CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY - G

ENERAL QUESTIONS

ASKED IN
COMPETITIVE EXAMS
1. TO DETERMINE THE MODULUS OF RUPTURE, THE SIZE
OF TEST SPECIMEN USED IS
A) 150 X150 X500 MM
B) 100 X100 X700 MM
C) 150 X150 X700 MM
D) 100 X100 X500 MM
ANS: C
2. THE PROPERTY OF FRESH CONCRETE,
IN WHICH THE WATER IN THE MIX TENDS
TO RISE TO THE SURFACE
WHILE PLACING AND COMPACTING, IS
CALLED
A) SEGREGATION
B) BLEEDING
C) BULKING
D) CREEP
ANS: B
 3. Select the incorrect statement
 a) Lean mixes bleed more as compared to rich
ones.
 b) Bleeding can be minimized by adding
pozzuolana finer aggregate.
 c) Bleeding can be increased by addition 'of
calcium chloride.
 d) none of the above
 Ans: d
 4. The property of the ingredients to separate
from each other while placing the concrete is
 called
 a) segregation
 b) compaction
 c) shrinkage
 d) bulking
 Ans: a
 5. Workability of concrete is directly
proportional to
 a) aggregate cement ratio
 b) time of transit
 c) grading of the aggregate
 d) all of above
 Ans: c
 6. Workability of concrete is inversely
pro¬portional to
 a) time of transit
 b) water-cement ratio
 c) the air in the mix
 d) size of aggregate
 Ans: a
 7. Approximate value of shrinkage strain in
concrete, is
 a) 0.003
 b) 0.0003
 c) 0.00003
 d) 0.03
 Ans: b
8. Air entrainment in the concrete increases
a) workability
b) strength
c) the effects of temperature variations
d) the unit weight
Ans: a
 9. The relation between modulus of rupture
fcr, splitting strength fcs and direct tensile
 strength fcl is given by
 a) tcr -rcs = tct
 b) fcr>fcs>fc.
 C) fcr
 d) fc5>fcr>fC.
 Ans: b
 10. The approximate value of the ratio between
direct tensile strength and flexural strength
 is
 a) 0.33
 b) 0.5
 c) 0.75
 d) 1.0
 Ans: b
 11. Strength of concrete increases with
 a) increase in water-cement ratio
 b) increase in fineness of cement
 c) decrease in curing time
 d) decrease in size of aggregate
 Ans: b
12. The relation between modulus of rupturefcr and
characteristic strength of concrete fck is
given by
a) fcr=0.35Vf7
b) fcr=0.57f7
c) fcr=0.7Vf7
d) fcr=1.2Vf7
where fcr and fck are in N/mm2'
Ans: c
 13. The compressive strength of 100 mm cube
as compared to 150 mm cube is always
 a) less
 b) more
 c) equal
 d) none of the above
 Ans: b
 14. According to IS : 456 -1978, the modulus of
elasticity of concrete Ec (in N/mm2) can be
 taken as
 a) Ec = = 5700
 b) Ec = = 570
 c) Ec = = 5700fck
 d) Ec = where fck N/mm2 = 700 is the
characteristic strength in
 Ans: a
 15. Increase in the moisture content in con-
crete
 a) reduces the strength
 b) increases the strength
 c) does not change the strength
 d) all of the above
 Ans: a
 16. As compared to ordinary portland cement,
use of pozzuolanic cement
 a) reduces workability
 b) increases bleeding
 c) increases shrinkage
 d) increases strength
 Ans: c
 17. Admixtures which cause early setting, and
hardening of concrete are called
 a) workability admixtures
 b) accelerators
 c) retarders
 d) air entraining agents
 Ans: b
 18. The most commonly used admixture which
prolongs the setting and hardening time is
 a) gypsum
 b) calcium chloride
 c) sodium silicate
 d) all of the above
 Ans: a
 19. The percentage of voids in cement is
approximately
 a) 25%
 b) 40%
 c) 60%
 d) 80%
 Ans: b
 20. The strength of concrete after one year as
compared to 28 days strength is about
 a) 10 to 15% more
 b) 15 to 20% more
 c) 20 to 25% more
 d) 25 to 50% more
 Ans: c
 21. As compared to ordinary portland cement,
high alumina cement has
 a) higher initial setting time but lower final
setting time
 b) lower initial setting time but higher final
