Environmental Education

TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT
POLLUTION – SOIL /LAND

POLLUTION
Presented by,
Nandana.A.S
Roll no:40
Department of English
INTRODUCTION
 Pollution is the introduction of substances or energy that

cause adverse changes in the environment and living
entities.
 There are different types of environment pollution like
air pollution,water pollution,soil pollution,noise
pollution,etc.
 Amongst them soil pollution,also called soil
contamination,refers to the degradation of land due to
the presence of chemicals or other man-made substances
in the soil.
TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT
POLLUTION
 Generally pollution is classified either
according to the environment like
air,water,land,light in which it occurs or
according to the pollutant like
mercury,carbondioxide,solid waste,noise,
biocide,heat,etc by which pollution is caused.
 Thesecause disturbances not only in the
environment but also in the living entities.
LAND OR SOIL POLLUTION
 Soil is very important environmental component

for human, animals and plants.
 Itis the basic medium for food, vegetation and
natural resources.
 Itis also the base for the development of human
culture and civilization.
 There are various aspects and components of soils-
texture, structures,moisture,profiles and horizons.
DEFINITION OF SOIL POLLUTION
 “The contamination of soil with excess of chemicals,

fertilizers, insecticides,herbicides is known as soil
pollution.”
 The decrease in the quality of soils either due to human
activities or natural sources or by both is known as soil
pollution or soil degradation.
 Soil pollution is caused due to soil erosion,decrease in
plant nutrients,decrease in soil micro organisms,excess or
deficit of moisture content,high fluctuation of
temperature,etc.
SOURCES OF SOIL POLLUTION
The major sources of soil pollution are’

 Deforestation
 Soil erosion
 Soil eruption
 Forest fires
 Excessive use of chemicals fertilizers, pesticides,
insecticides and herbicides.
 Dumping of industrial and urban wastes.
 Water-logging and seeping.
CATEGORISATION OF THE SOURCES
OF SOIL POLLUTION
The sources of soil pollution may be classified as
under:
 Physical sources:-eg:-soil erosion,volcanic eruption,
forest fire, deforestation.
 Biologicalsources:-eg:-the micro-organisms,bacteria
and protozoa.
 Air-born sources:-eg:-thermal power plants,
radiations from industries and factories and nuclear
radiations.
 Biocides sources:-eg:-Chemical fertilizers and
pesticides destroy micro-organisms, organic
phosphate compounds.
 Urban and industrial sources:-eg:-Urban wastes such
as paper,wood,plastic, polythene bags,packing
materials, discharged sewage etc pollute the soil.
 Among the industrial sources of soil pollution,the
important ones are paper mills,sugar mills,oil
refineries,industries manufacturing chemicals,iron
and steel,plastic materialsand rubber
products,dyeing units, tanneries,saw mills,cotton
mills,etc.
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF SOIL
POLLUTION
1. Soil pollutants directly affect the micro-
organisms in the land.
2. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides, plastic
materials and rubber destroy the organic
phosphate compounds in the soil,due to which
the soil loses its normal texture and capacity
to retain water, resulting in the decreased
quality and fertility of the soil.
3. Soil pollutants affect the ground water
resources.
4. Soil pollutants lead to soil erosion which
converts the fertile soil into waste land.
5. Soil pollution results in the decrease in
agricultural production.
6. Crops growing in polluted soil become a
cause for ill-health in human beings.
7. Radiational wastes harm human and
animal health.
8. Urban wastes are the eyesores,affecting
health and hygiene.
MEASURES TO CONTROL SOIL
POLLUTION
It is very essential to control and prevent soil pollution
because the existence of man, animals and vegetation depend
upon the quality of soil.The essential commodities required
for man, animals and plants come from soil.The following are
the suggested measures to control soil pollution.
 The garbage and night soil can be converted into compost
manures by cobalt and nickel techniques.Urban and
industrial wastes could be safely disposed,not to reach the
agricultural lands.
 Avoiding as far as possible chemicals fertilizers, pesticides
and herbicides;resorting to organic farming using ‘green
manures’ and ‘bio-fertilizers’.
 Restricting the use of D.D.T
 Industriesemitting smoke and ashes are to
be identified and monitored by pollution
control agencies.
 Avoidingmono-culture and adopting crop
rotation suitably.
 Ensuring proper crop management and land
use
 Byencouraging recycling of wastes, solid
wastes getting mixed with soil could be
prevented to a large extent.
 Reclamation of soil helps to reduce soil
pollution.
 Educating the farmers about the proper use
of fertilizers and biocides.
 Developing awareness in the public about
controlling soil pollution.
CONCLUSION
 Soilpollution is an environmental issue that

touches on all aspects of life
 Soilpollution is mainly caused by human
activity,which can be controlled.
 This type of pollution not only disturb the
fertility of lands but also cause the
contamination of underground water sources.
 Therefore effective steps should be taken to
stop it in order to prevent the harmful effect of
this pollution.

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TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT

POLLUTION – SOIL /LAND

 Pollution is the introduction of substances or energy that

 Soil is very important environmental component

 “The contamination of soil with excess of chemicals,

The major sources of soil pollution are’

 Soilpollution is an environmental issue that

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