Unit 2

Fostering values
Successful development of values in
schools
• There are certain ways to successfully develop values
among students in schools
• 1. connection
• 2. caring
• 3.critical
• 4. communication and collaboration
• 5.conviction,commitment and courage
Gandhian values for inculcation at
primary stage
• Dignity –manual labour
• Respect for others religion
• Sense of social awareness and responsibility
• Truthfulness
• Non-violence
• Purity
• Service
• peace
Gandhiji’s values –Indian cultural
heritage
• Courage
• Truth
• Universal love
• Respect for all religion
• Dignity of manual labor
• Service
• Purity
• Courtesy
• Joy
NPE-1986 –Recommendations for
VALUE EDUCATION
Need for value education due to following
reasons
• 1. Tremendous development of science and technology-change in
lifestyle of people
• 2. Modernization of people
• 3. Science and technology to produce weapons for Mass destruction
endangering peace in ecosystems and human systems
• 4. present youth- Conduct of children –questioning the elders
• 5. Erosion of traditional values
Development of values-CORE
VALUES
• Core values are universally accepted values by all major religions. But
they are abstract and sub values are more concrete and observable in
behaviour. A brief description of the core values given by NCERT
(1987) are as follows
• Truth
• Righteousness
• Peace
• Love
• Non violence
WAYS OF FOSTERING VALUES IN
CHILDREN
• parents and teachers are mainly responsible for laying foundation of
values in children that make them good citizens
• The task of inculcating values is not an easy task unless the society as
a whole resolves to bring about changes to make a society for all and
voluntary efforts are initiated to practice values in day-to-day life
Role of Parents
• In olden days, the children had such great regard and love for the parents
• They should be careful how they themselves behave in the presence of
children for young people have to learn a lot from emulation
• A spirit of understanding and sympathy has to be pervade at the home,
create a sort of value education and knowledge
• From the age of two to five the children looks up to its mother, and so
the mother’s behaviour, has to be very proper
• Ninety percent of blame for spoiling the behaviour and character of
children go to the parents because they show unnecessary affections and
give too indiscriminate freedom to them
Role of Parents
• Most of the parents pay no attention to the anxieties of the growing
child
• The problems faced by children affect the smooth running of school life.
What is learnt at school turns out to be quite contrary to what actually
happens at home
• Knowledge can be given by the teachers; however, the discipline, the
rigorous control of the senses and behaviour must be administered by
the parents so that the latter also practise the human values and reform
their children
• Parents must ensure that right values are developed in children. Parents
must also volunteer themselves to initiate such efforts that could
contribute to the process of inculcating values in society
Teachers
• Teachers of all levels of education are today faced with the problem of
imparting functional type of education to promote human values.
Teacher’s role is to initiate such education processes and involve
students in such processes by which students develop their ability,
attitude and other forms of behaviour of practical life in the society in
which they live.
• The influence of school environment is expected to enable students
to obtain social competence and individual development
• Teacher should establish clear standards of behaviour and encourage
his students to behave towards himself, towards one another, and
towards the whole community in an orderly and considerate way
Teachers
• The teacher should, therefore, develop a rational acceptance of these
standards in his students and also the ability to discriminate the right
from the wrong.
• Traditionally teachers are regarded as the torch bearers of the race
and the makers of history.
• Although their role in this respect has diminished still it must be
admitted that they exercise their considerable influence on children.
• Gandhiji has observed, “The secret of teaching values is to inspire and
kindle the quest among the students by means of one’s own example
of character and mastery of knowledge
• Mazumdar (1983) said, “Values cannot be taught through formal and direct
teaching. They can be inculcated only when the institutions provide activity
for it and experiences inside and outside the school that promote
responsibility, cooperation, honesty, fair play and self-control.