setting time
 c) higher initial and final setting times
 d) lower initial and final setting times
 Ans: a
 22. Modulus of rupture of concrete is a
measure of
 a) flexural tensile strength
 b) direct tensile strength
 c) compressive strength
 d) split tensile strength
 Ans: a
 23. In order to obtain the best workability of
concrete, the preferred shape of aggregate is
 a) rounded
 b) elongated
 c) angular
 d) all of the above
 Ans: a
 24. The effect of adding calcium chloride in
concrete is
 i) to increase shrinkage
 ii) to decrease shrinkage
 iii) to increase setting time
 iv) to decrease setting time
 The correct answer is
 a) (i) and (iii)
 b) (i)and(iv)
 c) (ii) and (iii)
 d) (ii) and (iv)
 Ans: b
 25. Bulking of sand is maximum if moisture
content is about
 a) 2 %
 b) 4%
 c) 6%
 d) 10%
 Ans: b
 26. Finer grinding of cement
 a) affects only the early development of
strength
 b) affects only the ultimate strength
 c) both (a) and (b)
 d) does not affect the strength
 Ans: a
 27. Poisson's ratio for concrete
 a) remains constant
 b) increases with richer mixes
 c) decreases with richer mixes
 d) none of the above
 Ans: b
 28. 1% of voids in a concrete mix would
reduce its strength by about
 a) 5%
 b) 10 %
 c) 15%
 d) 20%
 Ans: a
29. The fineness modulus of fine aggregate is in
the range of
a) 2.0 to 3.5
b) 3.5 to 5.0
c) 5.0 to 7.0
d) 6.0 to 8.5
Ans: a
 30. The factor of safety for
 a) steel and concrete are same
 b) steel is lower than that for concrete
 c) steel is higher than that for concrete
 d) none of the above
 Ans: b
 31. Examine the following statements :
 i) Factor of safety for steel should be based on its
yield stress,
 ii) Factor of safety for steel should be based on its
ultimate stress,
 iii) Factor of safety for concrete should be based on
its yield stress,
 iv) Factor of safety for concrete should be based on its
ultimate stress.
 The correct statements are
 a) (i) and (iii)
 b) (i)and(iv)
 c) (ii) and (iii)
 d) (ii) and (iv)

 32. For a reinforced concrete section, the shape
of shear stress diagram is
 a) wholly parabolic
 b) wholly rectangular
 c) parabolic above neutral axis and rectangular
below neutral axis
 d) rectangular above neutral axis and parabolic
below neutral axis
 Ans: c
 33. Diagonal tension in a beam
 a) is maximum at neutral axis
 b) decreases below the neutral axis and
increases above the neutral axis
 c) increases below the neutral axis and
decreases above the neutral axis
 d) remains same
 Ans: c
 34. If a beam fails in bond, then its bond
strength can be increased most economi-cally
by
 a) increasing the depth of beam
 b) using thinner bars but more in number
 c) using thicker bars but less in number
 d) providing vertical stirrups
 Ans: b
 35. If nominal shear stress tv exceeds the design shear
strength of concrete xc, the nominal
 shear reinforcement as per IS : 456-1978 shall be
provided for carrying a shear stress equal
 to
 a) xv
 b) xc
 c) xv - TC
 d) Tv + Tc
 Ans: c
 36. If the depth of actual neutral axis in a beam
is more than the depth of critical neutral axis,
 then the beam is called
 a) balanced beam
 b) under-reinforced beam
 c) over-reinforced beam
 d) none of the above
 Ans: c
 37. If the depth of neutral axis for a singly
reinforced rectangular section is represented
by
 kd in working stress design, then the value of
k for balanced section
 a) depends on as, only
 b) depends on aCbC only
 c) depends on both crst and acbc
 d) is independant of both ast and acbc where d
is the effective depth, ast is per-missible
 stress in steel in tension and ocbc is
permissible stress in concrete in bend¬ing
compression.
