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FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING

The presentation by Patty Mae R. Lim covers fundamental concepts of computer programming, including definitions of programming, programmers, programming languages, and algorithms. It outlines objectives for students to understand basic programming concepts, variables, constants, and how to write algorithms. The document also includes examples and an activity for problem analysis related to finding the average of three numbers.

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Patty Mae Lim
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13 views

FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING

The presentation by Patty Mae R. Lim covers fundamental concepts of computer programming, including definitions of programming, programmers, programming languages, and algorithms. It outlines objectives for students to understand basic programming concepts, variables, constants, and how to write algorithms. The document also includes examples and an activity for problem analysis related to finding the average of three numbers.

Uploaded by

Patty Mae Lim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER

PROGRAMMING 1
Presentation by. Patty Mae R.
Lim
PRAYER
LORD, TRUE SOURCE OF LIGHT AND WISDOM, GIVE
US KEEN SENSE OF UNDERSTANDING, A RETENTIVE
MEMORY AND A CAPACITY TO GRASP THINGS
CORRECTLY.

GRANT US THE GRACE TO BE ACCURATE IN OUR


EXPOSITIONS AND THE SKILLS TO EXPRESS
OURSELVES WITH THOROUGHNESS AND CLARITY.

BE WITH US AT THE START OF OUR WORK/STUDIES


GUIDE ITS PROGRESS AND BRING IT TO
COMPLETION.

GRANT THIS THROUGH CHRIST, OUR LORD.


AMEN.
HOW ARE YOU TODAY?
ATTENDANCE
HOW DO YOU DEFINE COMPUTER
PROGRAMMING?
TOPIC:
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF
PROGRAMMING
OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THE LESSON, THE STUDENT SHOULD BE
ABLE TO:

• Understand the basic programming concepts


• Understand the basic terms in programming
• Understand the variable and constant
• Know how to write an algorithm to solve a given
problem.
WHAT IS COMPUTER PROGRAM?
A computer program is a set of instructions that tells
the computer what to do, how to interact with the
user and process data. This set of instructions
operates on input data and converts it to output.
WHAT IS PROGRAMMING?
Is the art or process and science of creating/writing
programs.

WHAT IS PROGRAMMER?
A computer professional who writes this set of
instructions
WHAT IS PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE?
is a tool that allows programmers to write commands
or programs that can easily be understood by a
person and translated into codes that are machine-
readable. (e.g. C Language)
WHAT IS ALGORITHM?
is a formula or set of steps for solving a particular
problem. As an algorithm, a set of rules must be
unambiguous and have a clear stopping point. It can
be expressed in any language, from natural
languages like English to programming languages.
EXAMPLE: LET US SAY THAT YOU HAVE A FRIEND ARRIVING AT THE BUS
STATION, AND YOUR FRIEND NEEDS TO GET FROM THE BUS STATION TO YOUR
HOUSE. THERE ARE DIFFERENT ALGORITHMS THAT YOU MIGHT GIVE YOUR
FRIEND FOR GETTING TO YOUR HOME.

A. Get a taxi algorithm:


1. Go to the taxi stand.
2. Get in a taxi.
3. Give the driver my address.

B. Call-me algorithm:
1. When your bus arrives, call me by my cell phone.
2. Meet me at the bus station
TERMS TO REMEMBER
Logic is sound reasoning in solving a problem.
Formulation means expressing concisely the solution to a given
problem.
Program Specification refers to the precise instructions necessary for
writing a program.
Input refers to the data that is entered into a computer system.
Process refers to the set of conditions used in converting the inputs
into outputs.
Output refers to the information produced by a computer system
VARIABLE AND CONSTANT
VARIABLE
• A variable is a named area in memory that stores
value or string.
• It serves as a container or storage area that holds
data.
EXAMPLE

In this example, instead of using a long name for an


item description, the use of variable shortens the
name, just like your nickname. This will help you
code the program faster and will also adhere to the
rules in writing a variable for different programming
languages.
CONSTANT
• Constant is a value that remains fixed or
unchangeable all throughout the execution of a
program. That is, the value cannot be altered
while the program is running
EXAMPLE
INPUT TWO NUMBERS AND FIND THEIR
Variable SUM Description
FN first number
SN second number
SUM sum of two numbers
To create an algorithm, the following question should be
answered:
• What is the job to be done?
Answer: find the sum of two numbers.

• What is the input data to be processed?


Answer: first number and second number input FN, input SN

• How is the data to be processed?


Answer: by adding the two numbers to get the sum
SUM=FN+SN

• What is the desired format of the output?


Answer: display the value of the sum ex. Sum=
The
algorithm: Begin
input FN, Input Sn
SUM= FN+ Sn
Display SUM
END

If in case a constant values is given for a variable , say SN =10, the algorithm is written
this way:
Begin
SN=10
input FN
SUM=FN+ SN
Display SUM
End
1. Does it have defined inputs and
outputs?
2.It is guaranteed to terminate?
3.Does it produce the correct result?
SYNTHESIZE

08
1. WHAT IS AN ALGORITHM?
2. How do you formulate an algorithm?
3. What is the difference between an algorithm and
a computer program?

08
ACTIVITY: PROBLEM ANALYSIS
DIRECTION: GIVEN THE PROBLEM BELOW, ANSWER THE QUESTIONS FOUND IN THE
TABLE. WRITE YOUR ANSWER IN THE SPACE PROVIDED FOR YOUR ANSWER.

PROBLEM: INPUT THREE NUMBERS AND FIND THE AVERAGE OF THE THREE NUMBERS.

Problem Analysis Answer

1. What is the job to be done?

2. What is the input date to be processed

3. How is the data to be processed?

4. What is the desired format of the output?

08
ASSIGNMENT
SEARCH ABOUT FLOWCHART

11
THANK YOU!
Do you have any
question?

11

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