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Erikson's Psycho-Social Theory of Development

Erikson's psychosocial theory outlines 8 stages of development from infancy to late adulthood. Each stage presents a psychosocial crisis between positive and negative dispositions that influence whether an individual develops strength or weakness. The stages include trust vs mistrust in infancy, autonomy vs shame and doubt in early childhood, initiative vs guilt in preschool ages, industry vs inferiority in school ages, identity vs role confusion in adolescence, intimacy vs isolation in young adulthood, generativity vs stagnation in middle adulthood, and integrity vs despair in late adulthood. Successful completion of each stage can lead to virtues like hope, will, purpose, competence, love, care, and wisdom.

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156 views20 pages

Erikson's Psycho-Social Theory of Development

Erikson's psychosocial theory outlines 8 stages of development from infancy to late adulthood. Each stage presents a psychosocial crisis between positive and negative dispositions that influence whether an individual develops strength or weakness. The stages include trust vs mistrust in infancy, autonomy vs shame and doubt in early childhood, initiative vs guilt in preschool ages, industry vs inferiority in school ages, identity vs role confusion in adolescence, intimacy vs isolation in young adulthood, generativity vs stagnation in middle adulthood, and integrity vs despair in late adulthood. Successful completion of each stage can lead to virtues like hope, will, purpose, competence, love, care, and wisdom.

Uploaded by

jesamebombuhay
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Erikson’s Psycho-

Social Theory of
Development
Introduction to 8 stages

 Erikson’s ‘’ Psychosocial’’ term is derived from the two sources word


-Psychological
- Social

Each stage involves a psychosocial crisis to two opposing emotional forces,


Erickson used the word ‘’syntonic’’
for the first listed positive and negative disposition, and connected them with the
word ‘’versus’’

If a stage is managed well , we carry away a certain virtue of psychological


strength

On the other hand if we don’t do so well, we may develop maladaptation and
malignancy
• MALIGNANCY-involves two much of
negative aspect of the task
• MALADAPTATION-not quite bad, involves
much of the positive
THE EIGHT
PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES
OF DEVELOPMENT
• STAGE 1: TRUST VS MISTRUST

 This stage occurs during the first year of


year and half of life
 If the caregiver is loving and supportive,
the child will develop a sense of trust. If
the caregiver is mean or not nice, then
the child will not trust anyone and will
have trouble making friends later in life.
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY

 Sensory maladjustment- overly trusting, this person cannot


believe anyone would mean them harm.
 WITHDRAWAL- characterized by depression, paranoia, and
possibly psychosis.

VIRTUE
 HOPE- A STRONG BELIEF THAT, EVEN THINGS ARE NOT GOING
WELL, THEY WILL WORK OUT WELL IN THE END.
STAGE 2: AUTONOMY VS. SHAME
AND DOUBT
from about 18 months to 3 or 4
years.
if the caregiver permits the child,
now a toddler, to explore his or
her environment, the child will
develop a sense of autonomy or
independence. Failure to achieve
this independence may force the
child to doubt his or her abilities
and feel shameful.
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY
 IMPULSIVENESS-a sort of shameless cuillfulness that
leads you, in later childhood and even adulthood to
jump into things without proper consideration of
your abilities.
 COMPULSIVENESS- feels as, everything must be done
perfectly and mistakes must be avoided at all costs

VIRTUE
 will power or determination- the determination,’’can
do’’ is there motto
STAGE 3: INITIATE VS. GUILT
from three or four to five and
six.
if they are able to take risks
and try out new things, then
their sense of initiative
develops. However if they feel
too much guilt or shame for
trying something that doesn’t
work out as planned, then
their initiative suffers.
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY
 RUTHLESNESS- to be heartless or unfeeling
-be ‘’without mercy’’
 INHIBITATION-person will not try things ‘’nothing ventured,
nothing loss.’’
VIRTUE
PURPOSE- the courage, the capacity for action despite a clear
understanding of your limitations and past failing
STAGE 4: INDUSTRY VS.
INFERIORITY
school-age stage from about six
to twelve
if they are able to feel good
about their abilities and see
themselves as competent
individuals, then their industry
develops well. However if kids
feel inferior to others and doubt
their own abilities then their
sense of industry suffers.
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY
 NARROW VIRTUSITY-these are kids without a life. We all
admire their industry, but if we look a little closer, it is all
that stands in the way of an empty life
 INERTIA-like we never go out in public, we become inertia

VIRTUE
COMPETENCE-keep us sensibly humble
STAGE 5: EGO IDENTITY VS. ROLE
CONFUSION
beginning puberty and ending around
18 to 20 years old
if they are able to develop a strong
sense of self-identity then they will be
less likely to experience role confusion
later on in life. However if they are
unable to do this, then they may feel
lost and confused about their purpose
in life
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY
 NARROW VIRTUSITY-these are kids without a life. We
all admire their industry, but if we look a little closer, it
is all that stands in the way of an empty life
 INERTIA-like we never go out in public, we become
inertia

VIRTUE
COMPETENCE-keep us sensibly humble
STAGE 6: INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION
from about 18 to about 30
if they are able to from satisfying
relationships, during this stage, then
they will be more likely to develop a
strong sense of intimacy as adults.
However, if people feel isolated and
alone during this time period, then it
may make future adult relationships
more challenging because they won’t
have had much practice or
experiences in developing meaningful
connections within the past.
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY
 PROMISCUITY-tendency to become intimate too
freely, too easily and without and depth to your
intimacy
 EXCLUSION-tendency to isolate oneself from,
friendship and community
VIRTUE
LOVE-being able to put aside differences and
antagonism through ‘’mutuality of devotion’’
STAGE 7: GENERATIVITY VS.STAGNATION
a period during which we are actively
involved in raising children
Generativity is the extension of love
into the future while stagnation is self-
absorption, caring for no one
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY
OVEREXTENSION-the person who is
overextended no lunge contributes
REJECTIVTY-no longer participating in
or contributing to the society
VIRTUE
-CARING
STAGE 8:EGO INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR
-somewhere around 60
-if and individual has experienced
feeling of integrity through out their
lifetime-meaning that they feel satisfied
with who they are as a person what
they’ve done up until now and this may
result in them feeling content. However
those who experience feeling of despair
during this time period may feel like
they have not lived up to their own
expectations and lead them to feel
regret and a lack of purpose.
MALADAPTATION/MALIGNANCY
 Presumption- he does not respect the idea and
views of the young
 Disdain- the person becomes very negative and
appears to hate life
VIRTUE
 Wisdom-someone who approaches death without
fear has the strength calls wisdom.
THANKYOU!!

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