 38. If the permissible stress in steel in tension is 140
N/mm2, then the depth of neutral axis for
 a singly reinforced rectangular balanced section
will be
 a) 0.35 d
 b) 0.40 d
 c) 0.45 d
 d) dependent on grade of concrete also
 Ans: b
 39. Modulus of elasticity of steel as per IS :
456-1978 shall be taken as
 a) 20 kN/cm2
 b) 200 kN/cm2
 c) 200kN/mm2
 d) 2xl06N/cm2
 Ans: c
 40. Minimum grade of concrete to be used in
reinforced concrete as per IS:456-1978 is
 a) M15
 b) M20
 c) M 10
 d) M25
 Ans: a
 41. For concreting of heavily reinforced sections
without vibration, the workability of concrete
 expressed as compacting
 factor should be
 a) 0.75-0.80
 b) 0.80-0.85
 c) 0.85 - 0.92
 d) above 0.92
 Ans: d
 42. Maximum quantity of water needed per 50
kg of cement for M 15 grade of concrete is
 a) 28 litres
 b) 30 litres
 c) 32 litres
 d) 34 litres
 Ans: c
 43. In case of hand mixing of concrete, the
extra cement to be added is
 a) 5%
 b) 10%
 c) 15%
 d) 20%
 Ans: b
 44. For walls, columns and vertical faces of all
structural members, the form work is
 generally removed after
 a) 24 to 48 hours
 b) 3 days
 c) 7 days
 d) 14 days
 Ans: a
 45. The individual variation between test
strength of sample should not be more than
 a) ±5% of average
 b) ± 10% of average
 c) ± 15% of average
 d) ±20% of average
 Ans: c
 46. One of the criteria for the effecvve width
of flange of T-beam is bf =—+ bw +6Df 6
 In above formula, l0 signifies
 a) effective span of T-beam
 b) distance between points of zero mo-ments
in the beam
 c) distance between points of maximum
moments in the beam
 d) clear span of the T-beam
 Ans: b
 47. For a cantilever of effective depth of 0.5m,
the maximum span to satisfy vertical
 deflection limit is
 a) 3.5 m
 b) 4 m
 c) 4.5 m
 d) 5 m
 Ans: a
 48. For a simply supported beam of span 15m,
the minimum effective depth to satisfy the
 vertical deflection limits should be
 a) 600 mm
 b) 750 mm
 c) 900 mm
 d) more than 1 m
 Ans: b
 49. For a continuous slab of 3 m x 3.5 m size,
the minimum overall depth of slab to satisfy
 vertical deflection limits is
 a) 50 mm
 b) 75 mm
 c) 100 mm
 d) 120 mm
 Ans: b
 50. According to IS : 456-1978, the fiexural
strength of concrete is
 a) directly proportional to compressive strength
 b) inversely proportional to compressive strength
 c) directly proportional to square root of
compressive strength
 d) inversely proportional to square root of
compressive strength
 Ans: c
 51. According to IS : 456-1978, the cblumn or
the strut is the member whose effective length
 is greater than
 a) the least lateral dimension
 b) 2 times the least lateral dimension
 c) 3 times the least lateral dimension
 d) 4 times the least lateral dimension
 Ans: c
 52. According to IS : 456- 1978, minimum
slenderness ratio for a short column is
 a) less than 12
 b) less than 18
 c) between 18 and 24
 d) more than 24
 Ans: a
 53. Lap length in compression shall not be less
than
 a) 15 4>
 b) 20 <}>
 c) 24 (j)
 d) 30 (j)
 where (j) is diameter of bar
 Ans: c
 54. The minimum cover in a slab should neither
be less than the diameter of bar nor less
 than
 a) 10 mm
 b) 15 mm
 c) 25 mm
 d) 13 mm
 Ans: b
 55. For a longitudinal reinforcing bar in a
column, the minimum cover shall neither be less
 than the diameter of bar nor less than
 a) 15 mm
 b) 25 mm
 c) 30mm
 d) 40 mm
 Ans: d
 56. The ratio of the diameter of reinforcing
bars and the slab thickness is
 a) 1/4
 b) 1/5
 c) 1/6
 d) 1/8
 Ans: d
 57. According to IS: 456-1978, the maximum
reinforcement in a column is
 a) 2 %
 b) 4%
 c) 6 %
 d) 8 %
 Ans: c
 58. The percentage of reinforcement in case of
slabs, when high strength deformed bars
 are used is not less than
 a) 0.15
 b) 0.12
 c) 0.30
 d) 1.00
 Ans: b
 59. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
 a) Minimum cross sectional area of longitudinal reinforcement in a
column is 0.8%.
