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Translation Text Types and Translatability

According to the document, there are different types of texts that can be classified based on their communicative function and structure. Each text type presents unique translation challenges and requires a specific translation strategy. The document discusses four main text types - informative, expressive, operative, and audiovisual - providing examples and outlining considerations for translating each type. It also reviews theories on text types and functions of language put forth by Reiss, Büchler, and Salmon-Kovarsky, noting how text type impacts translatability.

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74 views

Translation Text Types and Translatability

According to the document, there are different types of texts that can be classified based on their communicative function and structure. Each text type presents unique translation challenges and requires a specific translation strategy. The document discusses four main text types - informative, expressive, operative, and audiovisual - providing examples and outlining considerations for translating each type. It also reviews theories on text types and functions of language put forth by Reiss, Büchler, and Salmon-Kovarsky, noting how text type impacts translatability.

Uploaded by

Pan Cat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TEXT

TYPOLOGY IN
TRANSLATION

Dr. Özlem Özmen Akdoğan


Katharina Reiss
According to Reiss, texts can be
Each text type has its own set of
classified into different types based
translation problems and requires a
on their communicative function
specific translation strategy.
and structure.

By identifying the unique


challenges and requirements of
each text type, translators can
develop more effective translation
strategies that accurately convey
the intended meaning and message
of the original text.
Four main text types
1. Informative texts: Plain communication of facts. Examples of informative texts include scientific articles, user manuals, and technical reports.

In translating informative texts, the translator must ensure that the information is accurately conveyed in the target language and that technical terms and
concepts are appropriately translated.

2. Expressive texts: Creative composition. Examples of expressive texts include poetry, literature, and advertising slogans.

In translating expressive texts, the translator must capture the author's intended tone and style, while also considering cultural differences that may impact the
effectiveness of the message.

3. Operative texts: Inducing behavioural responses. Examples of operative texts include legal documents, contracts, and advertisements.

In translating operative texts, the translator must ensure that the intended meaning and legal implications of the text are accurately conveyed in the target
language.

4. Audiovisual texts: Any type of text that combines visual and auditory elements, such as movies, television shows, and advertisements.

In translating audiovisual texts, the translator must consider not only the linguistic elements of the text, but also the cultural and visual elements that may
impact the effectiveness of the message.

Hybrid?? A biography? A sermon?


Karl Büchler’s language functions

Bücher's theory, which he published in his 1933 book


"Sprachtheorie," identified three main language
functions:

- the informative function,

- the expressive function,

- the operative (vocative) function


Three functions of
language use Informative function: The informative function of language is to
convey information, facts, and knowledge about the world.
according to Scientific writing, news reporting, and educational materials.

Büchler
Expressive function: The expressive function of language is to
convey emotions, attitudes, and feelings. Literature, poetry, and
other forms of creative writing, as well as in personal
communication.

Operative function: The operative function of language is to


persuade or influence others to take a particular action. This
function is used in advertising, political speeches, and other forms
of persuasive communication.
TEXT TYPE AND TRANSLATION
Text type Informative Expressive Operative

Language Representing facts Expressing attitude Making an appeal


function

Language dimension Logical Aesthetic Dialogical

Text focus Content focused Form focused Appellative focused

TT should Transfer content Transfer aesthetic form Elicit desired response

Translation method Plain prose, clarification Adopt ST perspective Equivalent effect


Different text types have different levels of translatability, based on the degree to
which they depend on the source culture and language
Salmon- 1. Referential text: Referential texts, such as scientific or technical writing, are

Kovarsky’s text considered highly translatable because they are focused on conveying
information and facts rather than cultural or linguistic nuances.

types and 2. Expressive text: Expressive texts, such as literature or poetry, are considered
less translatable because they rely heavily on cultural and linguistic nuances to

translatability convey their meaning and effect. Expressive texts often have cultural and
historical references, idiomatic expressions, and other linguistic features that
are difficult to translate accurately.

3. Operative text: Operative texts, such as legal or political documents, are


considered moderately translatable because they are focused on conveying
directives and instructions rather than cultural or linguistic nuances. However,
operative texts often have legal or political terminology that may be specific to
the source culture or language, making them somewhat more difficult to
translate than referential texts.
Text type -
Greg the Greek
examples
Crossed the creek

And in that creek he stuck a stick.

A quick, strict crawfish gripped the stick,

Stuck out his claw and

Tweaked the Greek


Text type -
This wine has intense ruby-red colour and the
examples nose is packed with layers of cinnamon,
caramel, candy and hints of mint with a
prevalence of fruit over the American oak.
This spicy full flavoured wine, with good body,
fruit and firm tannins has an engaging and
strong finish. Also recommended for short
cellaring.
Text type - examples

Dear Sir,
News from Madrid, Spain.
We owe your full address to Translation and Interpreting Schools compiled by
Brian Harris.
For your information and guidance we started our School of Translators and
Interpreters back in 1972. Please, find enclosed detailed information of the
various programmes that we offer. Most of them can be followed by e-mail,
distance learning which operate quite successfully.

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