Scribd
Upload
4 views50 pages

M.pdf

The document covers the concept of homeostasis, introduced by Walter Cannon, which refers to the maintenance of stable internal conditions in the body, particularly focusing on extracellular fluid (ECF) as the internal environment. It discusses mechanisms of homeostasis, including negative and positive feedback systems, and their roles in regulating body functions. Additionally, it includes multiple-choice questions and answers related to these physiological concepts.

Uploaded by

Opu Debnath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views50 pages

M.pdf

The document covers the concept of homeostasis, introduced by Walter Cannon, which refers to the maintenance of stable internal conditions in the body, particularly focusing on extracellular fluid (ECF) as the internal environment. It discusses mechanisms of homeostasis, including negative and positive feedback systems, and their roles in regulating body functions. Additionally, it includes multiple-choice questions and answers related to these physiological concepts.

Uploaded by

Opu Debnath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 50

General

Physiology &
Blood Physiology
Item-1

Topic: homeostasis
Instructor- Minhaj Murad
Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College (4th year)
Class contents:

 Homeostasis
 ECF and ICF
 Control system of our body
 Positive feedback mechanism
 Negative feedback mechanism
 Feed forword control
Homeostasis
Walter Cannon (1871–1945) coined the term homeostasis to
describe the maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the
internal environment.
What is internal environment?

the extracellular fluid is also called the internal environment of the


body, or the “milieu intérieur”.
the term “milieu intérieur”. introduced by the great 19th- century
French physiologist Claude Bernard (1813–1878).
Internal
ECF homeostasis
environment
Normal value of ECF:
ECF vs ICF
Importance of maintaining normal ECF value:
How homeostasis is maintained in our body?

By different body system such as:


Blood circulatory system:
Origin of nutrients and their metabolism:
Origin of nutrients and their metabolism:
Origin of nutrients and their metabolism:
Origin of nutrients and their metabolism:
Removal of metabolic end product:

Excreatory system:
Regulation of body function:
Protection of the body:
Reproduction:
Mechanism of maintaining homeostasis:
Negative feedback mechanism:
Positive feedback mechanism:
Positive feedback sometimes be useful:
Feed forword control:
Gain of control system:
MCQ practice:

1. What is the primary function of a positive feedback


mechanism?
a) To maintain stability
b) To amplify a response
c) To counteract change
d) To restore equilibrium
Ans: b) To amplify a response
2. Which of the following is an example of positive
feedback in the human body?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Blood glucose regulation
c) Childbirth contractions
d) Regulation of blood pressure
Ans: c) Childbirth contractions
3. Negative feedback mechanisms in biological
systems primarily function to:
a) Enhance the initial stimulus
b) Maintain stability and homeostasis
c) Increase the response to a stimulus
d) Produce exaggerated responses
Ans: b) Maintain stability and homeostasis
4. Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in the
human body?
a) Release of insulin to lower blood sugar levels
b) Release of adrenaline during a fight-or-flight response
c) Uterine contractions during childbirth
d) Shivering to increase body temperature in response to cold

Ans: a) Release of insulin to lower blood sugar levels


5. In a negative feedback loop, the effector's
response:
a) Amplifies the initial stimulus
b) Opposes the initial change
c) Enhances the initial change
d) Has no effect on the initial change
Ans: b) Opposes the initial change
6. Which statement best describes the role of positive completion.
a) It maintains stability by opposing changes in the body.
b) It amplifies responses and drives processes to
completion.
c) It counteracts the effects of external stimuli.
d) It dampens responses to maintain equilibrium.
Ans: b) It amplifies responses and drives processes to completion
7. During positive feedback, what happens to the
output of a system?
a) It decreases
b) It remains constant
c) It increases
d) It fluctuates randomly
Ans: c) It increases
8. Which of the following is NOT an example of positive
feedback?
a) Blood clotting cascade
b) Release of oxytocin during childbirth
c) Regulation of body temperature
d) Ripening of fruit
Ans: c) Regulation of body temperature
9. Negative feedback mechanisms are essential for:
a) Amplifying responses to stimuli
b) Maintaining stability and homeostasis
c) Initiating physiological processes
d) Reacting to environmental changes
Ans: b) Maintaining stability and homeostasis
10. How does a positive feedback mechanism differ from a negative feedback mechanism?
a) Positive feedback enhances the initial stimulus, while negative feedback opposes it.
b) Positive feedback maintains stability, while negative feedback amplifies responses.
c) Positive feedback decreases the response to a stimulus, while negative feedback
increases it.
d) Positive feedback and negative feedback have the same function in biological
systems.

Ans: a) Positive feedback enhances the initial stimulus, while


negative feedback opposes it.
Viva Questions

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy