Parsapu Kamal Raj (201CV170), SWM Assignment

FOOD WASTE AND WASTED
SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT

IN NITK CAMPUS
BY PARSAPU KAMAL RAJ ( 201CV170 )
How much Food waste is generated in NITK ?
Each day, our three government hostel messes

generate over 500 kilograms of food waste. This waste
is collected, stored in blue tanks, and then transported
to NITK's bio-waste plants for efficient and sustainable
management. In this presentation, we'll delve into
NITK's solid waste management practices, with a
focus on handling food waste from hostel mess
facilities.
Bio waste recycle pilot plant project (BWRP)
The Bio Waste Recycle Pilot Plant (BWRP) at
NITK is a groundbreaking initiative designed
to tackle the daily food waste challenge in the
analytical campus, estimated at 500 to 550 kg
per day. This forward-thinking project aims to
generate 118 units of electricity or produce 35
m3 of biogas for cooking daily .by producing
high-quality renewable biogas from bio waste.
The BWRP not only addresses environmental
concerns but also maximizes the utilization of
nutrients in non-energy by-products, marking
a significant step towards a more sustainable
and efficient campus.
Process of the Bio Waste Recycling Pilot Project"
1. Collection from Mess:
● Organic waste is systematically
collected in smaller tanks from the
institute's mess, ensuring efficient
and organized waste management.
● Daily monitoring and segregation
practices ensure the purity of the
collected organic waste.
2. Transportation to Bio Waste Plant:
● The collected organic waste is
transported to the Bio Waste Recycle
Pilot Plant, ensuring a streamlined flow
from source to processing facility.
● Transportation logistics are optimized
for minimal environmental impact,
promoting sustainability.
3. Shredding and Crushing:
● A pre-processing step involves shredding
and crushing 500 kgs of food waste,
creating a finely textured mixture for
optimized subsequent processes.
● The shredding process is equipped with
safety measures to handle different types
of organic materials effectively.
4. Mixing Tank - 10:1 Ratio:
● In a carefully calibrated mixing
tank, crushed food waste and
water are combined in a 10:1
ratio, setting the stage for
enhanced downstream processing.
● The mixing process is automated,
ensuring consistent ratios and
promoting operational efficiency.
5. Hydrolysis in Hydrolyser Tank:
● The mixture undergoes hydrolysis in a
dedicated tank for 14 days, initiating
the breakdown of complex organic
compounds.
● Continuous monitoring during
hydrolysis ensures optimal conditions
for microbial activity and compound
breakdown.
6. Digestion in Digester:
● The hydrolyzed material is transferred to
a digester with 70% of cow dung (Or any
animal dung), where anaerobic digestion
occurs over 14 days. The digester
maintains a controlled temperature (30-
40°C) with insulation and a geyser.
7. Gas Purification and Sludge

Settlement:
● The collected gas is sent to two scrubbers
for purification. Below, sludge settles and
is directed to the sewage treatment plant.
8. First Scrubber - Water Removal:
● The first scrubber removes water from
biogas through density-based
separation, optimizing gas quality.
9. Second Scrubber - H2S Removal:

● The second scrubber employs iron
pellets to remove H2S from biogas,
with pellet replacement every 2-3
months for sustained efficiency.
● Regular maintenance schedules and
performance checks maintain the
scrubber's effectiveness in H 2S
removal.
10. Purified Gas to Single Balloon
System:
● Purified gas is directed to a single 1-
cubic meter balloon system. A
compressor pumps biogas to a
pressurized storage tank, producing
30-35 cubic meters daily from 500
kgs of food waste.
● The balloon system is equipped with
safety features to handle varying gas
pressures, ensuring reliable storage.
11. Pressurized Storage and Circulation:
● The pressurized storage tank accumulates and
circulates biogas back to the hostel mess
kitchen, providing a sustainable energy source
for daily cooking needs.
● Smart circulation systems optimize gas usage,
contributing to a greener and more cost-
effective cooking solution.
Sewage treatment plant (STL)
1. Collected tank :
The sludge from digester is passed to the
STL along with the sewage is collected in the
tank for the treatment
2. Flocculation tank:
a coagulant that activates the flocculation
process is added to the water and it is rapidly
mixed, so that the coagulant is circulated
throughout the water.
3. Aeration Tank:
An activated sludge process where air is added
into the water to encourage microbial growth.
The microbes in the water feed on the organic
material and form flocs that then settle out.
4. Sedimentation tank
Sedimentation tank allows suspended
particles to settle out of water or
wastewater as it flows slowly
through the tank, thereby providing
some degree of purification
5. Disinfection :
In this process of adding chlorine
to drinking water to kill
parasites, bacteria, and viruses.
Different processes can be used
to achieve safe levels of chlorine
in drinking water. Using or
drinking water with small
amounts of chlorine does not
cause harmful health effects and
provides protection against
waterborne disease outbreaks.
6. Carbon filter : 7. Sand Filter :
remove chlorine, volatile organic compounds, remove visible and suspended impurities
odors, and unpleasant tastes from water such as dirt, silt, and sand.
8. Circulated the water to the
community :
The treated water is used for watering
the plants , flushing purpose and
construction
9. Anaerobic digester tank :

Anaerobic digestion is a process
through which bacteria break down
organic matter wastewater biosolids
(sludge) , and food wastes—in the
absence of oxygen and produce the
Bio gas
Conclusion :
The Bio Waste Recycle Pilot Plant (BWRP) at NITK stands as a beacon
for effective solid waste management, converting daily 500 kgs of food
waste into renewable biogas. By harnessing 35 m3 of biogas or generating
118 units of electricity, it not only curtails environmental impact but also
underscores the importance of sustainable practices. The integrated
approach of recycling and utilizing non-energy byproducts contributes
significantly to the institution's commitment to responsible solid waste
management.
References :
● https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/oil-and-gas/maire-tecnimo
nt-inaugurates-bio-waste-recycling-pilot-plant-at-nitk-campus-in-surathkal/81
692310
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1n4Lw1l9I2E&t=23s
● https://www.tecnimont.it/en/sustainability/csr-projects-2021-2022/maire-tec
nimont-research-on-waste

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FOOD WASTE AND WASTED

SEWAGE SLUDGE MANAGEMENT

Each day, our three government hostel messes

7. Gas Purification and Sludge

9. Second Scrubber - H2S Removal:

9. Anaerobic digester tank :

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