Ge

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M pa
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Sept 16, 2024
AGENDA

1. Introduction
2. File formats (and WKT)
3. Spatial Tables (SDE, STE)
4. Vector vs Raster
5. Map Services (WMS/WMTS)
6. Topological Relationships
7. Spatial Functions, Indexes, Joins and Queries
8. Some Map Ideas/Types
9. Tools/Software and related features
10. GIS + AI

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INTRO
Data often relates places (countries,
states, regions, districts, counties,
zips, hospitals, etc)

Being able to query and view spatial

relationships can be helpful/insightful

Geometries/points/regions can be
clicked or “lasso’ed” from maps to
select relevant data and repopulate
dashboards

Maps can help to visualize data

 SOME COMMON FILE FORMATS
Shape files
(ESRI)

KML/KMZ

• GeoPackage
• (sqlLite package with specific schema standard)
• OGC® GeoPackage Encoding Standard

MapInfo Files
GeoJSON

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ST_GEOMETRY

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SQL SPATIAL (GEOMETRY & GEOGRAPHY)

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SDO_GEOMETRY

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WKT

WELL
KNOWN
TEXT

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 https://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisserver/9.3/java/index.htm#geodatabases/
st_geometry.htm
ST_GEOMETRY
CONSTRUCTOR

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 https://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisserver/9.3/java/index.htm#geodatabases/
SAMPLE st_geometry.htm
CONVERSION
FUNCTIONS

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 https://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisserver/9.3/java/index.htm#geodatabases/
SAMPLE st_geometry.htm
CONVERSION
FUNCTIONS

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CONVERSIONS

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VECTOR VS RASTER

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WMS/WMTS

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 https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/spatl/lrs-linear-referencing-system-concepts.html#GUID-9793361B-6C73-41E1-8389-

LRS 85D8788ED083

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SPATIAL INDEXES

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TOPOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS
Mention
“AnyInteract”

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TOLERANCE - EXAMPLE

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 https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/spatl/spatial-operators-reference.html#GUID-85422854-5133-4F1D-BF0E-
SPATIAL228CA6EDAF87

OPERATORS

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 https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/spatl/spatial-operators-reference.html#GUID-85422854-5133-4F1D-BF0E-
SPATIAL228CA6EDAF87

OPERATORS

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TOPOLOGICAL
CONSIDERATIONS

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 SIMPLIFY

threshold: if simplify is true, this value specifies the reduction

percentage (value must be 1 through 99);
e.g. threshold=75 means the geometry should be simplified
by 75%,
keeping only 25% of the vertices!!!

It might be necessary to simply spatial data

….make Spatial data load faster

Simplifying reduces the resolution and therefore the size of

data

Helpful for things like web apps which use leaflet

or even for interactive reports and dashboards

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SPATIAL JOINS

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SPATIAL QUERIES SELECT c.city
FROM geod_interstates i,
geod_cities c
WHERE i.highway = 'I170’
AND sdo_within_distance(
c.location,
i.geom,
'distance=15 unit=mile')='TRUE';

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SPATIAL QUERIES

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SPATIAL QUERIES

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 SPATIAL QUERIES
--Assign corridors to counties which has most of the segment (>50%)

select lines.ROUTE_ALIAS, lines.rp, lines.end_rp, county.COUNTY_NEW, county.name,

round((
sdo_geom.sdo_length(sdo_geom.sdo_intersection(lines.shape, county.geometry, .05),.05)
/
sdo_geom.sdo_length(lines.shape, .05)) * 100,1) PCT

from COMMUTER_CORRIDORS lines, county

where sdo_relate(lines.shape, county.geometry ,'querytype=window mask=anyinteract') =
'TRUE’

and round((
sdo_geom.sdo_length(sdo_geom.sdo_intersection(lines.shape, county.geometry, .05),.05)
/
sdo_geom.sdo_length(lines.shape, .05)) * 100,1) > 50

order by lines.ROUTE_ALIAS, rp;

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ESRI
PYTHON
PACKAGE

“ARC PY”

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 LEAFLET
Leaflet.js is currently one of the most popular mapping libraries

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LEAFLET

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LEAFLET

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LEAFLET

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LEAFLET

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POWER BI

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POWER BI

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POWER BI

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POWER BI

Market place

Ex: Flow Map

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POWER BI

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POWER BI + MAPBOX VIZ

Mapbox is scalable
(can handle tens of thousands of
points)

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POWER BI + MAPBOX VIZ

3D

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POWER BI + ARCGIS VIZ

Arcgis has reference

layers ….many are
publicly available
(demographics,
airports, etc)

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POWER BI + AZURE MAPS

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POWER BI + AZURE MAPS

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POWER BI + AZURE MAPS

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POWER BI + AZURE MAPS

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POWER BI + AZURE MAPS

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POWER BI + AZURE MAPS

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AZURE MAPS
(REST APIS)

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LASSO!
There are a few geometry selection methods
which include lasso’ing your mouse

Map selection can also be used as a filter

for an entire dashboard
and can force refresh of all related data sheets

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 https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/latest/map/working-with-layers/drawing-features-to-show-quantities-drawing-
pie-ch.htm

CHARTS ON MAPS

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 https://geojson.io
GENERATE GEOJSON

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PRICING CAN VARY DEPENDING ON SOFTWARE/SERVICE

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PRICING CAN VARY DEPENDING ON SOFTWARE/SERVICE

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PRICING CAN VARY DEPENDING ON SOFTWARE/SERVICE

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 https://doc.arcgis.com/en/arcgis-online/administer/credits.htm#ESRI_SECTION1_709121D2C7694DCAB9B8592F36F7A5BA

PRICING CAN VARY

DEPENDING ON
SOFTWARE/SERVICE

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QGIS https://qgis.org/

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QGIS
https://qgis.org/

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QGIS https://qgis.org/

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QGIS https://qgis.org/

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QGIS https://qgis.org/

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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AI + GIS

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API’S ARE ALSO AVAILABLE
FOR THINGS LIKE GEOCODING

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I HAVE A GEO-CODING PROJECT UNDERWAY
Research Data Project

https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding/overview
https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql
72 /geography_functions#st_distance
PRIVACY PROTECTION RELATED TO PATIENT GEO-CODING
DATA

…
The De-identification Standard
…
The second is the “Safe Harbor” method:

(2)(i) The following identifiers of the individual or of relatives, employers, or household members of the individual,
are removed:
(A) Names
(B) All geographic subdivisions smaller than a state, including street address, city, county, precinct, ZIP code, and
their equivalent geocodes, …
….
(K) Certificate/license numbers

(ii) The covered entity does not have actual knowledge that the information could be used alone or in combination
with other information to identify an individual who is a subject of the information.
…
HIPAA “Safe Harbor” de-identification method:
https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/special-topics/de-identification/
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index.html
PRIVACY PROTECTION RELATED TO PATIENT GEO-CODING
DATA

HIPAA “Safe Harbor” de-identification method:

https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/special-topics/de-identification/
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index.html
PLEASE REACH OUT
WITH ANY
QUESTIONS

Michael Dockery
317-378-0619
DataDockery@protonmail.com