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Architecture - l2 introduction

This lecture on landscape design covers the principles and elements that guide the creation of functional and aesthetically pleasing outdoor spaces, emphasizing the relationship between interior and exterior environments. Key concepts include balance, contrast, unity, and the integration of natural elements to enhance well-being. The session concludes with an assignment to design an outdoor space that complements an adjacent interior room, applying the discussed principles of design.

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Raja A. Alnasrullah
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31 views

Architecture - l2 introduction

This lecture on landscape design covers the principles and elements that guide the creation of functional and aesthetically pleasing outdoor spaces, emphasizing the relationship between interior and exterior environments. Key concepts include balance, contrast, unity, and the integration of natural elements to enhance well-being. The session concludes with an assignment to design an outdoor space that complements an adjacent interior room, applying the discussed principles of design.

Uploaded by

Raja A. Alnasrullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

Fundamentals of

Landscape Design
Lecture No.2
Introduction
• Landscape design involves the thoughtful arrangement and planning of outdoor spaces to create
functional, aesthetically pleasing, and sustainable environments that complement built structures.
• This session will equip you with essential knowledge about the principles and elements of design
as they pertain to landscape architecture and the important relationship between interior and
exterior spaces.
• Landscape design complements interior design by enhancing the transition between indoor and
outdoor environments, creating holistic and harmonious spaces.
Section 1: Principles and Elements of Design

1.1 Principles of Design

The principles of design are foundational concepts that guide the creation of cohesive and aesthetically pleasing landscapes.

Balance

Balance refers to the distribution of visual weight within a space. For example, a garden with evenly spaced trees and shrubs on both sides of a
central pathway creates symmetrical balance, evoking a sense of order and formality. In contrast, an asymmetrical design, such as a rock garden
with varied plant heights and textures, adds a dynamic and natural feel. It can be:

● Symmetrical Balance: Equal visual weight on either side of a central axis.


● Asymmetrical Balance: Achieved through the use of different elements that have equal visual impact.
A garden with symmetrical hedges and pathways vs. a garden with asymmetrical planting arrangements.
Contrast
Contrast adds visual interest by juxtaposing different elements, such as color, texture, or form.
Scale and Proportion
Scale ensures that landscape elements relate appropriately to each other and the surrounding space. Proportion emphasizes the relationship between the size of elements within the
landscape.

A garden where small plants are paired with larger trees to create depth.
Unity
Unity ensuresand Harmony
that all elements work together cohesively, while harmony creates a sense of peace and relaxation.

A garden with a consistent color palette and flowing pathways.


1.2 Elements
The elements of
of design are theDesign
tools used to apply the principles in practice.

Line

Lines guide the eye and influence movement within a space. Straight lines suggest formality, while curved lines create a more natural and relaxed feel.

A formal garden with straight paths vs. a woodland garden with winding trails.
Texture
Texture refers to the surface quality of plants and materials. It can be fine, coarse, smooth, or rough.

A close-up of a garden combining rough stone walls, smooth water surfaces, and soft foliage.
Color
Color impacts mood and perception. Warm colors (reds, oranges) create energy, while cool colors (blues, greens) evoke calmness.

A vibrant flower bed using complementary colors.


Form
Form is the shape or structure of objects within the landscape, such as trees, shrubs, and architectural features.

A comparison of formal geometric hedges vs. free-form natural plantings.


Section 2: The Relationship Between Interior and Exterior Spaces
2.1 Creating Seamless Transitions

Seamless transitions between interior and exterior spaces enhance the functionality and aesthetics of a property.

Visual Continuity

Using similar materials, colors, or textures inside and outside creates a sense of unity. For example, repeating stone finishes from an interior fireplace on an exterior
patio wall or extending hardwood flooring to an adjoining deck can visually link the two spaces. Additionally, incorporating consistent plant palettes or lighting fixtures
further enhances the connection.

A living room with sliding glass doors opening to a patio that uses matching flooring.
Framing Views

Windows, doors, and openings can frame exterior views, turning them into natural artworks.

A large window overlooking a landscaped garden.


Functional Connections

Designing spaces that support activities like dining, relaxing, or entertaining both indoors and outdoors.

An outdoor dining area adjacent to an indoor kitchen, connected by a sliding door.


2.2 Integrating Nature into Interiors

Biophilic Design

Incorporating natural elements like plants, water features, and natural light into interiors to promote well-being.

For instance, the Amazon Spheres in Seattle are an exemplary biophilic design project.

These glass domes incorporate over 40,000 plants from around the world, combined with abundant natural light and relaxing spaces for employees, demonstrating
how nature can enhance productivity and well-being in a corporate environment.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_vUZxTbets

An interior space with a vertical garden or indoor water fountain.


2.2 Integrating Nature into Interiors

Indoor-Outdoor Flow

Design features like open-plan layouts, large windows, and transitional spaces (e.g., verandas) blur the boundaries between indoors and outdoors.

A home with a covered patio that feels like an extension of the living room.
Conclusion

Understanding the principles and elements of landscape design and the interplay between interior and exterior spaces is essential for creating cohesive, functional,
and visually appealing designs.

By applying these concepts thoughtfully, you can elevate your design projects and create spaces that resonate with users on multiple levels.
In-Class Assignment

Design a small outdoor space that complements an adjacent interior room. Apply at least three principles of design and ensure seamless integration
between the two spaces. Include a detailed sketch and a brief explanation of your design choices. (floorplan on the next page)

TERM PROJECT DUE - PART #2

Due Next week:

Create a case study of the current PSU outdoor area, including the following: (due next week – before 1:00PM on LMS as
a PPT file)

1. Sun & site analysis

2. Functions/activities

3. Soft & hardscape selection

4. Floorplan (on Autocad)

5. Surrounding area
Information Sources

1. Booth, Norman K., and James E. Hiss. Residential Landscape Architecture: Design Process for the Private Residence. Pearson.
2. Reid, Grant W. Landscape Graphics: Plan, Section, and Perspective Drawing of Landscape Spaces. Watson-Guptill.
3. Simonds, John Ormsbee, and Barry W. Starke. Landscape Architecture: A Manual of Environmental Planning and Design. McGraw-Hill Education.
4. "Principles of Landscape Design," University of Florida IFAS Extension.
5. "Biophilic Design," Terrapin Bright Green.
Thank you!

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