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Lecture #6 - Radiation

Lecture #6 - Radiation

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44 views8 pages

Lecture #6 - Radiation

Lecture #6 - Radiation

Uploaded by

dlo0106bron
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Heat Transfer

Radiation
- mode of heat transfer through electromagnetic wave.
Sample of electromagnetic waves are; Radio waves, Light
waves, thermal radiation, X ray, visible light, microwave,
infrared, gamma rays, etc.
- Anything whose temperature is above the surrounding will
always radiate of significant amount.
- The Radiant heat exchange between two surfaces can be
computed from the Stefan-Boltzmann Law.
Radiation
FORMULA:

Q = 𝐞 𝛔 𝐀 (𝐓 )
𝟒
or Q = 𝐞𝛔𝐀¿

Where:
Q = heat transfer due to radiation, Watts or J/s
e = emissivity factor (from 0 to 1.0)
e = the ratio of radiation emitted of a given object (real body)
Φr and a black body Φb at the same temperature
σ = Stefan–Boltzmann constant = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4
A = area, m2
T1 = absolute temperature of the surface radiating the heat, K
T2 = absolute temperature of the surface receiving the heat, K
The Concept of a Perfect Black Body
- Perfect Black Body is a body that absorbs all
electromagnetic radiation. It absorbs all wavelength such
no reflection occurs
- When radiant energy falls on a body, part may be absorbed,
part reflected, and the remainder transmitted through the
body. In mathematical form;

𝐚 + 𝐫 + 𝐭 =𝟏
Where:
a = absorptivity or the fraction of the total energy absorbed
r = reflectivity or the fraction of the total energy reflected
t = transmitted or fraction of the total energy transmitted through the body
SAMPLE PROBLEMS

1. At what rate does the sun lose energy by


radiation? If the temperature of the sun is about
6000 K and its radius is 6.95 x 10 5 km.

Given: Req’d:

T = 6000 K Q by radiation
rsun = 6.95 x 105 km
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
2. A steam pipe having a surface temperature of 3000°C
passes through a room where the temperature is 25°C. The
outside diameter of pipe is 100 mm and the emissivity
factor is 0.60. Determine the radiated heat loss for a 5 m
pipe length.

Given: Req’d:

t1 = 3000°C Q by radiation in Watts


t2 = 25°C
d = 100 mm
e = 0.6
Lpipe = 5 m
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
3. An insulated steam pipe passes through a room in which the air
and walls are 25°C. The outside diameter of the pipe is 70 mm,
and the surface temperature and emissivity are 200°C and 0.8,
respectively. If the coefficient associated with free convection heat
transfer from the surface to the air is 15 W/m 2-K, what is the rate
of heat loss from the surface per unit length of pipe?

Given: Req’d:

t1 = 200°C Q by radiation in W/m


t2 = 25°C
d = 70 mm
e = 0.8
hC = 15 W/m2-k
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
4. A black thermocouple measures the temperature in a
chamber with black walls. If the air around the thermocouple
is at 20°C, the walls are at 100°C, and the heat transfer
coefficient between the thermocouple and the air is 15
W/m2-K, what temperature will the thermocouple read?

Given: Req’d:

t1 = 100°C Temperature reading by


t2 = 20°C the thermocouple in °C?
hC = 15 W/m2-k

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