Dr.

Pushkar Nachane
M.D SCHOLAR
DEPT. OF R.S.B.K
BHALLATAKA- SEMECARPUS
ANACARDIUM
• Family: Anacardiaceae
• Semecarpus: The genus name "Semecarpus" is derived from the Greek words
"semi," meaning half, and "carpos," meaning fruit. This may refer to the structure
of the fruit or nut of the plant.
• Anacardium: The species name "anacardium" is derived from the
Greek word "anacardion," which is a combination of "ana," meaning
up or without, and "kardia," meaning heart. "without a heart" or
"heartless," possibly referring to the absence of a true seed within the
nut, as the nut itself is the seed.
Names in different languages:

• Hindi name — Bhilawa, belatak, bhela, bhilava

• English name — Marking nut, Ink nuts
• Tamil name — cenkottai, arutkaram, ceraankottai, erimuki, sengottai, seraangottai.
• Kannada name — aginimukhi, bhallataka,chera, gerkayi,kerubija.
• Malayalam name — alakkuceru, cera, cerkkotta, shengotta, thenkotta.
• Urdu name - baladur, bhilanvana.
• Persian name — biladur.
• Arab name -beladin, hab-el-kalb.
• Telugu name -bhallaathaki, gudova,jeedi, thummeda maamidi, shenta, simidi.
• Marathi name — bibba, bibha, bibo, bibwa.
Classical categorization

Charaka
• Deepaneeya — Group of herbs that promotes digestion
• Bhedaniya — group of herbs that cause mild purgation,
• Kushtaghna — group of herbs that are useful in skin diseases
• Mutrasangrahaneeya — group of herbs that cause urine retention.
Sushruta and Vagbhata
• Nyagrodhadi, Mustadi gana.
• Rasa (taste) — Katu (pungent), Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
• Guna (qualities) — Laghu (light to digest), Teekshna (piercing),
Snigdha (Unctuous)
• Vipaka — Madhura — undergoes sweet taste conversion after
digestion.
• Veerya — Ushna — hot in potency
 Phtyo- Chemicals:
• Bhilawan Oil: The nut contains a toxic oil known as bhilawan oil, which
is primarily composed of phenolic compounds.
• Cardanol: This is a phenolic lipid found in the nut oil.
Anti-inflammatory activity –
Methanolic, ethanolic, chloroform, ethyl acetate andpetroleum ether extracts
of fruits of SA proved to haveanti-inflammatory activity in albino rats. The
extracts howed significant anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the
reference standard aspirin

Antiatherogenic effect –
Semecarpus anacardium (SA) shows antioxidantproperty. It has capacity to
scavenge the superoxide and hydroxyl radicals at low concentrations. The
process of atherogenesis initiated by peroxidation of lipids in low-density
lipoproteins was also found inhibited by SA
Nootropic activity: Nuts of SA, extracted with milk,proved mainly for its
locomotor and nootropic activities in different experimental animal models.
(Improve human thinking,learning and memory)
Antimicrobial activity
Alcoholic extract of dry nuts of SA (Bhallatak) showed bactericidal activity in
vitro against gram negative strains (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi) and two
gram positive strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium diphtheriae).
Hypoglycemic effect –
Ethanolic extract of dried nuts of SA is effective in reducing blood glucose and
investigated in both normal (hypoglycemic) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic
(antihyperglycemic) rats.
 Antispermatogenic Effect - Semecarpus anacardium extract feeding
caused
Antispermatogenic Effect antispermatogenic effect evidenced by reduction
in numbers of spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa in male albino rats.

Nephrotoxicity - Significant alteration in activity levels of marker enzymes

of
kidney as well as histological structure leading to nephritis were observed,
indicating renal dysfunctioning in albino rat.Results exhibited
nephrotoxicity inducing potential of SA nut oil extract
Fatal dosage
• 5- 8 seeds
• 10 gm powder
• 10 ml oil
• Fatal period – 12 – 24 hours
 Improper usage:
• Signs & Symptoms:
1) Dermal Exposure
• When applied to skin, it causes irritation, inflammation, vesication formation, pain & itching.
• The blistercontains serum. The skin lesion resembles a contusion. Later on, the lesion turned
into an ulcer with sloughing of skin.

