AN ASSESSMENT OF THE THERAPEUTIC

COMMUNICATION (TC)
PROGRAM FOR PERSON DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY (PDL) IN
CANTILAN,
SURIGAO DEL SUR
RESEARCHERS: BLOCK 4J
 OBJECTIVES:

 To assess the impact of assessment program on the mental and emotional well-being
of persons deprived of liberty, measuring changes in their behavior, emotions, and
interpersonal relationships
 Develop recommendations and best practices to enhance the existing therapeutic
communication program, aiming to optimize its benefits and minimize negative
outcomes for persons deprived of liberty
 Value the importance of studying the assessment of therapeutic communication
program for person deprived of liberty
 CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS
SETTING
INTRODUCTION

Inmates in the Philippine jail system are treated using two different methods.
Both the community-based treatment programs and the institutional treatment
programs fall under this category. These initiatives intended to change the way
of thinking and attitude of offenders (Escabel et al.2015).

The development and maintenance of PDL is a requirement of the BJMP. The

Directorate for Inmates Welfare and Development launched a program to help
inmates get ready for their reintegration back into society. To ensure the PDL's
aftercare, the TCMP was established. The program employs a self-help social
learning therapy approach that uses the community as a therapeutic tool to
encourage behavioral and psychological improvements.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The general purpose of this study is to determine the effects of Therapeutic Communication Assessment
Program on Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL). Specifically, it aims to answer the enumerated research
questions:

1. What is the socio-demographic of PDL in Cantilan, Surigao del Sur?

1. Age

2. Sex

3. Marital Status

4. Type of Criminal Case

2. What is the extent of implementation of Therapeutic Communication Assessment perceived by respondents?

1. Behavioral;

2. Intellectual and spiritual;

3. Emotional; and

4. Psychological aspects.

3. What is the satisfaction level of PDL who are exposed to Therapeutic Communication
Assessment relative to:

1. Types of program

4. What are the determinants of level of satisfaction of the assesment?

5. Base on the results, what management plan can be developed to enhance Therapeutic
Communication Assessment?
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study is conducted to determine and to identify the effect and outcomes with
respect to the implementation of Therapeutic Communication Assessment towards the
Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL) in Cantilan, Surigao Del Sur Police District.

Moreover, this study focuses to develop behavioral, emotional, intellectual and

psychological characters of the Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL) through creating
assessment information strategies and feedbacks for the effectiveness of Therapeutic
Communication Program in the Police District of Cantilan, Surigao Del Sur.
 CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE AND STUDIES
RELATED LITERATURE

FOREIGN

Many individuals in prison experience a significant prevalence of mental

health issues, and the period when they re-enter the community after
incarceration poses challenges in delivering mental health support. This
transitional phase often results in adverse consequences. It is essential to
conduct further assessments to determine how programs affect the likelihood
of returning to prison, their influence on clinical results, and the precise role
they play in preventing reincarceration. G. Hopkin, Et.Al (2018)
LOCAL

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) places a strong emphasis on
the protection of human dignity and rights in its policy addressing torture and
cruel treatment of individuals deprived of their liberty. The ICRC categorically
condemns such acts as morally reprehensible and illegal. Key principles within
their policy encompass non-discrimination, proper documentation and
monitoring, preventive measures, and coordinated responses with relevant
authorities. The ICRC's dedication to safeguarding detainees and upholding
human rights underscores the significance of collaboration to ensure the
preservation of dignity and adherence to the rule of law in all circumstances
(Nisar et al., 2015).
RELATED STUDIES

FOREIGN
According to a different study titled "Impact of Therapeutic Community Training on
Knowledge and Attitudes of Correctional Officers" (Talpalde et al., 2012), officers were
aware that they needed to change their perspectives on who has authority in the jail and
how they treat the inmates. This change in knowledge and attitudes was further validated
by the prisoners, as seen by their favorable opinions of the police. By lowering recidivism,
rehabilitating prisoners to become contributing citizens, and promoting the development of
safer communities, implications for good social change are quickly approaching.
LOCAL

