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    The Self by Ancient Philosophers

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    giroaxcelcacho

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    The Self by Ancient Philosophers

    Uploaded by

    giroaxcelcacho
    25 views16 pages

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    25 views16 pages

    The Self by Ancient Philosophers

    Uploaded by

    giroaxcelcacho

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Lesson 1

    The Self According to Ancient


    Philosopher
    Socrates
    Aristotle
    Plato
     The self exists in 2 parts.
    1. PHYSICAL BODY - The
    physical, tangible, and
    mortal aspect of us that can
    be/is constantly changing.
    Socrates 2. SOUL - Soul which he
    believed to be immortal.
     He believed that when we are
    alive, our body and soul are
    attached. When we die,
    however, our body stays in the
    physical realm while our soul
    travels to the ideal realm.
     Socrates maintained that our
    Socrates true self is our SOUL.
     He is also known for his
    dictum, “IGNORANCE IS
    THE BEGINNING OF
    WISDOM” and for his advice,
    “KNOW THYSELF.”
     He is also famous for his quote,
    “THE UNEXAMINED LIFE
    Socrates IS NOT WORTH LIVING.”
     For Plato, the “self” is an
    “immortal soul in a mortal
    perishable body.”
     The soul has a tripartite
    nature:
    1. SOUL or an immortal or
    RATIONAL part
    Plato 2. Courageous or SPIRITED
    part
    3. APPETITIVE part
     In BOOK IV of Plato’s
    Republic, the soul is the
    “giver of life to the body.”
     The body is just a shell of the
    soul.

    Plato
     For Aristotle, the self is
    composed of :
    1. Body and Soul
    2. Mind and Matter
    3. Sense and Intellect
    4. Passion and Reason

     Reason is supreme in a
    Aristotle human person and so should
    govern of all life’s activities.
     When the senses, the lower
    nature of a human person,
    dominate person’s life, he/she
    tends to live a chaotic life.
     When reason rules over the
    senses, mind over matter, the
    human person tends to live a
    happy life.
    Aristotle
     For him, perfection and
    happiness come from wisdom
    and virtue.
     Wisdom – true knowledge
     Virtue – doing what is best for
    you
     Wisdom and virtue will lead
    to own perfection and
    Aristotle happiness.
     He taught the theory of
    GOLDEN MEAN which
    means moderation; avoid
    extremes; avoid too much;
    and avoid too little.

    Aristotle
    TIME FOR
    REFLECTION!!!
    “Know thyself” was Socrates advice.
    Considering the nature of your self, share
    an experience that proves that you do not
    know yourself.
    Reflect on Socrates’ statement, “The
    unexamined life is not worth living.”
    Think of your personal experience where
    you spent time examining your life. Is it
    really worth your time? Why or why not?

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