 b) Spacing of longitudinal bars measured along the periphery of
column should not exceed
 300 mm.
 c) Reinforcing bars in a column should not be less than 12 mm in
diameter.
 d) The number of longitudinal bars pro-vided in a circular column
should not be less than
 four.
 Ans: d
 60. Which of the following statements is
incorrect ?
 a) Higher Vee-Bee time shows lower workability.
 b) Higher slump shows higher workability.
 c) Higher compacting factor shows higher
workability.
 d) none of the above
 Ans: d
 61. Minimum pitch of transverse
reinforce¬ment in a column is
 a) the least lateral dimension of the member
 b) sixteen times the smallest diameter of
longitudinal reinforcement bar to be tied
 c) forty-eight times the diameter of transverse
reinforcement
 d) lesser of the above three values
 Ans: d
 62. Maximum distance between expansion
joints in structures as per IS : 456 - 1978 is
 a) 20 m
 b) 30 m
 c) 45 m
 d) 60 m
 Ans: c
 63. A continuous beam is deemed to be a deep
beam when the ratio of effective span to
 overall depth (1/D) is less than
 a) 1.5
 b) 2.0
 c) 2.5
 d) 3.0
 Ans: c
 64. Critical section for shear in case of flat slabs
is at a distance of
 a) effective depth of slab from periphery of
column/drop panel
 b) d/2 from periphery of column/capital/ drop
panel
 c) at the drop panel of slab
 d) at the periphery of column
 Ans:b
 65. Minimum thickness of load bearing RCC
wall should be
 a) 50 mm
 b) 100 mm
 c) 150 mm
 d) 200 mm
 Ans:b
 66. If the storey height is equal to length of
RCC wall, the percentage increase in strength
is
 a) 0
 b) 10
 c) 20
 d) 30
 Ans: b
 67. In reinforced concrete footing on soil, the
minimum thickness at edge should not be less
 than
 a) 100 mm
 b) 150 mm
 c) 200 mm
 d) 250 mm
 Ans:b
 68. The slab is designed as one way if the ratio
of long span to short span is
 a) less than 1
 b) between 1 and 1.5
 c) between 1.5 and 2
 d) greater than 2
 Ans: d
 69. Ratio of permissible stress in direct
compression and bending compression is
 a) less than 1
 b) between 1 and 1.5
 c) between 1.5 and 2.0
 d) greater than 2
 Ans: a
 70. A higher modular ratio shows
 a) higher compressive strength of con-crete
 b) lower compressive strength of concrete
 c) higher tensile strength of steel
 d) lower tensile strength of steel
 Ans:b
 71. The average permissible stress in bond for
plain bars in tension is
 a) increased by 10% for bars in compression
 b) increased by 25% for bars in compression
 c) decreased by 10% for bars in compression
 d) decreased by 25% for bars in com-pression
 Ans:b
 74. In working stress design, permissible bond
stress in the case of deformed bars is more
 than that in plain bars by
