Quarter 3 Week 1 Day3

FORCE

Mr.Manuel Alcamino
 PRAYER
Lord Jesus, I ask for Your help as I
begin this new school year. Allow me
to experience Your presence in the
many blessings You put before me.
Open my eyes to the new challenges
and exciting opportunities that this
new school year brings. Open my heart
and mind to new friends and new
teachers. Give me a generous spirit to
be enthusiastic with my studies and
courage to accept new opportunities.
Help me to be attentive to my
teachers and let me experience Your
presence in my new friends. Jesus,
ATTENDA
NCE
Short Review
Checking Assignments
Assignment:

Write the correct term or concept based on the

description provided.
1. List three ways friction can be reduced.
2. Name three factors that affect the strength of
friction between two surfaces.
3. List two examples of balanced forces.
4. Give two effects of gravitational force on Earth.
5. Enumerate three examples of how magnetic force is
used in everyday life.
Answer the following
question based on your own.
1.Write something you know
about gravity, forces and
tension?
Instructions: Unscramble each of the
following jumbled words.
Write the correct word in the blank
next to each scrambled word.
1. Gniratavigal force
2. Tneiosn force
3. Fciitronal force
4. Eoalstctir force
5. Cpetnilrac force
FORCE
A push or pull is called a force. The SI unit of force is the
Newton (N).
A force acts in a particular direction and may have any of
the following effects on an object:
➤ Make a stationary object start moving or increase the
speed of a object.
➤ Slow down or stop a moving object.
➤ Change the direction of a moving object.
➤ Change the shape of an object
Some forces are small while others
are larger. Forces therefore have
size(magnitude).
A force is represented by a line with
an arrow showing the direction in
which it acts,thus:
Types of Forces

Gravitational force
Tension
Upthrust force
Magnetic force
Centripental force
Cohesive and Adhesive forces
Surface tension
Molecular force
Electric force
Nuclear force
Electrostatic force.
 Gravitational Force
This is the force of attraction between two bodies of given
masses(m1, and m2 ),see figure.
Fig.3.2: Force of attraction between two bodies

When objects are thrown up from or bear the

earth's surface, they always fall downwards
towards the groun. This is because of the force of
attraction which the earth exerts on any body near
its surface.
This force which pulls the body towards the centre
of the earth is called the gravitational force of the
earth.
The pull of gravity on the body towards the centre
of the earth is called weight.the weight of an object
varies on diffrent planets because planets have
different gravitational pull.
Tension
The pull or
compression of a
string at both of its
ends is called its
tension.
Tension is as a result
of two opposing forces
applied, one at each
end of a body, see
EXP3.1:to study the relationship
between mass
and extension of a spring.

The length of a spring increases when

loading since the weight of the load acts
on the spring, forcing it to stretch.
The graph of extension against mass is
a straight line, see figure 3.5.
Some forces compress bodies and are
called compression forces.
Materials that can be compressed or
extended without breaking are called
elastic materials.
EXP3.1:to study the relationship
between mass
and extension of a spring.

The length of a spring increases when

loading since the weight of the load acts
on the spring, forcing it to stretch.
The graph of extension against mass is
a straight line, see figure 3.5.
Some forces compress bodies and are
called compression forces.
Materials that can be compressed or
extended without breaking are called
elastic materials.
EXP3.2: To Illustrate upthrust in liquids.
If the medium is air,the reading is larger than
when the medium is a liquid. The reading also
varies from one liquid to another.
The reading of the balance is highest when the
object is in air and lowest when the object is
completely submerged in water.
The difference between the readings when the
object is immersed in liquid and when the
object is in air is due to upthrust force.
Example 1
A body weighs 100N in air and 80N when
submerged in water. Calculate the upthrust
acting on the body.
Cohesive and Adhesive Forces
The forces of attraction between
molecules of the same kind is known as
cohesive force,e.g,between a water
molecule and another water molecule.
while the forces of attraction between
molecules of different kinds is called
adhesive force,e.g.,between water
molecules and glass molecules.
EXP.3.3: to investigate the behavior of water in different
surfaces
Water on the clean glass slide spreads on the glass
surface. However,small drops of water collect into small
spherical balls on the waxed surface.

