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    Database

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    ksylviakinyanjui2

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    Database

    Uploaded by

    ksylviakinyanjui2
    6 views11 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6 views11 pages

    Database

    Uploaded by

    ksylviakinyanjui2

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Databases

    What it entails:
    • File based systems
    • Database Systems
    • Database Management Systems (DBMS)
    • Types of database management systems

    1
    File Based Systems
    DEFINITION
    • A collection of application programs that perform
    services to end users.
    • Each program defines and manages its own data.
    • Because of this, there are limits as to how that data
    can be used or transported.
    • File based systems were developed as better
    alternatives to paper based filing systems.
    • By having files stored on computers, the data could
    be accessed more efficiently. It was common
    practice for larger companies to have each of its
    departments looking after its own data. 2
    File Based Processing

    Data Entry File handling


    & Reports Routines
    File Definition
    Sales Files
    File handling
    Data Entry Routines
    & Reports
    File Definition
    Lease Files
    3
    Limitations of File
    Based Systems
    1.Data Separation and Isolation
    2.Data Dependence
    3.Data Duplication
    4.Incompatible Data (Different File Formats)
    5.Lack of Flexibility in Organizing and
    Querying the Data
    6.Increased Number of Different Application
    Programs
    4
    The Database Approach
    DEFINITION
    • A shared collection of logically related data
    designed to meet the information
    requirements of an organisation
    • The database became a shared central
    resource instead of being separate files in
    different departments.
    • The database also holds the definition of the
    data as well as the data itself.
    5
    Database Processing

    Data Entry
    & reports

    Sales Application
    Programs DBMS

    Data Entry Database


    & reports
    Leases App. Programs
    6
    Database Management System (DBMS)
    DEFINITION
    • A software system that enables users to define, create and
    maintain the database and which provides controlled
    access to the database
    • DBMS is a software for storing and retrieving user's data
    while considering appropriate security measures.
    • It consists of a group of programs that manipulate the
    database.
    • The DBMS accepts the request for data from an application
    and instructs the DBMS engine to provide the specific data.
    • In large systems, a DBMS helps users and other third-party
    software to store and retrieve data.
    7
    Components
    of a DBMS

    1.Hardware
    2.Software
    3.Data
    4.Procedures
    5.People

    8
    Advantages
    1.Minimal Data Redundancy
    2.Consistency
    3.Integration
    4.Improved Integrity
    5.Security
    6.Standards
    7.Increased Productivity

    9
    Disadvantages

    1. Complexity
    2. Additional Hardware Costs
    3. Size
    4. Performance
    5. Experts - Specialised Personnel
    6. Potential Organizational Conflict
    7. Higher Impact of Failure

    10
    Common Uses of
    Databases
    • Try to think why each of these need to use a
    database:
    – Supermarkets
    – Insurance
    – Credit Cards/Banking
    – Libraries
    – Travel Agents
    – Universities
    – Engineering

    11

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