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PowerPoint 4th lecture

The document discusses heat transfer theory specifically for cylinders and spheres, detailing the heat diffusion equations and temperature distribution equations. It covers the derivation of heat rate equations, thermal resistance in composite walls, and critical radius calculations. Additionally, it provides formulas for heat transfer in spherical geometries and compares thermal resistance for different shapes.

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2 views

PowerPoint 4th lecture

The document discusses heat transfer theory specifically for cylinders and spheres, detailing the heat diffusion equations and temperature distribution equations. It covers the derivation of heat rate equations, thermal resistance in composite walls, and critical radius calculations. Additionally, it provides formulas for heat transfer in spherical geometries and compares thermal resistance for different shapes.

Uploaded by

18pwche1361
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4 online lecture

th

8th week
HEAT TRANSFER THEORY-1
4TH SEMESTER SPRING 2020
Cylinder
CYLINDER

HEAT DIFFUSION EQU. FOR CYLINDER IS,


[1/r].d/dr[krdT/dr]=0
[1/r]# 0
so
d/dr[krdT/dr]= 0
d/dr[rdT/dr]= 0 ……B/C, K is CONSTANT
CYLINDER
[rdT/dr]= ∫0.dr
[rdT/dr]= C1
[dT/dr]= C1/r
T= C1 lnr+ C2………………[1]
CYLINDER
B.C.1
r=r1 then T= TS1
Put in Eq-1
TS1 = C1 lnr1 + C2………………..[2]
B.C.2
r=r2 then T= TS2
CYLINDER
Put in Eq-1
TS2 = C1 lnr2 + C2………………….[3]
Solving equations 2 & 3 simultaneously,

we get, values of C1
& C2
PUTTING VALUES OF C1 & C2 IN eq-1,
We get,
CYLINDER
HEAT DISTRIBUTION equation FOR CYLINDER,
T={[ TS1- TS2 ]/ ln[r1/r2 ]}{ ln[r/r2 ]} +TS2 …..[1]
WHICH IS REQUIRED EQUATION ie temperature
distribution eq. for cylinder.
From eqution [1], we can find heat rate equation
for a cylinder
CYLINDER
DWR.TO r, THE ABOVE EQUATION,
dt/dr = {[ TS1- TS2 ]/ ln[r1/r2 ]}/{r}…….[2]
From Fouriers law
q=-Ak dT/dr………..[3]
Put value of “ dT/dr” from [2] in [3], we get,
q=-Ak{[ TS1- TS2 ]/ ln[r1/r2 ]}/{r}…….[4]
CYLINDER
Where
A = 2πrL
hence
Equation-[4] will be
q=- 2πrL k{[ TS1- TS2 ]/ ln[r1/r2 ]}/{r}
Or
q=2πL k{[ TS2- TS1 ]/ ln[r1/r2 ]}
CYLINDER
q={[TS2- TS1 ]}/{ ln[r1/r2 ]/[2πL k]}….[5]
q={[TS2- TS1 ]}/Rt…….[6]
Comparing eqs-[5] and [6]
Rt={ ln[r1/r2 ]/[2πL k]}
Where Rt is the thermal resistance in the wall
of CYLINDER
COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER
COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER
Here there are 5 resistances ie R1,R2, R3, R4
and R5 .
R1= 1/Ah1= 1/2πr1Lh α1
R2={ ln[r1/r2 ]/[2πL kA]}
R3={ ln[r2/r3 ]/[2πL kB]}
R4={ ln[r3/r4 ]/[2πL kC]}
R5 = 1/2πr4Lh α4
COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER
Rt =R1+ R2 +R3+R4 + R5
Rt = 1/2πr1Lh α1 +ln[r1/r2 ]/[2πL kA] +
ln[r2/r3 ]/[2πL kB] + ln[r3/r4 ]/[2πL kC] +
1/2πr4Lh α4
Fouriers Law for COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER is,

q= - [Tα1 – Tα2 ]/ Rt …………..[1]


COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER

Put value of Rt in equ-[1] we get,

q= -{ [Tα1 – Tα2 ]}/{1/2πr1Lh α1 +ln[r1/r2 ]/[2πL


k A] + ln[r2/r3 ]/[2πL kB] +
ln[r3/r4 ]/[2πL kC] +
1/2πr4Lh α4}
COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER
q= { [Tα2 – Tα1 ]}
{1/[2πr1Lhα1] +ln[r1/r2 ]/[2πL kA]+ln[r2/r3 ]/[2πL kB] + ln[r3/r4 ]/[2πL kC]+1/[2πr4Lh α4]}

or
q= { [Tα2 – Tα1 ]}
[1/ {2πr1L } ] {1/[hα1] +r1ln[r1/r2 ]/[kA]+r1ln[r2/r3 ]/[kB] + r1ln[r3/r4 ]/[kC]+r1/[r4 hα4]}

or
q= { [Tα2 – Tα1 ]}
[ 1 / A 1 U1 ]
COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER
q= { [Tα2 – Tα1 ]}
A 1U 1
or

q= { [Tα2 – Tα1 ]}
Rt
COMPOSITE WALL CYLINDER
 Similarly for 2πr2L we get we have A2U2
and for 2πr3L we get A3U3 and so on……
 A1ǂ A2ǂA3………
 U1ǂU2ǂU3………..
 BUT ALWAYS
A1U1= A2U2= A3U3 …….= 1/R1t= 1/R2t= 1/R2t= 1/Rt
AS, 1x12=2x6=3x4= 12
CRITICAL RADIUS
 THE RADIUS OF INSULATION, FOR WHICH
CHANGE IN THERMAL RESISTANCE IS ZERO,
IS CALLED CRITICAL RADIUS, i.e
dRt/dr = 0 [at critical cond.]
dRt = 0dr
∫dRt = ∫0dr
CRITICAL RADIUS
Rw - Rf = 0 [at critical cond.]
1 – 1 = 0
2πrk 2πr2h
1 – 1 = 0
k rh
1 = 1
k rh
CRITICAL RADIUS
r = k
h
or
rc = k
h
CRITICAL RADIUS is calculated from above
formula
SPHERE
SPHERE
qr= -k AdT/dr
qr= -k{4πr2} dT/dr

r2 TS2

qr/4π ∫dr/ r 2
= -K∫dT
r1 T S1
SPHERE

qr= 4πk [Ts1- Ts2]/[1/r1- 1/r2]……[A]


which is heat rate equ. For sphere.
 from equ. [A], we have,

qr= [T - T ]/ [ (1/4πk) (1/r - 1/r )]……(B)


s1 s2 1 2

{ we know that, qr = Driving force/therml resistance …….(C)}


SPHERE
 compareing equ-(B) and (C), we get,
 Thermnal resistance(Rt) for sphere as ,

Rt = [ (1/4πk) (1/r1- 1/r2)]

………………………………….

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