Inmates in the Santiago City District Jail in the Philippines were the subject of a study
by Baldonado et al. (2022) that focused on their involvement in physical activity.
Baldonado et al. (2022) add to the body of literature by examining the level of
physical activity involvement among convicts and identifying the factors that
influence their participation. The study provides information on the volume, nature,
and forms of physical activity that prisoners engage in as well as the difficulties they
encounter when attempting to exercise inside a correctional facility. The study
improves our knowledge of physical activity in the jail population by especially
investigating the Santiago City District Jail.
SYNTHESIS
In the previous literature and studies, it is stated that the Assessment of Therapeutic
Communication were created to solve the mental health issues, provide services and support to
the PDL in the said Police Distirct. Additionally, it is important to remember that the first mental
health Act laws have been formally passed throughout Philippine history. It offers a rights-based
mental health law and a thorough framework for putting into practice the best mental health
treatment in the Philippines. On June 21, 2018, 11036 was observed. Review the 2017 Mental
Health Act's guiding principles and laws as well as how they affect mental healthcare in the
Philippines. The prevalence of mental illness among prisoners is high, providing mental health
care is challenging during the transition from jail to the community, as many unfavorable effects
are confirmed at this time. To determine the influence of interventions on clinical outcomes and
to define the role of interventions in reincarceration, the impact of programs on recidivism should
be further assessed.
 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design for this assessment will be a mixed-methods approach, combining
qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The qualitative component will
involve semi-structured interviews with PDLs who have participated in the therapeutic
communication program, as well as key stakeholders involved in its implementation.
The quantitative component will include the use of pre- and post-program surveys to
assess changes in the mental health and well-being of the PDLs.
RESEARCH LOCALE
This study conducted in Cantilan, Surigao del Sur Police Distric. Cantilan is a
municipality located in the Caraga region of the Philippines. It is known for its
beautiful beaches and is the site of a correctional facility where Person Deprived of
Liberty (PDL) are held. The choice of Cantilan as the research locale is based on the
availability of the therapeutic communication (TC) program for PDLs in the
correctional facility. The assessment aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this
program in improving the mental health and well-being of PDLs in the specific
context of Cantilan.
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
The respondents of this study will be the Person Deprived of Liberty (PDL). The
primary respondents of the study will be the PDLs who are participating in the
Therapeutic Communication (TC) program in the correctional facility in Cantilan.
Their perspectives and experiences will be crucial in evaluating the effectiveness
of the program in improving their mental health and overall well-being.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
The research instrument for an assessment of the Therapeutic Communication (TC)
program for Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL) in Cantilan, Surigao del Sur can include a
combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data. Below are some
possible research instruments that can be used:

Surveys/Questionnaires: Develop a structured survey or questionnaire to gather

quantitative data from the PDLs, program facilitators, correctional officers, staff, family
members, and local community members. The survey can include Likert-scale questions,
multiple-choice questions, and open-ended questions related to their perceptions,
experiences, and outcomes regarding the TC program. The questionnaire can be
administered face-to-face, through online platforms, or delivered as paper-based forms.
Document Analysis: Gather and analyze relevant documents such as program manuals,
intervention protocols, progress reports, and any available outcome data or evaluations
of the TC program. This secondary data analysis can provide insights into the program's
goals, objectives, strategies, and any existing data on client outcomes or changes in
behavior and mental health.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
Establishing the validity and reliability of the data collection process, developing study-
relevant questions, and making all required adjustments to the selected respondent.
Twenty (20) of the issued questionnaires will be successfully finished and returned. In
accordance with the consent of the respondents and the researchers, their
corresponding answers to the inquiry are thus retained. The information gathered was
arranged in accordance with the findings of the statistical analysis that would be
conducted.
 Phase I: Conducting of Interview
 Considering literature reviews
 Considering the demographic profile of respondents

Phase II: Handling Survey Questionnaire

 Constructing matrix
 Sorting of answers from the respondents

Phase III: Aggregating The Overall Evaluation Assessment

 Making use of the standard deviation
 Calculating weighted mean

Phase IV: Developing A Sensitivity Analysis

 Considering literature reviews
 Considering the demographic profile of respondents

Schematic Diagram of the Research Methodology

 REFERENCES CITED
Bagtaso, M. (2017). Therapeutic Community Modality Program to the Released Residents of Bureau of Jail Management and Penology in the Province of La Union.
Unpublished dissertation. University of the Cordilleras.

Baldonado, N. N., Demot, A. M. L., Villaflores, P. J. A., Dayag, G. G., Buado, E. L., Ramos, C. V., ... & Martinez, R. G. (2022). Physical Activity Participation of Persons
Deprived of Liberty in Santiago City District Jail, Philippines. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 1(2), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v1i2.114.

Banasen, W. (2015). Inmates’ welfare and Development Program of Baguio City Jail. Unpublished master’s thesis. Univerisity of Baguio.