2) Ingestion — cause
i) Blister formation in & around oral cavity
ii) Vomiting
iii) Diarrhea
iv) Abdominal pain
v) Hypotension / shock
vi) Delirium
vii) Coma
 Ayurveda lreatment
• When manifestation of toxicity observed,
• Internal: Medication of Bhallataka is stopped and white albumen of
coconut or juice of leaves of Chincha(Tamarindus indica) |
• Sesamum or coconut is given to eat.
• Local application:
• Local application of paste of tila(sesamum) rubbed with buffalo milk and
mixed with butter
• Local application of paste of Yashtimadhu(Glycyrrhiza glabra) and
tila(seasamum) rubbed with milk.
Antidote:

• The specific antidote for the toxicity of Bhallataka is

Bibhitaka(Terminalia belerica).
• The decoction or powder preparations with fruit rind and bark of
Terminalia belerica are effective for the sudden reactions and for
systemic effects.
• Drugs that mitigate Pitta like milk and clarified butter and other
drugs with cold potency may also be used.
 shodhan

• Ripe seeds of Bhallataka are taken, and put into water. Only those which sink are used for purification and the rest
are discarded.
• The seed is cut into two and kept immersed in dry brick powder for sometime.
• During this time, the dry brick powder absorbs all the strong pungent oil of Bhallatak, reducing its pungency and
making it usable for medicinal purposes.
Usage
Research
BHALLATAKA & IT’S
FORMULATIONS
DR Pushkar nachane
BHALLATAKA MODAK -
भल्लातकादिमोदकः
भल्लातकाभयाजाजीगुडेन सह मोदकः ।
सप्तरात्रान्निहन्त्याशु प्लीहानमतिदारुणम् ।।
• SHUDHA BHALLATAK – 1P
• HARITAKI – 1P
• JEERA- 1P
• GUDA – 3P
• DOSAGE – 1 MASHA
• DURATION – 7 DAYS
• ANUPANA – MILK
• PLEEHA VRIDHI
• The spleen is a small organ inside your left rib cage, just above the
stomach.
• It’s part of the lymphatic system (which is part of the immune system).
• The spleen stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that
protect you from infection.
• Splenomegaly is defined as the enlargement of the spleen measured by
size or weight.
• The spleen plays a significant role in hematopoiesis and
immune-surveillance
• The normal weight of the adult spleen is 70 g to 200 g, spleen weight
of 400 g to 500 g indicates splenomegaly
• spleen weight greater than 1000 g is definitive of massive
splenomegaly.
BHALLATAKA GHRITA

भल्लातकानां द्विपलं पञ्चमूलं पलोन्मितम् ।

साध्यं विदारीगन्धाढ्यमापोथ्य सलिलाढके ।।१५९।।
पादावशेषे पूते च पिप्पलीं नागरं वचाम्।
विडङ्ग सैन्धवं हिङ्गु यावशूकं विडं शटीम् ।।१६०।।
चित्रकं मधुकं रास्नां पिष्ट्वा कर्षसमान् भिषक् ।
प्रस्थश्च पयसोदत्त्वा घृतप्रस्थं विपाचयेत् ।।१६१।।
एतद्भल्लातकं नाम कफगुल्महरं परम्।
प्लीहपाण्ड्वामयश्वासग्रहणीकासगुल्मनुत् ।।
• Shu bhallatak – 2 pala
• Laghu panchmula – 1 pala each
• Jala – 1 adhak ¼ th sesha
• Kalka Dravya – 1 karsha each
• Milk , ghee – 1 prastha
• Kapha gulma, shwasa,sangrahni
 भल्लातकघृतम् (द्वितीयम्) –

भल्लातकात्कल्ककषायपक्वसर्पिः पिबेच्छर्करया विमिश्रम् ।

तद्रक्तगुल्मं विनिहन्ति पीतंबलासगुल्मं मधुना समेतम् ।।१६९।।

- Bhallatak phala kalka – 51 ser

- Shu bhallataka kwath 86 ser
- Ghrita – 54 ser
- Dosage – 6 masha – 1 tola
- Anupana – sarkara , honey
- Kaphja gulma
- rakta gulma
• Gulma is a self-contained, shrub like growth of
provoked vata dosha, located superficially or deep
inside thoracoabdominal cavity which may or may not
be palpable
• The basic pathogenesis of gulma is shotha
• cardinal symptom is shula.
 Bhallatak guda

