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SIR lect1

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12 views30 pages

SIR lect1

Uploaded by

anikeit
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mobile Computing

Lecture 1
Introduction & Fundamentals

Instructure: Dr. Rishav Dubey


Introduction to the course for Grading
• Grading
• 3 Quizzes + 3 Tutorial Assignments + Case studies and Implementation Work
(CWS 30 Marks)

• MT 30 Marks

• Conference Papers (30 Marks)

• End Sem Marks (40 Marks)

02/05/2025 2
Miscellanea
•Lectures:
• Monday 04:00 – 05:00
•Thursday 03:00 – 04:00
• Friday 04:00 – 05:00

• E-mail: Rishav.Dubey@jaipur.manipal.edu
References
• Mobile Communication by Jochen Schiller

• Wireless and Mobile Network Architectures by Yi-Bing Lin &


Imrich Chlamtac

• Wireless communication Principal and Practice by Theodore S.


Rappaport

• Research Papers
• A cellular network or mobile network is a wireless
network distributed over land areas called cells each
served by at least one fixed location transceiver,
known as a cell site or base station

• In a cellular network, each cell uses a different set of


frequencies from neighbouring cells, to avoid
interference and provide guaranteed bandwidth within
each cell.
Mobile communication
Two aspects of mobility:
• user mobility: users communicate (wireless) “anytime, anywhere, with anyone”
• device portability: devices can be connected anytime, anywhere to the network
Wireless vs. mobile Examples
  stationary computer
  notebook in a hotel
  wireless LANs in historic buildings
  Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)

The demand for mobile communication creates the need


for integration of wireless networks into existing fixed
networks:
• local area networks: standardization of IEEE 802.11,
• Internet: Mobile IP extension of the internet protocol IP
• wide area networks: e.g., internetworking of GSM and ISDN
Applications I

Vehicles
• transmission of news, road condition, weather, music via DAB
• personal communication using GSM
• position via GPS
• local ad-hoc network with vehicles close-by to prevent accidents, guidance system, redundancy
• vehicle data (e.g., from busses, high-speed trains) can be transmitted in advance for maintenance

Emergencies
• early transmission of patient data to the hospital, current status, first diagnosis
• replacement of a fixed infrastructure in case of earthquakes, hurricanes, fire etc.
• crisis, war, ...
Typical application: road traffic

UMTS, WLAN, c
h o
DAB, DVB, GSM, ad
cdma2000, TETRA, ...

Personal Travel Assistant,


PDA, Laptop,
GSM, UMTS, WLAN,
Bluetooth, ...
Mobile and wireless services – Always Best
Connected
UMTS, GSM LAN
DSL/ WLAN GSM/GPRS 53 kbit/s 115 kbit/s 100 Mbit/s,
3 Mbit/s Bluetooth 500 kbit/s WLAN
54 Mbit/s

UMTS
2 Mbit/s

GSM/EDGE 384 kbit/s,


DSL/WLAN 3 Mbit/s
UMTS, GSM
GSM 115 kbit/s,
384 kbit/s
WLAN 11 Mbit/s
Applications II

Travelling salesmen
• direct access to customer files stored in a central location
• consistent databases for all agents
• mobile office

Replacement of fixed networks


• remote sensors, e.g., weather, earth activities
• flexibility for trade shows
• LANs in historic buildings

Entertainment, education, ... History


Info

• outdoor Internet access


• intelligent travel guide with up-to-date
location dependent information
• ad-hoc networks for
multi user games
Location dependent services

Location aware services


• what services, e.g., printer, fax, phone, server etc. exist in the local environment

Follow-on services
• automatic call-forwarding, transmission of the actual workspace to the current
location

Information services
• „push“: e.g., current special offers in the supermarket
• „pull“: e.g., where is the Black Forrest Cherry Cake?

Support services
• caches, intermediate results, state information etc. „follow“ the mobile device
through the fixed network

Privacy
• who should gain knowledge about the location
Why Wireless Communication
• Flexibility

• Easy to maintain

• Space and satellite communication

• Freedom from wires


Challenges
• Fading

• Interference

• Spectrum allocation

• Performance is compromised

• Hared were setup not easy

• Remote deployment
Type of Wireless communication
• Cellular (2G, 3G, 4G, 5G)
• Wi-Fi (802.1b,a,g)
• Bluetooth
• GPS
• FM
• IR
• Near field Communication
• Satellite and space communication
• Visual Lite communication
• Acoustic communication(Using sound waves) Under water communication
Basic block Diagram of Wireless
Communication

SOURCE Tx Channel RX Destination


Handsets

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