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    POLICY FORMULATION

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    silveriodulawan
    The document outlines the concept of policy, defining it as a formal statement of intentions and actions by an organization to address specific issues. It details the eight stages of policy formulation, which include problem identification, analysis, public informing, goal development, public support building, legislation, implementation, and evaluation. The document emphasizes the importance of sound data and public involvement throughout the policy process.

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    POLICY FORMULATION

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    silveriodulawan
    2 views11 pages
    The document outlines the concept of policy, defining it as a formal statement of intentions and actions by an organization to address specific issues. It details the eight stages of policy formulation, which include problem identification, analysis, public informing, goal development, public support building, legislation, implementation, and evaluation. The document emphasizes the importance of sound data and public involvement throughout the policy process.

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    The document outlines the concept of policy, defining it as a formal statement of intentions and actions by an organization to address specific issues. It details the eight stages of policy formulation, which include problem identification, analysis, public informing, goal development, public support building, legislation, implementation, and evaluation. The document emphasizes the importance of sound data and public involvement throughout the policy process.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2 views11 pages

    POLICY FORMULATION

    Uploaded by

    silveriodulawan
    The document outlines the concept of policy, defining it as a formal statement of intentions and actions by an organization to address specific issues. It details the eight stages of policy formulation, which include problem identification, analysis, public informing, goal development, public support building, legislation, implementation, and evaluation. The document emphasizes the importance of sound data and public involvement throughout the policy process.

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    POLICY

    FORMULATION
    Harry Specht
    What is POLICY
    • Whatever governments choose to do or not to do (Thomas Dye
    1987)
    • Purposive course of action or inaction undertaken by an actor or a
    set of actors in dealing with a problem or matter of concern
    (Anderson 1994)
    • A definite course or method of action. Selected from among
    alternatives and in light of given conditions. To guide and
    determine present and future decisions. (Merriam Webster
    Dictionary)
    • Policy establishes a specific set of program procedures
    (Baumheier & Schorr, 1977)
    • It includes all public activities (Zimmerman, 1979), and considers
    resources distribution and its effect on peoples’ social well-being
    (Dear, 1995)
    • The primary function of policy is to create a plan of action, it also
    writes, and directs attention to definite problems. (Titmuss, 1966)
    • It reflects choices of a government or a nongovernmental agency
    • These are tied to and build values, beliefs, and principles.
    What is POLICY
    POLICY is a formal documented statement of intentions and
    sets of actions of an organization/authority to either remove
    certain deficiencies or improve the conditions in any
    particular area of concern/interest such as housing shortage.
    Food crises, water contamination, growing poverty etc.. It
    could either be a part of an overall development policy and
    strategy of the country could be a specific document
    addressing a particular issue i.e. Food Security Policy,
    Poverty Reduction Strategy, National Housing Policy, Climate
    Change Policy and the over overland terminal in Midsayap.
    EIGHT TAGES OF POLICY FORMULATION
    1. Identification of the problem or issue
    State the problem meaningfully;
    • Determine the magnitude and extent of the problem
    • Continually re-define the problem in light of what is possible
    • Eliminate irrelevant material
    • Question the accepted thinking about the problem
    • Question initial formulations of the problem
    • Say it with data
    • Locate relevant sources of data
    • Eliminate ambiguity
    • Clarify objectives
    • Resolve conflicting gals
    • Focus on the central, critical factors
    • Identify who is concerned, and why?
    • What power do concerned parties have?
    • Make a quick estimate of resources required to deal with the problem
    2. Analysis of the
    Problem
    The first thing the policy analyst must
    do is to ask:
     Does a problem exist?
     Can anything be done about it?
     Does the client have the power

    If the answers are no, then there is no


    point in doing a policy analysis.
    3. Informing the Public about the
    problem
    Policies must be soundly based on adequately evaluated facts
    and experience. Persons affected by policy especially clientele
    groups should be involved in the process.

    4. Development of Policy goals


    A public policy is a deliberate and (usually) careful decision
    that provides guidance for addressing selected public
    concerns. Policy development can be seen, then, as a
    decision making process that helps address identified goals,
    problems or concerns. At its core, policy development entails
    the selection of a destination or desired objective.
    5. Building of public support
    In building public support, the government must ensure that:
    a. information is complete, objective, reliable, relevant, and easy
    to find and understand; b. consultation has clear goals and rules
    defining the limits of the exercise and the government’s
    obligation to account for its use.
    6. Legislation or enunciation of Policy
    • Policy adoption can be influenced the same factors that affect the
    composition of policy agendas: the lobbying efforts of significant interest
    groups, crises, and public attention brought by the media.
    • Governors and Mayors can adopt policies to bring about change on the
    state or local level.
    7. Implementation
    How Policies are implemented
    Policy implementation involves putting adopted policies
    into effect. Successful implementation is dependent upon
    three elements.
     First, policies must be passed down from the president
    or state and local government officials to the appropriate
    agency within the government bureaucracy.
     The second, element essential to effective policy
    implementation is clear interpretation.
     The final element needed in effective policy
    implementation is also difficult to accomplish. The
    dedication of resources to implement the policy under
    the first element must be joined with coordination of the
    policy with ongoing operations. In other words, a new
    initiative or agency must not cause excessive
    competition or disagreement with existing initiatives or
    agencies.
    8. Evaluation
     Policy evaluation is the last step in the policy process. It may ask deep
    and wide-ranging questions, such as:
     Was the problem correctly identified, or was the correct problem
    identified?
     Were any important aspects overload?
     Were any important data left out of the analysis? Did this influence the
    analysis?
     Were recommendations properly implemented
     Is the policy having the desired effect?
     Are there any needs for modification, change, or re-design? What should
    be done differently next time?
     When policies fail to have the intended effect, it is usually due to one of
    two types of failure: theory failure, or program failure.
    Questions & answers
    Invite questions from the audience
    Resources
    https://www.slideshare.net/venzars/policy-formulati
    on

    Policy Analysis:
    https://www.slideshare.net/uma107/policy-analysis-
    24367379

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