• With patience and perseverance, the teacher can utilise all these occasions
to show the truth and light and to awaken among the children the right
sense and the right direction of true progress

• Teachers have to be professionally prepared and made to internalise their

role in value inculcation.
Teachers
Since every teacher is a value educator, it is expected that
she/ he:
• Would develop a clear vision of his role in value orientation.
• Would be able to identify the potential of different subjects and situations in school
for fostering universal human values and be sensitized about his own influences as
role models.
• Would be able to analyze his own biases and attitude towards students.
• Would evolve a positive approach to authentic orientation related to different
religions related values.
• Would be a good communicator.
• Would be able to delineate stage specific strategies.
• Would be able to incorporate moral themes while teaching subjects.
• Would be able to devise a number of innovative ways for value education to be
applied in the classroom
• Ordinary Teachers can bring about extraordinary transformation in
the society. A teacher should practice what he preaches.
• Teachers are a role-model for the students. Their actions convey more
than their words.
• Students learn values from what the teachers are rather than from
what they say.
• Teacher makes a maximum impact on the personality of a student in
the formative years.
• Students imbibe virtues and vices knowingly and unknowingly from
theses role models.
• Teachers demonstrate the appropriate behaviour of their students by
their actions.
• Teachers must have healthy attitude and should possess rich values
• Teacher can impart values in students by giving them instructions through
discussion, experimentation and lectures and by the following mentioned
ways:
• Teachers can maintain a case-study register to closely observe the students
and note down the positive and negative traits of their personality.
• Teachers should also tell the students to maintain a spiritual diary in which
they will surrender themselves to God and take an oath to follow the path
shown buy him.
• By organizing cultural and sports events values like team spirit, sharing, spirit
of cooperation, patience, courtesy etc can be imparted.
• “Thought for the Day” should be employed in assemblies. Moral thoughts
trigger in them moral thinking.
• Teachers should give importance to cooperative learning.
• Skits, role plays propagating moral values can be performed by students
under the guidance of teacher.
• Teacher must tell the students to go to the libraries- the treasure
house of knowledge. Classics available in the library are morally rich
and inspiring.
• Teacher must explain the students the importance of meditation&
yoga practices for realization or the attainment of oneness with God.
• Every day a Teacher must spent at least 5 minutes on moral lecturing.
• Impart knowledge of foreign languages to make them know different
cultures.
• Organize games, excursions, visits to places of historical importance.
Club activities like nature club, literary club, wildlife prevention club,
social service camps, blood donation etc.
• Suicidal tendencies in students should be curbed. They must be
prepared by the teacher to face the challenges of life fearlessly and
with courage.
Society
The society is expected
1. To create homogeneous environment so as the learners may take up
valuable lessons on ethics, behaviour, adjustment, living together,
sympathy and service
2. To reflect simplicity, honesty, kindness, and fairness in their conduct, for
development of positive habit, attitude, inner capacity, and feeling and
wish to live
3. To provide maximum freedom for fuller growth with experiences
(Spencer) and with facilitation of desired suggestion and persuasion
(Stuart Mill).
4. To explain its traditions, rituals, mythological stories, consequences and
contribution to the modern order of society
• To take the valuable lesson from Gandhian thoughts, ‘do not hear ill, do
not speak ill and do not see ill of others ’
• To narrate the cultural-socio-economic life patterns and the values the
society members should continue to give quality lessons taking from the
scriptures of Vedas, Upanishads, Geeta, Koran , Bible and the preaching
of the great men and the saints
• To make the children emotionally integrated for practicing the values of
oneness, unity, neighbourhood, code-conduct, love and sympathy for the
poor. The values of co-operation, sincerity and commitment can be
learnt in the society
• As the children are the working force and asset to the society vis-à-vis
the nation, they require learning the ‘value of dignity of labour’
Peer Groups
• Peer group is from age-matched, like-minded, harmonious
relationship between people of equal status, an informal group, it can
meet the young people for friendship, security, self-esteem, identity, and
many other needs, and thus into the peer group values and behaviour of
children and young people formed an important sources of influence.
• Youth are interested in participating in peer group activities, and loyal to
the peer groups. Peer group is a prime factor in society which influences
the values of children.
• The peer group persists as a factor of environment throughout life, of
course changing with time and maturity, but forcing the individual to live
up to his/her “reputation” in the group.
• Furthermore, peer group’s values and interest are mostly influenced by
positive and negative peer pressure
Positive peer pressure is something that impacts child’s life in a positive
way. Parents can use child’s peers to their advantage by making use of
positive peer pressure tactics.
Parents should appreciate the good qualities of their child’s friends to
motivate the child to follow the same.
Positive peer pressure helps children to acquire good values, attitude,
habits and behaviour. At times friends can help them give an altogether
new perspective and attitude towards life, through sharing of opinions
and thoughts.
They learn to accept the point of view of other people and become
more sociable. Children’s life can certainly change for better by using
positive peer pressure.
It can shape their personality and thought process and help them
become better human beings.
Religion
• Worship, rituals and morality of an individual is based on his religion.
• Religious value is the faith in God, an attempt to understand God, fear of
divine worth and thinking, believing and behaving according to ethical
codes prescribed in the religious books, religious leaders and teachings.
• The religious values are expressed through behaviour like going to
pilgrimage, worshipping God and speaking truth.
• According to Swami Krishnananda, “Religion is the language of the spirit
in man
• Vivekananda says, “Of all the forces that have worked and are still
working to mould the destiny of the human race, none certainly is more
potent than the manifestation of which we call Religion
Government
• Government acts as a facilitator for greater participation in the field of education.