 a) 10%
 b) 20%
 c) 30%
 d) 40%
 Ans: d
 75. The main reason for providing number of
reinforcing bars at a support in a simply
 supported beam is to resist in that zone
 a) compressive stress
 b) shear stress
 c) bond stress
 d) tensile stress
 Ans: c
 76. Half of the main steel in a simply supported slab is
bent up near the support at a
 distance of x from the centre of slab bearing where x is
equal to
 a) 1/3
 b) 1/5
 c) 1/7
 d) 1/10
 where 1 is the span
 Ans:c
 77. When shear stress exceeds the permissible
limit in a slab, then it is reduced by
 a) increasing the depth
 b) providing shear reinforcement
 c) using high strength steel
 d) using thinner bars but more in number
 Ans: a
 78. If the size of panel in a flat slab is 6m x 6m,
then as per Indian Standard Code, the widths
 of column strip and middle strip are
 a) 3.0 m and 1.5 m
 b) 1.5 m and 3.0 m
 c) 3.0 m and 3.0 m
 d) 1.5 m and 1.5 m
 Ans:c
 79. For a slab supported on its four edges with
corners held down and loaded uniformly, the
 Marcus correction factor to the moments obtained
by Grashoff Rankine's theory
 a) is always less than 1
 b) is always greater than 1
 c) can be more than 1
 d) can be less than 1
 Ans: a
 80. The permissible diagonal tensile stress in
reinforced brick work is
 a) about 0.1 N/mm2
 b) zero
 c) 0.3 N/mm2 to 0.7 N/mm2
 d) about 1.0 N/mm2
 Ans: a
 81. The limits of percentage p of the
longitudinal reinforce-ment in a column is
given by
 a) 0.15% to 2%
 b) 0.8% to 4%
 c) 0.8% to 6%
 d) 0.8% to 8%
 Ans: c
 82. The minimum diameter of longitudinal
bars in a column is
 a) 6 mm
 b) 8 mm
 c) 12 mm
 d) 16 mm
 Ans:c
 83. The minimum cover to the ties or spirals
should not be less than
 a) 15 mm
 b) 20 mm
 c) 25 mm
 d) 50mm
 Ans: c
 84. The load carrying capacity of a helically
reinforced column as compared to that of a tied
 column is about
 a) 5% less
 b) 10% less
 c) 5% more
 d) 10% more
 Ans:c
 86. The diameter of ties in a column should be
 a) more than or equal to one fourth of diameter
of main bar
 b) more than or equal to 5 mm
 c) more than 5 mm but less than one-fourth of
diameter of main bar
 d) more than 5 mm and also more than one-
fourth of diameter of main bar
 Ans: d
 87. Due to circumferential action of the spiral in
a spirally reinforced column
 a) capacity of column is decreased
 b) ductility of column reduces
 c) capacity of column is decreased but ductility
of column increases
 d) both the capacity of column and ductility of
column increase
 Ans: d
 88. Maximum percentage reinforcement in
case of slabs is limited to
 a) 2
 b) 4
 c) 6
 d) 8
 Ans: b
 89. Which of the following R.C. retaining walls
is suitable for heights beyond 6m?
