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    10.4 Properties of Alkanes: Publishing As Benjamin Cummings

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    10.4 Properties of Alkanes: Publishing As Benjamin Cummings

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    garciajeremiah070
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    8 views8 pages

    10.4 Properties of Alkanes: Publishing As Benjamin Cummings

    Uploaded by

    garciajeremiah070

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chapter 10 Introduction to Organic

    Chemistry: Alkanes
    10.4
    Properties of Alkanes

    Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc.


    Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

    1
    Some Properties of Alkanes

    Alkanes are
    • nonpolar.
    • insoluble in water.
    • less dense than water.
    • flammable in air.

    2
    Some Properties of Alkanes

    Alkanes with 1-4 carbon


    atoms are
    • methane, ethane,
    propane, and butane.
    • gases at room
    temperature.
    • used as heating fuels.

    3
    Some Properties of Alkanes

    Alkanes with 5-8 carbon atoms are


    • liquids at room temperature.
    • pentane, hexane, heptane, and octane.
    • very volatile.
    • used to make gasoline.

    Alkanes with 9-17 carbon atoms


    • are liquids at room temperature
    • have higher boiling points.
    • are found in kerosene, diesel, and jet fuels.

    4
    Some Properties of Alkanes

    Alkanes with 18 or more carbon atoms


    • have high molar masses.
    • are waxy solids at room temperature.
    • used in waxy coatings of fruits and
    vegetables.

    5
    Combustion

    In combustion reactions,
    • alkanes react with oxygen.
    • CO2, H2O and energy are produced.
    Alkane + O2 CO2 + H2O + heat

    6
    Learning Check

    Write a balanced equation for the


    complete combustion of propane.

    7
    Solution

    Unbalanced equation
    C3H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O
    Balance C
    C3H8 + O2 3CO2 + H2O
    Balance H
    C3H8 + O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
    Balance O
    C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O (Balanced)
    8

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