गुडभल्लातकः (प्रथमश्चक्रदत्तोक्तः) –
भल्लातकसहस्त्रे द्वे जलद्रोणे विपाचयेत् ।
पादशेषे रसे तस्मिन् पचेद् गुडतुलां भिषक् ।। १२९।।
भल्लातकसहस्त्रार्द्ध छित्त्वा तत्र प्रदापयेत् ।
सिद्धेऽस्मिस्त्रिफलाव्योषयमानीमुस्तसैन्धवम् ।।
१३० ।।
कर्षांशसंमितं दद्यात् त्वगेलापत्रकेशरम् ।
खादेदग्निबलापेक्षी प्रातरुत्थाय मानवः ।।९३१।।
कुष्ठार्श: कामलामेहग्रहणीगुल्मपाण्डुताः ।
हन्यात्प्लीहोदरं कास-क्रिमिरोगभगन्दरान् ।।१३२
• Shu bhallataka – 2000
• Jala – 2 drona
• 1 tula Guda + 500 bhallatka
• Triphala,sunth, pippali, marich, ajwain, motha, saindhav lavana,
dalchini, elachi, tejpat,nagkeshar.
• Honey – 1 prashta.
• Arsha, kasa, udavarta, pandu, sotha, agni mandhya.
• गुडभल्लातकः (द्वितीयक श्चक्रदत्तोक्तः) –
दशमूलामृता भार्गी श्वदंष्ट्रा चित्रकं शटी।
भल्लातकसहस्त्रं च पलांशं क्वाथयेद् बुधः ।।१३४।।
पादशेषे जलद्रोणे रसे तस्मिन् विपाचयेत्।
दत्त्वा गुडतुलामेकां लेहीभूतं समुद्धरेत् ।।१३५।।
माक्षिकं पिप्पलीं तैलमौरुबूकश्च दापयेत्।
अर्शः कासमुदावत्तं पाण्डुतां शोथमेव च ।
• Dasha mula, guduchi, gokshura, chitrak mula, kachor- 1-1 pala
• Bilawa -1000
• Jala – 1 drona
• Kwath- taila, guda – 1 tula {4 ser}
• Prakshep Dravya – 1 kudava
• Honey – 1 prastha
• Arsh, kasa, udavarta, pandu, sotha, agnimandhya
 Bhallataka - taila
• भल्लातकाद्यं तैलम्-
भल्लातकार्कमरिचैर्लवणोत्तमेन सिद्धंविडङ्गरजनीद्वयचित्रकैश्च ।
स्यान्मार्कवस्य च रसेन निहन्ति तैलं-नाडीं कफानिलकृतामपचीव्रणांश्च ।। २५।।
• Bhallataka phala majja
• Arka roots
• Kali mirch
• Saindhav lavana
• Vaya vidanga
• Haridra
• Daru haridra
• Chitraka
• All in equal qty. prepare kalka of above said Dravya
• Tila taila – 51 ser
• Kumari swarasa- 54 ser
• Kaphaka vataja vrana, apachi
 Bhallataka avaleha
• भल्लातकावलेहो बृहद् (यो. र.)-

सुपक्वभल्लातफलानि सम्यग् द्विधा विधायाढकसंमितानि

।
विपाच्य तोयेन चतुर्गुणेन चतुर्थशेषे व्यपनीय तानि
।।१५७।।
पुनः पचेत्क्षीरचतुर्गुणेन घृतांशयुक्तेन घनं यथा
स्यात् ।
सितोपला षोडशभिः पलैश्चविमद्य संस्थाप्य दिनानि
सप्त ।।१५८।।
• Take riped shudha bhalltaka
• Cut it into 2 pieces
• Weight of bhallatka -1 adhak
• Water - 4 times, reduce tp ¼
• Milk + ghee – 4 times
• Mishri – 16 pala
• Leave it for 7 days
• Dosage – agni bala anusara
ततः प्रयोज्याग्निबलेन मात्रांजयेद्विकारानखिलान्
गुदोत्थान् ।
कचाः सुनीला घनकुश्चितायाः स्युस्तार्श्वदृष्टिश्च
शशाङ्ककान्तिः।।१५९।।
जवो हयानां बलमुत्तमं चस्वरो मयूरस्य हुताशदीप्तिः ।
स्त्रीवल्लभत्वं विविधप्रभावोनीरोगता
द्वित्रिशतायुरेव ।। १६० ।।
न चान्नपाने परिहार्यमस्ति न चातपे नाध्वनि मैथुने च ।
प्रयोगकाले सकलामयानांराजाधिराजश्च रसायनानाम् ।। १६
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