 a) L-shaped wall
 b) T-shaped wall
 c) counterfort type
 d) all of the above
 Ans: c
 90. For the design of retaining walls, the
minimum factor of safety against overturning is
 taken as
 a) 1.5
 b) 2.0
 c) 2.5
 d) 3.0
 Ans: b
 91. In counterfort type retaining walls
 i) the vertical slab is designed as a continuous slab
 ii) the heel slab is designed as a conti¬nuous slab
 iii) the vertical slab is designed as a cantilever
 iv) the heel slab is designed as a cantilever
 The correct answer is
 a) (i) and (ii)
 b) (i)and(iv)
 c) (ii) and (iii)
 d) (iii) and (iv)
 Ans:a
 92. A T-shaped retaining wall mainly conssits
of
 a) one cantilever
 b) two cantilevers
 c) three cantilevers
 d) four cantilevers
 Ans: c
 93. In T-shaped R C. retaining walls, the main
reinforcement in the stem is provided on
 a) the front face in one direction
 b) the front face in both directions
 c) the inner face in one direction
 d) the inner face in both directions
 Ans:c
 94. The main reinforcement in the toe of a T- shaped R C. retaining
wall is provided on
 i) top face parallel to the wall
 ii) top face perpendicular to the wall
 iii) bottom face paralleUo the wall
 iv) bottom face perpendicular to the wall
 The correct answer is
 a) only (ii) is correct
 b) (i) and (ii) are correct
 c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
 d) only (iv) is correct
 Ans: d
 95. The temperature reinforcement in the vertical
slab of a T-shaped R.C. retaining wall is
 a) not needed
 b) provided equally on inner and front faces
 c) provided more on inner face than on front face
 d) provided more on front face than on inner face
 Ans: d
 96. The main reinforcement in the heel of a T-
shaped R.C. retaining wall is provided on
 a) top face perpendicular to wall
 b) bottom face perpendicular to wall
 c) both top and bottom faces perpendi-cular to
wall
 d) none of the above
 Ans: a
 97. In a counterfort retaining wall, the main reinforcement is
provided on the
 i) bottom face in front counterfort
 ii) inclined face in front counterfort
 iii) bottom face in back counterfort
 iv) inclined face in back counterEort
 The correct answer is
 a) (i) and (ii),
 b) (ii) and (iii)
 c) (i) and (iv)
 d) (iii) and (iv)
 Ans: c
 98. In counterfort retaining walls, the main
reinforcement in the stem at support is
 a) not provided
 b) provided only on inner face
 c) provided only on front face
 d) provided both on inner and front faces
 Ans: b
 99. In the design of a front counterfort in a counterfort retaining
wall, the main reinforcement
 is provided on
 i) bottom face near counterfort
 ii) top face near counterfort
 iii) bottom face near centre of span
 iv) top face near centre of span The correct answer is
 a) only (i)
 b) only (ii)
 c) both (i) and (iv)
 d) both (ii) and (iii)
 Ans: c
 100. In a counterfort retaining wall, the main
reinforcement in the stem at mid span is provided
 on
 a) front face only
 b) inner face only
 c) both front face and inner face
 d) none of the above
 Ans: a
 101. The depth of footing for an isolated column is
governed by
 i) maximum bending moment
 ii) shear force
 iii) punching shear The correct answer is
 a) only (i)
 b) (i)and(ii)
 c) (i) and (iii)
 d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
 Ans: d
 102. If the foundations of all the columns of a structure
are designed on the total live and
 dead load basis, then
 a) there will be no settlement of columns
 b) there will be no differential settlement
 c) the settlement of exterior columns will be more than
interior columns
 d) the settlement of interior columns will be more than
exterior columns
 Ans:c
 103. To minimise the effect of differential
settlement, the area of a footing should be
designed
 for
 a) dead load only
 b) dead load + live load
 c) dead load + fraction of live load
 d) live load + fraction of dead load
 Ans: c
 104. The critical section for finding maximum
bending moment for footing under masonry wall
 is located
 a) at the middle of the wall
 b) at the edge of the wall
 c) halfway between the middle and edge of the wall
 d) at a distance equal to effective depth of footing
from the edge of the wall
 Ans: c
 105. In a pile of length /, the points of
suspen¬sion from ends for lifting it are located
at
 a) 0.207 1
 b) 0.25 /
 c) 0.293 /
 d) 0.333 /
 Ans: a
 106. During erection, the pile of length / is
supported by a crane at a distance of
 a) 0.207 /
 b) 0.293 /
 c) 0.7071
 d) 0.793 /
 from the driving end of pile which rests on the
ground
 Ans: c
 107. While designing the pile as a column, the
end conditions are nearly
 a) both ends hinged
 b) both ends fixed
 c) one end fixed and other end hinged
 d) one end fixed and other end free
 Ans: c
 108. The recommended value of modular ratio
for reinforced brick work is
 a) 18
 b) 30
 c) 40
 d) 58
 Ans: c
 109. According to ISI recommendations, the
maximum depth of stress block for balanced
 section of a beam of effective depth d is
 a) 0.43 d
 b) 0.55 d
 c) 0.68 d
 d) 0.85 d
 Ans: a
 110. Assertion A : The load factor for live load is greater than
that for dead load.
