LECTURE 4-Flow Control-IF & Switch

Sri Krishna Arts And Science College
Department of ICT
Course Title: PHP & MYSQL

Course Code: 19CSS22
Class : III BSc – Computer Technology “A”
Google Class room Code: 7cxe5v3
Online Material
Lecture 4: Flow Control-IF & SWITCH
Facilitator
B.Hemalatha
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Technology

SKASC
Objective
 if statement
 switch statement
Text Books
1. Rasmus Lerdorf, Kevin Tatroe, Bob Kaehms, RicMcGredy
(2020), Programming PHP, O’REILLY(SPD), 4th Edition.
2. Vikram Vaswani, 2017, “PHP A Beginners Guide”, Tata
McGrawHill
3. Lee Babin, Nathan A. Good, Frank M. Kromann, Jon
Stephens (2013), “PHP 5Recipes, A problem solution
approach”, après
Conditional statements
Topic: Conditional statements

Reference: Dani Krossing Channel
Conditional statements
Topic: Condional statements

Reference: HEaRt Drive Tutorial
Conditional Statements
 Conditional statements are used to perform different actions

based on different conditions.
 Very often when you write code, you want to perform different
actions for different conditions. You can use conditional
statements in your code to do this.
 if statement - executes some code if one condition is true
 if...else statement - executes some code if a condition is true
and another code if that condition is false
Conditional Statements
 if...elseif...else statement - executes different codes for more

than two conditions
 switch statement - selects one of many blocks of code to be
executed
if Statement
The if statement executes some code if one condition is true.

Syntax
if (condition) {
code to be executed if condition is true;
}
"Have a good day!" if the current
Example
time (HOUR) is less than 20:
<?php
$t = date("H");
if ($t < "20") {
echo "Have a good day!";
}
?>
if Statement
if...else Statement
if...else statement executes some code if a condition is true and

another code if that condition is false.
Syntax
if (condition) {
code to be executed if condition is true;
} else {
code to be executed if condition is false;
}
if...else Statement
if...else Statement-Example
<?php
$t = date("H");
if ($t < "20") {
} else {
echo "Have a good night!";
} time (HOUR) is less than 20:and
?> "Have a good night!" otherwise:
if...elseif...else Statement
The if...elseif...else statement executes different codes for more

than two conditions.
Syntax
if (condition) {
code to be executed if this condition is true;
} elseif (condition) {
code to be executed if first condition is false and this condition
is true;
} else {
code to be executed if all conditions are false; }
<?php
$t = date("H");
"Have a good morning!" if the
if ($t < "10") { current time is less than 10, and
echo "Have a good morning!"; time is less than 20. Otherwise it
will output "Have a good night!":
} elseif ($t < "20") {
} else {
echo "Have a good night!";
}
?>
Example
 Write a program to check even number.(Number entered by

user)
<?php
if(isset($_GET['save']))
{
if($_GET['n']%2==0)
echo $_GET['n']." is even number";
} }
?>
Example
 Write a program to check even number.(Number entered by

user)
<form method="get">
Enter Your number<input type="text" name="n"/><hr/>
<input type="submit" value="check number" name="save"/>
</form> Enter Your number

10
</body> 10 is even number
Fill up the coding
Output "Hello World" if $a is greater than $b.
$a = 50;
$b = 10;
__ (______> ______)
echo "Hello World";
}
Fill up the coding
Output "Hello World" if $a is NOT equal to $b.
$a = 50;
$b = 10;
__ (______> ______)____
echo "Hello World";
}
Fill up the coding
utput "Yes" if $a is equal to $b, otherwise output "No".
$a = 50;
$b = 10;
______($a == $b) {
echo "Yes";
_______
echo "No";
}
Fill up the coding
Output "1" if $a is equal to $b, print "2" if $a is greater than $b,
otherwise output "3".
$a = 50;
$b = 10;
_______($a == $b) {
echo "1";
}
______($a > $b) {
echo "2";
}
______ {
echo "3"; }
switch Statement
 Is used to perform different actions based on different
conditions.
 To select one of many blocks of code to be executed.
Syntax
switch (n) {
case label1:
code to be executed if n=label1;
break;
case label2:
break;
switch Statement
case label3:
break;
...
default:
code to be executed if n is different from all labels;
}
Important points to be noticed about switch case
 The default is an optional statement.
 Even it is not important, that default must always be the last

statement.
 There can be only one default in a switch statement.
 More than one default may lead to a Fatal error.
 Each case can have a break statement, which is used to

terminate the sequence of statement.
 The break statement is optional to use in switch.
 If break is not used, all the statements will execute after

finding matched case value.
Important points to be noticed about switch case
 PHP allows you to use number, character, string, as well as
functions in switch expression.
 Nesting of switch statements is allowed, but it makes the
program more complex and less readable.
 You can use semicolon (;) instead of colon (:). It will not
generate any error.
PHP Switch Flowchart
How it works
 First we have a single expression n (most often a variable),
that is evaluated once.
 The value of the expression is then compared with the values
for each case in the structure.
 If there is a match, the block of code associated with that case
is executed.
 Use break to prevent the code from running into the next case
automatically.
 The default statement is used if no match is found.
Example
<?php
$favcolor = "red";
switch ($favcolor) {
case "red":
echo "Your favorite color is red!";
break;
case "blue":
echo "Your favorite color is blue!";
break;
Example
case "green":
echo "Your favorite color is green!";
break;
default:
echo "Your favorite color is neither red, blue, nor green!";
}
?> Your favorite color is red!
Fill up the coding
------------ ($color)
{
----------"red":
echo "Hello";
break;
--------"green":
echo "Welcome";
break;
}
Fill up the coding
switch ($color) {
case "red":
echo "Hello";
break;
case "green":
echo "Welcome";
break;
_______
echo "Neither";
}
Do It Yourself
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Sri Krishna Arts And Science College

Course Title: PHP & MYSQL

Department of Computer Technology

Topic: Conditional statements

Topic: Condional statements

 Conditional statements are used to perform different actions

 if...elseif...else statement - executes different codes for more

The if statement executes some code if one condition is true.

if...else statement executes some code if a condition is true and

The if...elseif...else statement executes different codes for more

 Write a program to check even number.(Number entered by

echo $_GET['n']." is even number";

 Write a program to check even number.(Number entered by

Enter Your number<input type="text" name="n"/><hr/>

<input type="submit" value="check number" name="save"/>

</form> Enter Your number

echo "Hello World";

echo "Hello World";

code to be executed if n=label3;

code to be executed if n is different from all labels;

 Even it is not important, that default must always be the last

 More than one default may lead to a Fatal error.

 Each case can have a break statement, which is used to

 If break is not used, all the statements will execute after

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