News pertains to any event that is planned of time. Examples are press conferences,
product launch ceremonies and fund-raising dinners.
Spot or Breaking News – refers to any event or incident that is unplanned. You don’t know
where or when it will happen, and sometimes, it shouldn’t even have happened! Examples: a house or
building fire, a burglary or a car accident.
Documentary Photojournalism – this refers to long term photography projects like trailing
a candidate during the campaign period or documenting the life of an orphaned child.
Sports Photography – the most action-packed side of photojournalism. You can take photos of
any sport: a basketball game, a football championship match and even a special Taekwondo
tournament.
Portrait Photojournalism – this is not your typical portrait photo. In photojournalism, portrait
shots involve significant members of the community shown in their usual environment, like a race car
driver beside his car, a doctor inside the operating room or the US President in the Oval Office.