 Reason R : The live loads are more uncertain than dead
loads.
 Select your answer based on the coding system given below :
 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of
A.
 b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
of A.
 c) A is true but R is false.
 d) A is false but R is true.
 Ans: a
 111. The centroid of compressive force, from the
extreme compression fibre, in limit state
 design lies at a distance of
 a) 0.367 xu
 b) 0.416 xu
 c) 0.446 xu
 d) 0.573 xu
 where xu is the depth of neutral axis at the limit state of
collapse
 Ans: b
 112. The design yield stress of steel according to
IS: 456-1978 is
 a) 0.37 fy
 b) 0.57 fy
 c) 0.67 fy
 d) 0.87 fy
 where fy is the characteristic yield strength of
steel
 Ans: d
 113. According to Whitney's theory, ultimate
strain of concrete is assumed to be
 a) 0.03%
 b) 0.1%
 c) 0.3%
 d) 3%
 Ans: c
 114. According to Whitney's theory, depth of stress
block for a balanced section of a concrete
 beam is limited to
 a) 0.43 d
 b) 0.537 d
 c) 0.68 d
 d) 0.85 d
 where d is effective depth of beam[ES 2k]
 Ans: b
 115. The load factors for live load and dead
load are taken respectively as
 a) 1.5 and 2.2
 b) 2.2 and 1.5
 c) 1.5 and 1.5
 d) 2.2 and 2.2
 Ans:b
 116. As per Whitney's theory, the maximum moment of
resistance of the balanced section of a
 beam of width b and effective
 depth d is given by
 a) ^acybd2
 b) ^acybd2
 c) 0.185acybd2
 d) 0.43acybd2
 where acy is the cylinder compressive strength of concrete
 Ans: b
 127. The effect of creep on modular ratio is
 a) to decrease it
 b) to increase it
 c) either to decrease or to increase it
 d) to keep it unchanged
 Ans: b
 128. Shrinkage of concrete depends upon
 i) humidity of atmosphere
 ii) passage of time
 iii) stress The correct answer is
 a) (i) and (ii)
 b) (ii) and (iii)
 c) only (iii)
 d) All (i), (ii) and (iii)
 Ans: a
 129. Due to shrinkage stresses, a simply
supported beam having reinforcement only at
 bottom tends to
 a) deflect downward
 b) deflect upward
 c) deflect downward or upward
 d) none of the above
 Ans: a
 130. In symmetrically reinforced sections,
shrinkage stresses in concrete and steel are
 respectively
 a) compressive and tensile
 b) tensile and compressive
 c) both compressive
 d) both tensile
 Ans: b
 131. A beam curved in plan is designed for
 a) bending moment and shear
 b) bending moment and torsion
 c) shear and torsion
 d) bending moment, shear and torsion
 Ans: d
 132. In a spherical dome subjected to concentrated
load at crown or uniformly distributed
 load, the meridional force is
 always
 a) zero
 b) tensile
 c) compressive
 d) tensile or compressive
 Ans: c
 133. Sinking of an intermediate support of a continuous beam
 i) reduces the negative moment at support
 ii) increases the negative moment at support
 iii) reduces the positive moment at centre of span
 iv) increases the positive moment at centre of span The correct
answer is
 a) (i) and (iii)
 b) (i)and(iv)
 c) (ii) and (iii)
 d) (ii) and (iv)
 Ans: b
 134. The maximum value of hoop compression in a
dome is given by
 a) wR / 4d
 b) wR/2d
 c) wR/d
 d) 2wR/d
 where, w = load per unit area of surface of dome R =
radius of curvature d = thickness of
 dome
 Ans: b
 135. In a spherical dome the hoop stress due to
a concentrated load at crown is
 a) compressive everywhere
 b) tensile everywhere
 c) partly compressive and partly tensile
 d) zero
 Ans:b
 136. In a ring beam subjected to uniformly distributed load