• Steps have been taken in making higher education more relevant and purposeful,

and imparting to the students, skills and knowledge which are relevant to the

current trends of the society.

• Government has established various organization to propagate truth, goodness and

beauty. They also impart cultural values among the Indian citizens

• The National Curriculum Framework of School Education, India – 2005 also voices

serious concern over erosion of values in our society and stresses the need for

inculcating values in children to bring about desirable change in the society

Mass Media
• India’s most remarkable achievements since independence is in the field of
space science and information technology (IT) which includes mass media,
mobile technology, internet, direct to home (DTH) etc
• Propagating myths and derogatory images of women for example is likely to
make the young learner, instead of learning that all human beings are equal
and all men and women are equal, grow up with prejudices injurious to
women and society
• The mass media is responsible for both reflecting values of a society and
fostering values to a good extent. The most important and prominent forms
of mass media are Television, Radio, Magazines, Newspapers, Pamphlets,
Internet, Books, Movies, Music etc. the media influences the behaviour
pattern of persons in a different manner
 Methods of fostering values
• As parents and teachers are mainly responsible for laying
foundation of values in children that make them good citizens,
their faith in inculcating values in children is indispensable

• 1) Storytelling

• 2) Dramatization

• 3) Role plays

• 4) Personal examples
 Value Crisis
Value crisis in a society implies
• the erosion of traditional values of society or

• situation of dilemma when there is little balance between

traditional values and modern values

• the life of individuals as well as our social life is plagued with the
evil values of corruption, cynicism, disparity, disruption,
hypocrisy and violence

• overemphasis on modernisation and westernisation.

Value Crisis
• There is lack of development of sound moral vision among human
being along with the scientific and technological development.

• Wealth worshipped as god, Pride has become a creed. Selfishness

is entrenched in the intellect

• Developed countries possess all kinds of dreadful weapons and are

trying to boss over all developed and underdeveloped countries.
Today the entire mankind is living in the shade of fear. Man’s very
expense is at stake as he is indulging in wicked activities.
conclusion
• The older generations have lost their sense of morality. Therefore the
younger generation completely ignores the traditional or even any idea
of value system. Loss of leadership among the teachers is another
manifestation of the deterioration of values in the modern society. A
teacher has to perform three important activities. People in an
industrial society develop a growing sense of insecurity in social
relations because of the emphasis on individuals.