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    Katarak

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    Bimo Nugroho Sakti
    1. Cataracts are a cloudiness of the lens in the eye that can decrease vision. They are often caused by aging but can be due to eye trauma, infection, or other medical conditions. 2. Cataracts can be treated with surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens implant. Surgical techniques include extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification. 3. Symptoms of cataracts include blurred or cloudy vision, sensitivity to light, difficulty driving at night, and problems seeing colors clearly. Cataracts are diagnosed through eye exams measuring vision and examining the lens.

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    Katarak

    Uploaded by

    Bimo Nugroho Sakti
    27 views28 pages
    1. Cataracts are a cloudiness of the lens in the eye that can decrease vision. They are often caused by aging but can be due to eye trauma, infection, or other medical conditions. 2. Cataracts can be treated with surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens implant. Surgical techniques include extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification. 3. Symptoms of cataracts include blurred or cloudy vision, sensitivity to light, difficulty driving at night, and problems seeing colors clearly. Cataracts are diagnosed through eye exams measuring vision and examining the lens.

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    1. Cataracts are a cloudiness of the lens in the eye that can decrease vision. They are often caused by aging but can be due to eye trauma, infection, or other medical conditions. 2. Cataracts can be treated with surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens implant. Surgical techniques include extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification. 3. Symptoms of cataracts include blurred or cloudy vision, sensitivity to light, difficulty driving at night, and problems seeing colors clearly. Cataracts are diagnosed through eye exams measuring vision and examining the lens.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    27 views28 pages

    Katarak

    Uploaded by

    Bimo Nugroho Sakti
    1. Cataracts are a cloudiness of the lens in the eye that can decrease vision. They are often caused by aging but can be due to eye trauma, infection, or other medical conditions. 2. Cataracts can be treated with surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens implant. Surgical techniques include extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification. 3. Symptoms of cataracts include blurred or cloudy vision, sensitivity to light, difficulty driving at night, and problems seeing colors clearly. Cataracts are diagnosed through eye exams measuring vision and examining the lens.

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    REFERAT

    KATARAK

    OLEH
    LOLI REFILIA DITA

    PEMBIMBING
    DR. RAHMAT SYUHADA SP.M (K)

    http://www.free-powerpoint-templates-design.com
    INTRODUCTION

    Cataracts are conditions


    eye trauma, infection
    of cloudy in the This change can occur
    disease. Cataracts can
    crystalline lens, which due to the degeneration
    also occur since human
    will cause a decrease in process
    birth
    visual acuity

    Cataracts is the main


    cause of blindness in Cataracts can be treated
    Indonesia with a with surgery,
    prevalence of 0.78%
    Definition

    Cataract is the cloudy that occours in the lens


    and blocking the light in to the eyes
    3
    Etiology

    Kongenital Trauma
    01 04

    Diabetic, growth
    02 05 Aging
    disorder

    high UV exposure Another unknown


    03 06
    factor
    Etiology Structur changes of
    korteks

    Damage corteks cells

    Hydration of lens
    cells

    Lens density decreases

    Parallel light get into


    The lens becomes
    the lens
    cloudy

    Can’t be focused

    Decreased of visus

    5
    Classification

    • Kongenital • Nuklear • Insipien


    • Juvenile • Kortikal • Imatur
    • senilis • supraskapular • Matur
    • hipermatur
    degree of
    Age Location
    turbidity

    The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 6


    Nuclear Cataract
    • Schlerosis in the corner of
    lens appear around age 60-
    70 y.o and the progressivity
    is slow
    • Symptom : visions brighter
    in the morning/in the night.
    • Difficult to differentiate the
    color, mainly blue and
    purple.
    Cortical Cataract
    • Appear in the layer around
    nucleus or cortex.
    • Usually appear around age
    40-60 y.o
    • There is wedge-shape
    opacities/cortical spokes
    • Far vision and near vision
    are disturbed along with
    dazzled
    Subkapsular posterior cataract
    • Etiology : trauma, sistemic
    kortikostreoid and topical
    kortikostreoid, inflammation,
    and radiation.
    • Symptom : dazzled,
    decreasing visus in the bright
    place, and diphlopia.
    • Turbidity strarting from the
    lower of capsul
    Insipent Cataract

    •Visus dirtubance (-)