 i) shear force at mid span is zero
 ii) shear force at mid span is maximum
 iii) torsion at mid span is zero
 iv) torsion at mid span is maximum The correct answer is
 a) (i) and (iii)
 b) (i)and(iv)
 c) (ii) and (iii)
 d) (ii) and (iv)
 Ans:a
 137. In prestressed concrete
 a) forces of tension and compression change but lever arm
remains unchanged
 b) forces of tension and compressions remain unchanged
but lever arm changes with the
 moment
 c) both forces of tension and compres-sion as well as lever
arm change
 d) both forces of tension and compres-sion as well as lever
arm remain unchanged
 Ans: b
 138. The purpose of reinforcement in
prestressed concrete is
 a) to provide adequate bond stress
 b) to resist tensile stresses
 c) to impart initial compressive stress in
concrete
 d) all of the above
 Ans: c
 139. Normally prestressing wires are arranged
in the
 a) upper part of the beam
 b) lower part of the beam
 c) centre
 d) anywhere
 Ans: b
 140. Most common method of prestressing
used for factory production is
 a) Long line method
 b) Freyssinet system
 c) Magnel-Blaton system
 d) Lee-Macall system
 Ans:a
 141. Select the incorrect statement
 a) The loss of prestress is more in pre-tensioning system
than in post-tensioning system.
 b) Pretensioning system has greater certainty about its
durability.
 c) For heavy loads and large spans in buildings or
bridges, post-tensioning system is
 cheaper than pretensioning system
 d) none of the above
 Ans:d
 142. Which of the following losses of prestress
occurs only in pretensioning and not in
posttensioning
 ?
 a) elastic shortening of concrete
 b) shrinkage of concrete
 c) creep of concrete
 d) loss due to friction
 Ans: a
 143. Prestress loss due to friction occurs
 a) only in post-tensioned beams
 b) only in pretensioned beams
 c) in both post-tensioned and preten-sioned
beams
 d) none of the above
 Ans:a
 145. Which of the following has high tensile
strength ?
 a) plain hot rolled wires
 b) cold drawn wires
 c) heat treated rolled wires
 d) all have same tensile strength
 Ans: b
 146. High carbon content in the steel causes
 a) decrease in tensile strength but increase in
ductility
 b) increase in tensile strength but decrease in
ductility
 c) decrease in both tensile strength and ductility
 d) increase in both tensile strength and ductility
 Ans:b
 147. Stress strain curve of high tensile steel
 a) has a definite yield point
 b) does not show definite yield point but yield
point is defined by 0.1% proof stress
 c) does not show definite yield point but yield
point is defined by 0.2% proof stress
 d) does not show definite yield point but yield
point is defined by 2% proof stress,
 Ans: c
 148. Select the correct statement
 a) Elastic modulus of high tensile steel is nearly
the same as that of mild steel.
 b) Elastic modulus of high tensile steel is more
than that of mild steel.
 c) Carbon percentage in high carbon steel is less
than that in mild steel.
 d) High tensile steel is cheaper than mild steel.
 Ans:a
 149. Cube strength of controlled concrete to be
used for pretensioned and post-tensioned
 work respectively should not be less than
 a) 35 MPa and 42 MPa
 b) 42 MPa and 35 MPa
 c) 42 MPa and 53 MPa
 d) 53 MPa and 42 MPa
 Ans: b
 150. Ultimate strength of cold drawn high steel
wires
 a) increases with increase in diameter of bar
 b) decreases with increase in diameter of bar
 c) does not depend on diameter of bar
 d) none of the above
 Ans: b