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velocity-and-acceleration-analysis

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Atul Pandey
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10 views

Fdocuments - in - Velocity and Acceleration Analysis

velocity-and-acceleration-analysis

Uploaded by

Atul Pandey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WELCOME

A technical seminar on

“VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION


ANALYSIS”
(GRAPHICAL METHOD)

BY
N.SUDHEER
M.TECH-MACHINE DESIGN
16481D1509
GUDLVAALLERU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
IMPORTANCE:

 Design and analysis of machinery and


mechanisms relies heavily on the skill and ability
of a designer to visualize relative motion between
machine components.

 With the ever increasing use of high speed


machines, velocity and acceleration analysis have
become indispensible in machine design process.
VELOCITY ANALYSIS:

There are two methods to determine the velocity


and acceleration of links in a mechanism by
graphical analysis, namely:

1. Relative velocity method, and

2. Instantaneous centre method (I- centre


method).
ABSOLUTE vs. RELATIVE VELOCITY:

1.ABSOLUTE VELOCITY:

An absolute velocity is the velocity of a point measured


from a fixed point (normally the ground or anything
rigidly attached to the ground and not moving).

2. RELATIVE VELOCITY:

Relative velocity is the velocity of a point measured


relative to another point that may itself be moving.
MOTION OF LINK:

If the length of the link is


r, then the velocity of
point B relative to the
point A is given by

VBA= r × ɷ
Steps to draw velocity diagram (graphical method):

The following points are to be considered while solving


problems by this method:
 Draw the configuration diagram to a suitable scale.

 Locate all fixed points in the mechanism as a


common point in velocity diagram.

 Choose a suitable scale for the vector diagram of


velocity.
Cond…

 The velocity vector of each rotating link is r to the


link.

 Velocity of each link in mechanism has both


magnitude and direction. Start from a point whose
magnitude and direction is known.

 The points of the velocity diagram are indicated by


small letters.
Example problem:1
Solution:
Example problem:2
ACCELERATION ANALYSIS:

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with


respect time.

When a body or link moves in a circular path it has


two components of acceleration namely,
Tangential, and
Normal components of acceleration.
The rate of change of velocity of link along
the circular rotational path is known as
tangential component of acceleration, ft .

The tangential acceleration is always in a


direction perpendicular to the radius of
rotation and is thus tangent to the path of
motion.
The rate of change of velocity of link
normal to the direction of rotational path is
known as normal component of
acceleration or centripetal acceleration or
radial acceleration, fn or fr or fc.
ACCELERATION OF A LINK:
Steps to draw acceleration diagram:

 Choose the suitable scale for acceleration


diagram.

 Locate the fixed points as the common points in


acceleration diagram.

 The total acceleration of any point with respect to


any other point is along the line joining them.
 The radial component of acceleration of one
point with respect to another point is along the
line joining them, where as the tangential
component is perpendicular to the line joining
them.

 Ifa point is moving along a straight line its radial


component of acceleration is zero with respect to
a point(which is on the same straight line).
Example:

Fig: Space and Velocity diagrams of Slider-crank mechanism


Fig: Acceleration diagram
CONCLUSION:
 Kinematic analysis of a mechanism consists of
calculating position, velocity and acceleration of
any of its points or links. To carry out such an
analysis, we have to know linkage dimensions as
well as position, velocity and acceleration of as
many points or links as degrees of freedom the
linkage has.
 After knowing the D.O.F’s, velocity and
acceleration behavior only we may be able to
design a mechanism for dynamic conditions.
THANK YOU

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