    •Turbidity mainly in preifer site such as vague cogged spot
    mainly in anterior cortex
    •Sign appear if pupil dilated
    •Shadow test (+)
    Imature Cataract

    •The turbidity appear in posterior nucleus lens


    •Hidration of the cortex makes the lens more convex
    •Convex lens pushed iris to the front, and coa become
    more narrow.
    •Shadow test +
    Mature Cataract

    • Lens become totally cloudy


    • There is no iris shadow/shadow test
    (-)
    • In pupil seen lens like pearl
    • Turbidity located in pupil
    Hipermature cataract
    • Consistention of lens cortex
    is like melted porridge
    • Lens capsul are damage
    Symptom

    Eye glare Hard to see in the night

    Cloudy sight Changing color perception

    diplopia Decreasing vision


    Diagnosis

    • Snellen Chart • To know the vision

    • Lens turbiduty
    • Penlight
    • Shadow test

    • To discover the problem in


    • Oftalmoskop optic nerve and retina that
    can make visual impairment
    • Evaluate the thickness,
    • Slit lamp width turbid site, and
    lens site.

    16
    Treatment

    Cataracts can only be treated


    through surgical procedures.

    EKEK EKIK

    SICS FAKOEMULSIFICATION
    Intracapsular Cataract Extraction (ICCE)
    • Take all the lens and the
    capsul
    • Indication zonula zinn that
    already fragile or degenerate
    and break easily.
    • In this extraction the
    sekunder cataract wouldn’t
    happen.
    • Contraindication  age < 40
    y.o that still have capsular
    ligament hialodea.
    • Complication  astigmatism,
    glaucoma, uveitis,
    endoftalmitis, and bleeding.
    Extracapsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE)
    • Lens extraction by breaking the
    anterior lens capsul so lens
    mass and cortex can pass
    through the rips  posterior
    capsul intact, so intraoculer lens
     get in to posterior camera.
    • Indication  immatur cataract,
    endotel abnormalities,
    ceratoplasty, posterior
    intraoculer lens implantation,
    intraoculer lens second
    implantation, possibility doing
    glaukoma surgery, vitrous
    prolaps predispotition..
    SICS
    (Small Incision Cataract Surgery)

    •Bcs the incision is small, recovery time of SICS is fast


    •SICS can pick up the nucleus lens completely or destroy it
    •The astigmatism risk is safer than conventional EKEK

    20
    fakoemulsifikasi
    • Using ultrasonic vibrator 
    breaking nucleus  aspiration
    by incision 2,5 – 3 mm 
    putting the intraocular lens
    that can be fold.
    • Benefits  faster visions
    healing, astogmatism
    induction because of
    operation is minimal,
    complication and inflammation
    after operation is minimal.
    • Complicaton  secunder
    cataract.
    Conclusion
    Cataract is every condition of turbid lens,
    it might be because of lens hidration,
    lens protein denaturation or because
    both of them. General symptom : cloudy,
    smoky, sight closed by film, vision
    change, difficulities to drive in night,
    fotosensitivitas, often change the glasses
    lens, and diplopia.
    Mata Normal

    Katarak Post Op Katarak


    Thank you
    Extracapsular cataract extraction
    1. Anterior 2. Completion of
    capsulotomy incision

    3. Expression of 4. Cortical cleanup


    nucleus

    5. Care not to aspirate


    posterior capsule 6. Polishing of posterior
    accidentally capsule, if appropriate
    Extracapsular cataract extraction ( cont. )
    7. Injection of 8. Grasping of IOL and
    viscoelastic coating with viscoelasti
    substance substance

    9. Insertion of inferior 10. Insertion of superior


    haptic and optic haptic

    11. Placement of haptics


    into capsular bag
    and not into ciliary 12. Dialling of IOL into
    sulcus horizontal position
    Phacoemulsification
    1. Capsulorrhexis 2. Hydrodissection

    3. Sculpting of nucleus 4. Cracking of nucleus

    5. Emulsification of 6. Cortical cleanup and


    each quadrant insertion of IOL
    Diabetes melitus
    Glucose in
    Increase Diffusion goes
    aquous also
    gloucose increases
    into the lens

    Osmotic Sorbitol cannot Converted by the


    pressure be metabolized aldose reductase
    increases in the lens enzyme to sorbitol

    hidration

    28

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