Fig.3.9: Water drops on glass

slides
If mercury is used,small mercury drops in a clean glass dish surface collect into
spherical balls. Larger mercury drops form oval balls, as in figure 3.10.
Water wets the glass surface because the adhesive forces between the water
molecules and the glass molecules are greater than the cohesive forces between
water molecules.
Water does not wet the waxed glass surface because the cohesive force is
greater than the adhesive force.
The stronger cohesive forces in mercury form spherical drops of mercury even on
clean glass surface. The weak adhesive force between mercury and glass makes
mercury not wet the glass.
EXP3.4:to demonstrate cohesive and
adhesive forces of Liquids on narrow
tubes
Apparatus; narrow tubes with
different size of bore,
beaker,water,glycerol, kerosene, and
methylated sipirit.
*the level of the water inside the tubes
is higher than that outside the tubes.
Different liquids rise by
different heights, depending on the
diameter of the glass tube.
The level of mercury in the tube with a
smaller bore will be lower than in the
tube with a larger bore.
*the level of the water inside the tubes is higher than that
outside the tubes.
Different liquids rise by
different heights, depending on the diameter of the glass
tube.
The level of mercury in the tube with a smaller bore will be
lower than in the tube with a larger bore.
Since the adhesive force between the water and glass
molecules is greater than cohesive force between water
molecules, the water rises up the tube so that more water
molecules can be in contact with the glass.
The force of cohesion within the mercury is greater than the
force of adhesion between mercury and glass.the mercury
Fictional force
Friction is a force that
opposes relative motion
between two surfaces in
contact.
Friction is caused by the
interlocking of the
Frictional force can be reduced
surfaces and attractive by using rollers,oiling or
force between the smoothening.
surface molecules.
As it moves through liquid, it rubs
against the liquid,molecules. Due to the
movement of the body,there is opposing
force between the layer of the liquid
molecules on the body and the layer of
the liquid molecules in the measuring
cylinder.the opposing force (frictional
force) involving a fluid is called viscous
drag (viscosity).
Magnetic force
The force which causes attraction or
repulsion by magnet is called magnetic
force.
A magnet has two types of poles, anorth and
a South pole.like poles repel while unlike
poles attract.
Which get attracted are called called
magnetic materials while not attracted are
called non- magnetic materials.
Electrostatic Force
The rubbing creates static changes.
The force of attraction or repulsion due to
electrostatic force.
When glass window is wiped
with a dry cloth on a dry day,
dust particles are attracted on it.
Centripental Force
Centripental force is a force
which contrains a body to move
in acircular path or orbit. This
force is directed towards the
centre of the orbit.
Investigating Gravitational and Upthrust Forces
 Materials: Water basin, wood block, metal coin
 Activity: Place different objects in water to observe
which float and which sink, discussing gravitational
and upthrust forces.

Upthrust
 A piece of wood floats on water while a metal coin
sinks.
 Questions:
oWhy does the wood float and the coin sink?
oWhat is the force acting upward on the wood?
Worksheet
Synthesis/Extended
What you have learned
In a one sheet of paper write
something you understand about
the lesson we discussed today.
Instructions:
Read each question carefully and select or write
the correct answer.

1. What is the SI (International System) unit used

to measure force?
a) Joule
b) Newton
c) Pascal
d) Watt
2. Which type of force pulls
objects toward the center of
Earth, causing them to fall when
dropped?
a) Magnetic force
b) Tension
c) Gravitational force
d) Electrostatic force
3.When opposite poles of magnets are placed
near each other, what effect occurs between
them?
a) They repel each other
b) They move apart
c) They attract each other
d) They become neutral
4.What term best describes the
force that resists the motion
between two surfaces in contact?
a) Frictional force
b) Magnetic force
c) Nuclear force
d) Electrostatic force
5.Which statement best describes tension in a
string?
a) The force exerted by a magnet on another magnet
b) The pulling or compressing force applied at both
ends of the string
c) The force causing an object to rotate around a
point
d) The force of attraction due to gravity between two
masses
 s T h i n
t'
Le k

Assignment:
Write the correct term or concept
based on the description provided.
 s T h i n
t'
Le k
Identification:
1.This type of force is responsible for
the attraction between two objects
with mass, pulling them toward each
other.
 s T h i n
t'
Le k

2. This force occurs

when a spring is
stretched or
compressed due to
 s T h i n
t'
Le k

3. The force that

opposes the motion
of two surfaces
sliding past each
 Instructions:
Identify the correct
answers for
questions.
4. This force is caused
by the interaction
between electric
charges, resulting in
attraction or repulsion.
5. This force keeps an
object moving in a
circular path, always
directed towards the
center of the orbit.
 A N
THK YOU