Carrying out

Measurements and
Calculations
Module 5-Week 5
After working on this module, you will be able
to:

1. Read a 2. Perform 3. Calculate

rule in both linear the area,
metric and measuremen volume,
English ts. perimeter,
system of circumferenc
measuremen e, lateral
t. surface
 Directions: Read each of the following questions carefully, and write the
letter of the correct answer on your TLE notebook.

1. What is the system of measurement that uses inch, foot and yard?
A. Decimal system
B. English system
C. Metric system
D. System international

2. What is the system of measurement that uses millimeter (mm), centimeter

(cm), meter (m) and kilometer (km)?
A. Decimal system
B. English system
C. Metric system
D. System international
3.In conversion of linear measurements, how many inches is one meter?
A. 29.37 inches
B. 36.37 inches
C. 39.37 inches
D. 40 inches

4. How many inches are two feet?

A. 6 inches
B. 12 inches
C. 18 inches
D. 24 inches

5. How many feet is one meter?

A. 2.281 feet
B. 3.281 feet
C. 3.182 feet
D. 3.30 feet
Module
Carrying out Measurements
5 a n d Calculations
 M E A S U R E G I V E N M AT E R I A L S .

Measuring the materials needs a skill in rule reading both in English and
metric system of measurement.

Rule reading is a basic skill in carpentry. Every carpenter should know

how to read the rule. A rule is composed of two systems of
measurements namely:

1. English system – uses inch, foot and yard. There are 16 graduations
per inch.

2. Metric system – uses millimeter (mm), centimeter (cm), meter (m)

and kilometer (km).
M E A S U R E G I V E N M AT E R I A L S .
M E A S U R E G I V E N M AT E R I A L S .
Exercise 2.1Measure the following objects. Write
the measurement on your TLE notebook.

1. Size of your TLE notebook ( use centimeter)

2. Length of your ballpoint pen ( use inches)
3. Your height (use meter)
 Structural plan is scaled in metric system. Every
carpenter should know how to convert from English
system to metric system of measurement and vice versa.

1. 1 cm is equivalent to 10 millimeters.
2. 1 meter is equivalent 100 cm and also equivalent
to 1,000 millimeters.
3. 1 kilometer is equivalent to 1,000 meters and also
equivalent to 100,000 meters.
 4. 1 meter is equivalent to 3.281 feet.
5. 1 meter is equivalent to 39.37 inches.
6. 1 inch is equivalent to 2.54 centimeters.
7. 1 yard is equivalent to 3 feet and also equivalent
to 36 inches.
8. 1 foot is equivalent to 12 inches.
Activity 2.2 Self- Assessment
Directions: Convert each of the following measurements as indicated.

1. 75 cm = ________meter

2. 5 feet = ________ meters

3. 3 meters = ________ feet

4. 4.50 meters = ________ inches

5. 30 inches = ________ centimeters
Calculation of Area, Volume, Perimeter,
Circumference and Lateral Surface Area
Geometrical shapes are necessary in the
computation of area, volume, perimeter,
circumference and lateral surface area. They help
the learner to visualize the shape of structural part of
a building to determine the materials needed.
1. Square is a polygon having four Sample Problem
equal sides. To solve the area of
a square, we

have the formula A=s² where s 5 cm

stands for the side of a square. A
Perimeter is a line

that enclosed the shape. Using the formula A=s²

Substitute the value = (5 cm)²
= 25 square centimeters

Solve for the perimeter P=4S

=4
(5 cm)
= 20 cm
 Sample Problem

2. Rectangle is a
polygon having two
pairs of parallel 5m
sides that are equal. 10 m
To solve the area of Using the formula A=L x W
a rectangle, we Substitute the value = 5meters
x 10 meters
have the formula, Answer= 50 square meters
A= L x W, where L is Solve for the perimeter
the length and W is P=2L + 2W
= 2(5 m) + 2(10 m)
the width of the =10 m + 20 m
figure. = 30 meters
 Sample Problem

3. Triangle is a 4m
a
c

three-sided polygon. b 3m
To solve the area of Using the formula A=1/2BH
=0.5 (3m x 4m)
a triangle, we have = 0.5 x 12 square meters
= 6 square meters
the formula, A = ½
To determine the perimeter:
bh, where b is the P=S1 +S2 +S3where side c is missing.

base and h is the To determine the missing side C:

=√( 〖 (4m) 〗 ^(2 )+ 〖 (3m) 〗 ^2 )

height or altitude of C = √(a^(2 )+ b^2 )

the triangle. = √(16 sq.m.+9sq.m.)

=√(25 sq.meters)
= 5 meters
Therefore, the perimeter is:
P=S1 +S2 +S3
Substitute the value
=3m +4m + 5m
= 12 meters
4. Parallelogram is
a quadrilateral in
which both pairs of Sample Problem
opposite edges are of h10 inches h 10 cm
equal length. To
b 20 inches
solve the area of a Using the formula A = bh
parallelogram, use = 10 inches x 20 inches
the formula A= bh.
 Sample Problem:
5. Trapezoid is a
quadrilateral with two
b 15cm
non-adjacent parallel
sides. To solve the h 10 cm
a 25 cm
area of a trapezoid: Using the formula:
A= (a + b) x h2 A= (a + b) x h
2
= (25 cm + 15 cm) x 10 cm
2
= 20 cm x 10 cm
= 200 sq. cm
6. Circle is a geometric
figure consisting of the set of
points in the plane that are Using the formula:
equally distant from the center. A = ¶ r² 20 m

The fixed point is called the = 3.14 (10 m) ²

center. A line segment joining = 3.14 x 100 sq. cm
the center to any point on the = 314 sq.cm
circle is called a radius (r) which To determine the circumference of
is one-half of the diameter. A a circle:
straight line between two points C = ¶D or C = 2¶r
on the circumference (C) of a C = ¶D or C = 2¶r
circle that passes through the = 3.14 x 20 cm = 2 (3.14 x 10
center is called diameter (D). To cm) = 62.8 cm = 2 x 31.4 cm
solve the area of a circle, use
the formula
1. A = ¶ r² where the value of pi
is 3.14.
7. Cube is a regular polyhedron
having six identical square
faces. To solve the volume
of a cube, use the formula
V = s³.

