The document outlines various pricing strategies for new products, including market-skimming and market penetration pricing. It also discusses product mix pricing strategies such as product line pricing and optional-product pricing, as well as pricing adjustment strategies like discounts and psychological pricing. Additionally, it covers geographical pricing strategies including FOB-origin pricing and uniform-delivered pricing.
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The document outlines various pricing strategies for new products, including market-skimming and market penetration pricing. It also discusses product mix pricing strategies such as product line pricing and optional-product pricing, as well as pricing adjustment strategies like discounts and psychological pricing. Additionally, it covers geographical pricing strategies including FOB-origin pricing and uniform-delivered pricing.
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Pricing
Bayar M. Mohamad Ali
Agricultural Economies and Marketing 28/11/2023 New Products Pricing Strategies • Market-Skimming Pricing: Setting a high price for a new product to skim maximum revenues.
• Market Penetration Pricing:
Setting a low price for a new product in order to attract a large number of buyers and a large market share. Product Mix Pricing Strategy • Product Line Pricing: Setting the price steps between various products in a product line based on cost differences between the products, customer evaluations of different features and competitors’ prices. • Optional-product pricing: The pricing of optional or accessory products along with a main product. • Captive-product pricing: Setting a price for products that must be used along with a main product, such as blades for a razor and games for a video-game console. • By-product pricing: Setting a price for by-products in order to make the main product’s price more competitive. • Product bundle pricing: Combining several products and offering the bundle at a reduced price. Pricing Adjustment Strategies
Discount: A straight reduction in price on purchases during a stated period
of time or of larger quantities. Segmented pricing: Selling a product or service at two or more prices, where the difference in prices is not based on differences in costs. Psychological pricing: Pricing that considers the psychology of prices and not simply the economics; the price is used to say something about the product. Promotional pricing: Temporarily pricing products below the list price, and sometimes even below cost, to increase short-run sales. Geographical Pricing FOB-origin pricing: A geographical pricing strategy in which goods are placed free on board a carrier; the customer pays the freight from the factory to the destination. Uniform-delivered pricing: A geographical pricing strategy in which the company charges the same price plus freight to all customers, regardless of their location. Zone pricing: A geographical pricing strategy in which the company sets up two or more zones. All customers within a zone pay the same total price; the more distant the zone, the higher the price. Base-point pricing: A geographical pricing strategy in which the seller designates some city as a basing point and charges all customers the freight cost from that city to the customer. Freight-absorption Pricing: A geographical pricing strategy in which the seller absorbs all or part of the freight charges in order to get the desired business. Thank You