CHESS

by Junje Cedeño
What is Chess?
Chess is one of the oldest and most popular
board games. It is played by two opponents on
a checkered board with specially designed
pieces of contrasting colours, commonly white
and black.
Objective of the
game:
To win the game of chess, a player must
capture the opponent's king. This is known as
"Checkmating" the king. Whenever the king is
attacked, he is in check and must be so
warned by the opponent.
Chessbo
ard
A chessboard is a
gameboard used to
play chess. It consists
of 64 squares, 8 rows
by 8 columns, on
which the chess pieces
are placed. It is square
in shape and uses two
colours of squares,
one light and one
dark, in a chequered
pattern.
Chess pieces:
Pawn
The Pawn is the most
numerous and weakest
piece in the game of
chess. It may move one
vacant square directly
forward, it may move two
vacant squares directly
forward on its first move,
and it may capture one
square diagonally forward.
Pawn's
Movem
ent
The Pawn moves
directly forward, never • Movement
backward or to the
side. Pawns move • Capture
exactly one square
forward; though each
Pawn may advance two
squares forward the
first time it is moved.
Pawns capture a piece
that is one square
diagonally forward.
Knight
The Knight is the most
special piece in chess,
having a flexibility
that makes it a
powerful piece. The
knight is the only
piece on the board
that may jump over
other pieces.
s
Movem
ent
The Knight moves two
squares horizontally
or vertically and then
one more square at a
right-angle. Knights
capture enemy pieces
by replacing them on
their square.The
knight's move is
shaped as an “L”.
Bishop
The Bishop is a piece
in the game of chess.
It moves and captures
along diagonals
without jumping over
intervening pieces.
Each player begins
the game with two
bishops.
s
Movem
ent
The Bishop moves
and captures along
diagonals without
jumping over
intervening pieces.
Rook
The Rook is a piece in the
game of chess. It may
move any number of
squares horizontally or
vertically without
jumping, and it may
capture an enemy piece
on its path; additionally, it
may participate in
castling. Each player starts
the game with two rooks,
one in each corner on
their own side of the
board.
Rook's
Movem
ent
The Rook may move
any number of
squares horizontally
or vertically without
jumping, and it may
capture an enemy
piece on its path.
Queen
The Queen is the most
powerful piece in the game
of chess. It can move any
number of squares vertically,
horizontally or diagonally,
combining the powers of the
rook and bishop. Each player
starts the game with one
queen, placed in the middle
of the first rank next to the
king. Because the queen is
the strongest piece, a pawn
is promoted to a queen in
the vast majority of cases.
Queen's
Movem
ent
The Queen can move
any number of
squares vertically,
horizontally or
diagonally.
King
The King is the most
important piece in the game
of chess. It may move to any
adjoining square; it may also
perform a move known as
castling. If a player's king is
threatened with capture, it is
said to be in check, and the
player must remove the threat
of capture on the next move.
If this cannot be done, the
king is said to be in
checkmate, resulting in a loss
for that player. A player
cannot make any move that
places their own king in check.
King's
Movem
ent
The King can move to
any adjoining square.
Castling
Castling is a move in chess. It consists of moving the king two
squares toward a rook on the same rank and then moving the
rook to the square that the king passed over. Castling is
permitted only if neither the king nor the rook has previously
moved; the squares between the king and the rook are
vacant; and the king does not leave, cross over, or finish on a
square attacked by an enemy piece. Castling is the only move
in chess in which two pieces are moved at once.
Castling with the king's rook is called kingside castling, and
castling with the queen's rook is called queenside castling.
Castling
En Passant
En passant is a special method of capturing in chess
that occurs when a pawn captures a horizontally
adjacent enemy pawn that has just made an initial
two-square advance. The capturing pawn moves to
the square that the enemy pawn passed over, as if
the enemy pawn had advanced only one square. The
rule ensures that a pawn cannot use its two-square
move to safely skip past an enemy pawn.
Capturing en passant is permitted only on the turn
immediately after the two-square advance; it cannot
be done on a later turn.
En Passant
Pawn Promotion
Pawn promotion is the replacement of a Pawn with a
new piece when the pawn is moved to its last rank.
The player replaces the pawn immediately with a
Queen, Rook, Bishop, or Knight of the same color.The
new piece does not have to be a previously captured
piece.Promotion is mandatory; the pawn cannot
remain as a pawn.
Promotion to a queen is known as queening;
promotion to any other piece is known as
underpromotion.
Pawn Promotion
Board
Set-Up
1. Lay out the light square in
the bottom-right corner
2. Set up the pawns on the
second rank
3. Put your rooks in the corners
4. Place your knights next to
the rooks
5. Bishops go next to knights
6. Queen goes on her color
7. Place your king in the last
square available
8. Don't forget, white moves
first!
Game Phases
Opening- chess opening or simply an opening is the
initial stage of a chess game. It usually consists of
established theory.
Common aims in opening play:
• Development of pieces
• Control of the center
• King safety
• Prevention of pawn weakness
• Piece coordination
Game Phases
Middle Game- the middlegame is the portion of a
chess game between the opening and the endgame.
It is generally considered to begin when each player
has completed the development of all or most of their
pieces and brought their king to relative safety, and it
is generally considered to end when only a few pieces
remain on the board. However, there is no clear line
between the opening and middlegame or between
the middlegame and endgame. At master level, the
opening analysis may go well into the middlegame;
likewise, the middlegame blends into the endgame.
Game Phases
Endgame- is a chess term used to describe the final
moves of a game of chess. It is preceded by the opening
and the middlegame, and ends in checkmate or
stalemate.
The line between the endgame and the middlegame is
often unclear, but usually occurs when there are few
pieces on the board, or when important pieces are
exchanged. During the endgame, players have different
strategic concerns than in the previous stages of the
game. Pawns become more important as players try to
achieve promotion and kings can become powerful tools,
eliminating pieces one by one.
Game Endings
Checkmate- checkmate occurs when a king that is in
check cannot move out of check, block the check
with other pieces, or capture the checking piece. It
signifies the end of the game. The checkmate is the
primary and the only aim in a chess game. However,
in games with grandmasters, checkmate rarely
occurs, because in the most games a player resigns
before that happens, or a draw is agreed. The word
checkmate comes from Shah Mat, a Persian word
meaning that the King is captured or dead.
Game Endings
Stalemate- stalemate is a situation in chess where
the player whose turn it is to move is not in check
and has no legal move. Stalemate results in a draw.
During the endgame, stalemate is a resource that can
enable the player with the inferior position to draw
the game rather than lose. In more complex
positions, stalemate is much rarer, usually taking the
form of a swindle that succeeds only if the superior
side is inattentive.Stalemate is also a common theme
in endgame studies and other chess problems.
Game Endings
Draws- in chess, there are a number of ways that a game
can end in a draw, neither player winning. Draws are
codified by various rules of chess including stalemate
(when the player to move is not in check but has no legal
move), threefold repetition (when the same position
occurs three times with the same player to move), and
the fifty-move rule (when the last fifty successive moves
made by both players contain no capture or pawn move).
Under the standard FIDE rules, a draw also occurs in a
dead position (when no sequence of legal moves can lead
to checkmate), most commonly when neither player has
sufficient material to checkmate the opponent.
 End of the
Presentation
Thank You!