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    14 views28 pages

    Chapter 1,2,3

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    You are on page 1of 28

    Automatic Control

    Eng: Youssef Augusto


    Chapter 1

    Introduction to Control System


    Control System
    • System: combination of different physical components that
    act together as an entire unit to achieve objects

    • Control: Regulation Arrangement

    • Control System: System that act as regulator by using


    different physical components
    Control System
    • Plant: Position of system that is to be controlled or
    regulated.
    • Controller: The element of the system itself or external to
    the system that control the plant.
    • Input: Applied signal or an excitation signal applied to
    control system from external source to produce specific
    output.
    • Output: The actual response obtained from control
    system.
    Control System
    • Disturbances: It is a signal that affect the value of output
    and it is classified internal or external disturbances.

    Input Plant Output

    Natural
    Non Linear
    Open Loop
    Control System Manual
    Closed Loop
    Man Made Linear

    Automatic
    Time Interval Time variance
    Control System
    • Natural Control: Biological System,
    Universe System
    • Man Made Control: Various systems
    that is used in our day and is
    classified by manual and automatic
    control
    The manual control is the system that
    the controller is a man.
    Control System
    The automatic control is the
    system that has a controller
    such as amplifier , relays , ...
    Control System
    • Open Loop system: System that output depends on
    input at controlling action or input is totally independant of
    output or change in output.
    Input signal Output
    Controller Process

    • Closed Loop: System that the controlling action of input


    is dependant on output or change output using feedback.
    error signal output
    Controller Process
    Input

    FeedBack
    Control System
    • Multivariable control System:
    System that contains multinumber of input and number of
    output.
    input output

    signal
    Controller Process

    FeedBack
    Control System
    • Comparison between open and closed loop:

    P.O.C Open Loop Closed Loop


    1. Simple in construction 1. High Accuracy
    2. Easy for maintainance 2. Sense the internal
    Advantages 3. Economical distributions
    4. Not troubled with problems of
    stability
    1. Inaccurate and unreliable 1. Complicated and time
    2. Cannot sense internal distributions consuming
    Disadvantages 2. Need more care for
    instablilty
    Examples
    Examples
    Examples
    Examples
    Chapter 2

    Laplace Transform
    Laplace Transform
    • Laplace can be defined as:

    For Example: find laplace transform of


    Laws
    Laws
    Examples
    Examples
    Examples
    Chapter 3

    Transfer Function
    Transfer Function

    Definition: Ratio between the laplace transform of output to


    the system of laplace transform of input assuming that all
    conditions is zero.
    r(t) g(t) R(s) G(s)
    System System
    Laplace transform of electrical components
    Laplace transform of mechanical components

    Suppose a mechanical system contains mass ,


    spring and damper

    In Spring:

    In Damper:

    In Mass:
    Examples

    Find the transfer function of the following circuit


    Examples
    Examples

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