Bennet, J. & Shuker, R. (2017). The potential of prison-based democratic therapeutic communities. International Journal of Prisoner Health. Vol:13 Issue 1.

Chavez, C. (2018). “BJMP pushes ALS for Jail Inmates” Manila B u l l e t i n . F r o m https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/06/06/bjmp-pushes-als-for-jail-inmate s/

Doe, J., Smith, M., & Jones, D. (2021). International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 64(1), 1-18.

Escabel, Erlinda B, et. Al. 2015. Effectiveness of Therapeutic Community Modality Program Implemented at Batangas City Jail, Philippines. European Journal of
Researchin Social Sciences. Vol. 3 No. 4, 2015. ISSN 2056-5429.
Fazel and Seewald (2012). Severe mental illness in 33,588 prisoners worldwide: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Fazel+and+Seewald+2012&btnG=
Fregonese, F. (2018). Community involvement in biomedical research conducted in the global health context; what can be done to make it really matter?. BMC
medical ethics, 19(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-018-0283-4

Green, S., Blue, L., & White, R. (2020). Rehabilitation in the quality of life factory: A pilot study. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 60(1), 1-16.

Hopkin G. Et.Al., (2018) Springer, Interventions at the Transition from Prison to the Community for Prisoners with Mental Illness: A Systematic Review
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10488-018-0848-z#article-info

Kullberg, A., Sharp, L., Johansson, H., & Bergenmar, M. (2015). Information exchange in oncological inpatient care–Patient satisfaction, participation,
and safety. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 19(2), 142–147.10.1016/j.ejon.2014.10.005

Laurindo, C. R., Leite, I. C. G., & Cruz, D. T. D. (2022). Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms in women deprived of liberty in Juiz de
Fora-MG, Brazil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 27, 4493-4509. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320222712.08952022EN

Ministry of Health,2011. Nursing Care Standards, A Reference Manual for Nurses and Health Care Managers in Ethiopia, second ed. Addis Abeba Ethiopia.

Nisar, M., Ullah, S., Ali, M., & Alam, S. (2015). Juvenile delinquency: The Influence of family, peer and economic factors on iuvenile delinquents. Applied Science
Reports, 9(1), 37-48.

Osei-Ntansah, K. (2014). An empirical analysis of Ghana’s public healthcare system from 1990 to 2010 ( Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix.
Perfas, F. B. (2012). Deconstructing the Therapeutic Community: A Practice Guide for Addiction Professionals. New York, USA: Hexagram Publishing.
Skeem, M. J., Manchak, S. M., & Logan, W. J. (2021). The role of community involvement in rehabilitation for persons deprived of liberty: A quality of life factory
approach. Law and Human Behavior, 45(2), 217-231. https://doi.org/10.1037/ hb0000483

Talpade M., Talpade C., & Marshall-Story E. (2012). Impact of Therapeutic Community Training on Knowledge and Attitudes of Correctional Officers,
International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Vol 17(1) 65-73

Vanderplasschen, W., et al. (2013). Therapeutic communities for addictions: a review of their effectiveness from a recovery-oriented perspective.
The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 427817.
Worrall, J. & Siegel, L. (2016). Introduction to criminal justice. 15th Edition. Boston, MA., USA: Cengage Learning.
 SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
This survey questionnaire is intended to collect data about the PDL towards their perspectives on the
therapeutic communication program assessment. The aim of this research is to investigate the situation
especially in relation to mental health of the person deprived of liberty (PDL) in Cantilan Surigao del Sur.

Direction: Please indicate the level of agreement or disagreement with each of the statement. Check ( ✓)
the box of your choice.
Name (Optional): .
Age: 18-25 ( ) 26-35 ( ) 36 and above ( )
Sex: Male ( ) Female ( )
Civil Status: Single ( ) Married ( ) Widowed ( ) Divorced ( )
Type of Criminal Case (Optional): .

Strongly Agree 5
Disagree 4
Neutral 3
Agree 2
Strongly Agree 1
 Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
Disagree (2) (3) (4) Agree
(1) (5)

1. I am experiencing severe
mental health issues

2. I encounter being
discriminated becuase of my
health condition

3. I am familiar with
treatments for common
mental health disorders

4. Health condition could

affect my present situation
5. I have difficulties in
approaching whom and
where abouts my health

6. I can easily communicate

with my family or relatives
regarding health matters

7. I am able to access
program services

8. I experienced having
irregular sleep patterns

9. I am not actively
interacting with other people

10. Therapeutic
communication program can
help to overcome health
problems
THANK YOU!