To calculate the volume of the

cube:

V = s³
= (3 m) ³
11
= 27 cubic meters
8. Rectangular
Parallelepiped. To calculate the
volume: V = L x W x T
Sample Problem

L 30 cm

T 10 cm

W 12 cm

To compute the volume:

V=LxWxT
= 30 cm x 12 cm x 10 cm
= 3,600 cubic cm
9. Cylinder. To calculate the Sample Problem:
volume of a cylinder, use the
formula V = ¶ r²x h, where h is To compute the volume
the height of the cylinder. V = ¶ r² x h
= 3.14 (1.5 m) ² x 5 m h5m

= 3.14 (2.25 sq. m) x 5 m

3m
= 3.14 x 11.25 cubic meter

= 35.325 cubic meter

To compute the Lateral
Surface Area (LSA) of a
cylinder:
LSA = 2¶r x h
= 2 (3.14 x 1.5 m) x 5 m
= 2 (4.71 m x 5 m)
= 2 x 23.55 square meter
= 47.1 square meter
Summary of Formulas

1. Area of a Square ……………………… A=s²

2. Perimeter of a Square ………….…... P=4S

3. Area of a Rectangle…………………… A= L x W

4. Perimeter of a Rectangle ……………. P=2L + 2W

5. Are of a Triangle ………………………A = ½ bh

6. Perimeter of a Triangle………………. P=S1 +S2 +S3

7. Missing Side C of Triangle ………….. C=√ 2 + 2

8. Area of a Parallelogram………………... A= bh A= (a + b)x h

2
9. Area of a Trapezoid …………………….

10. Area of a Circle ………………………. A = ¶ r²

11. Circumference of a Circle …………… C = ¶D or C= 2¶r

12. Volume of a Cube ……………………. V = s³

13. Volume of a Rectangular Parallelepiped V=LxWxT

14. Volume of a Cylinder…………………. V = ¶ r² x h

15. Lateral Surface Area of a Cylinder….. LSA = 2¶r x h

Activity 2.3.1 Self- Assessment
Directions: On your TLE notebook, write your answer to the following
problems. Show your solution.

1. Compute the area of a square floor having a side of 12 centimeters.

2. Calculate the area of a rectangular floor having a length of 3.5
meters and a width of 2.5 meters.
3. Determine the volume of water in a cylindrical water tank having
a diameter of 0.80 meters and a height of 1.5 meters.
4. A rectangular concrete post has a length of 3 meters, a width of
0.20 meters and a thickness of 0.30 meters. Calculate the volume of the
post.
 .

Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the
correct answer on your TLE notebook.

Column A Column B
______ 1. Perimeter of a Square A. 2¶r x h
______ 2. Perimeter of a Rectangle B. ¶ r² x h

______ 3. Area of a Triangle C. s³

______4. Missing Side C of Triangle 2 D. ¶D

______5. Area of Trapezoid E. (a + b) x h

______ 6. Area of a Circle F. a² + b²

______ 7. Circumference of a Circle G.4S

______ 8. Volume of a Cube H. ½ bh

______ 9. Volume of a Cylinder I.2L + 2W

 What I Have Learned

There are two systems of measurements,

the_____________that uses inches and feet and
the _______________that uses millimeter,
centimeter and meter. There are ________graduations
in one inch.
Measure and Calculate
Directions: On your TLE notebook, solve for the area and
volume of the court.

1. Measure the basketball court of your barangay and

compute the area (The unit is meter).
2. After getting the area, ask your barangay captain about
the thickness of cement and compute the volume of the court.
I. MATCHING TYPE: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the
letter of the correct answer on your TLE notebook.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. Volume of a Cube A. bxh
2. Volume of a Rectangular Parallelepiped B. S1 + S2 + S3
3. Area of a Parallelogram C. π r² h
4. Volume of a Cylinder D. 3.281 feet
5. Area of a Square E. 4S
6. Circumference of a Circle F. LxWxT
7. Area of a Circle G. 2.54 c m
8. Perimeter of a Rectangle H. S³
9. 1 inch I. S²
10. 1 meter
J. π r²
K. 2πr
xh
L. πD
M. 2L +
2W
I. MATCHING TYPE: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the
letter of the correct answer on your TLE notebook.
COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Volume of a Cube A. bxh

2. Vo l u m e of a Rectangular Parallelepiped B. S1 + S2 + S3
3. Area of a Parallelogram C. π r² h
4. Volume of a Cylinder D. 3.281 feet
5. Ar ea of a Square E. 4S
6. Circumference of a Circle F. LxWxT
7. Area of a Circle G. 2.54 c m
8. Perimeter of a Rectangle H. S³
9. 1 i n c h I. S ²
10. 1 m e t e r J. π r²
K. 2πr x h
L. πD
M. 2L +
2W
Additional Activities 17

Directions: Determine the total area of

the following combined figures.

9m

8m

4m

4m2m