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Questions & Negatives g10

The document provides an overview of various types of questions in English, including yes/no questions, wh-questions, and their structures. It explains how to form negative statements and questions, as well as the use of question phrases and prepositions. Additionally, it discusses the nuances of using 'what' and 'which' and the concept of indirect questions.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
2 views18 pages

Questions & Negatives g10

The document provides an overview of various types of questions in English, including yes/no questions, wh-questions, and their structures. It explains how to form negative statements and questions, as well as the use of question phrases and prepositions. Additionally, it discusses the nuances of using 'what' and 'which' and the concept of indirect questions.

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ishaqally7
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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QUESTIONS

&
NEGATIVES
YES/NO QUESTIONS

• can be answered with yes or no


• used for asking for information (unless they contain modals –
they can have different meaning then)

• Are you ready? – Yes, nearly. / No, not quite.


• Has anyone seen my mobile? – Yes, it’s here. / No, I haven’t.
• Would you like to have a drink with me? – Yes, I’d love to. /
No, I’m afraid I don’t have enough time.
YES/NO QUESTIONS

• FORM:
• a yes/no question begins with an auxiliary verb
(inversion)
• it is ‘be’ or ‘have’ or a modal verb (can,will,
STATEMENT QUESTION
may...)It is raining Is it raining?
• if thereHeishasno auxiliary,
been to Japan. add
Has‘do’
he been to Japan?
She can come tonight. Can she come tonight?
I live in London. Do you live in London?
They went to France. Did they go to France?
WH-QUESTIONS

• a wh-question begins with a question word


• we use them to ask for information
• question words are: who, what, which, whose,
where, when, why & how

• Why are you going home? (reason)


• Where does he live? (place)
• How long has she been there? (period of time)
• How many people were there? (number)
WH-QUESTIONS

 FORM
 after the question word there is an auxiliary verb, then

the subject and the main verb


 if there is no auxiliary, add ‘do’
 What is Tony doing?
 Where do they go?

 if there is more than one auxiliary verb, only the first


one comes before the subject
 How long have you been waiting here?
 What should I have said in that situation?
QUESTION PHRASES

 question words can combine with nouns, adjectives and


adverbs
 What time is your friend arriving?
 What kind of a club is it?
 What sort of books do you read?
 What colour are your new shoes?
 How fast does your car go?
 How old is your sister?
 How much money do you spend?
 How far is the beach?
WHAT & WHICH
• in most cases there is no difference between what
& which
• What is the biggest city in your country? OR
• Which is the biggest city in your country?

• however, if the speaker has a limited number of


choices in mind, we use which
• Which coat is yours, the blue one or the black one?
• if the speaker has an unlimited number of choices
in mind, we use what
• What car do you drive? (of all the models in the
SUBJECT/OBJECT QUESTIONS

who & what can be the subject of a question; who & what can also be the object; in that
the word order is the same as in statements case we need an auxiliary (inversion)

SUBJECT OBJECT
Who rang you? Who did you ring?
(someone rang you) (you rang somebody)
Who is helping you? Who are you helping?
(someone is helping you) (you are helping someone)
What will happen next? What will they do next?
(something will happen next) (they will do something)
SUBJECT/OBJECT QUESTIONS

• which, whose, how many & how much can


also be either the subject or the object

SUBJECT OBJECT
Which program will work best? Which program will you use?
(one of the programs will work best) (you will use one of the programs )
Whose dog is barking over there? Whose dog is she walking?
(someone’s dog is barking) (she is walking someone’s dog)
How many people came past? How many people did you see?
(some people came past) (you saw some people)
How much oil got into the river? How much oil did you buy?
(some oil got into the river) (you bought some oil)
PREPOSITIONS IN WH-QUESTIONS

 a question word can be the object of a preposition


 What are you looking for? (you are looking for something)
 What are you worrying about? (you are worrying about

something)

 the preposition normally comes in the same place as in


statements
 For what are you looking?
 About what are you worrying?
PREPOSITIONS IN WH-QUESTIONS

 a question with what...for asks about purpose


 What are these bricks for? – We are going to build a wall.
 What are they digging a tunnel for? – To finish the road.
 what...for means the same as why
 Why are they digging a tunnel? – To finish the road.

 a question with what...like asks for description


 What was the party like? (tell me something about it)
 What is she like? (tell me something about her)
 What does she look like? (describe her looks)

 a question with how asks about someone’s well-being


 How is your mother? Any better after the flu?
INDIRECT QUESTIONS

 indirect or reported questions are no longer questions


by form – i.e. there is no inversion and no do/does/did
 if there is a question mark at the end, that is because

of the beginning of the question


 I wonder what she is doing.
 I wonder what is she doing.
 Do you remember how she made the salad?
 Do you remember how did she make the salad?
 Do you know what time it is?
 Do you know what time is it?
NEGATIVE STATEMENTS

• we make the negatives by adding not (n’t) after the


auxiliary verb
• if there is no auxiliary, not (n’t) is added to
do/does/did
• He isn’t playing computer games.
• They haven’t seen the film yet.
• She wasn’t listening to me.
• He won’t be arriving soon.
• They don’t have any children.

NEGATIVE STATEMENTS

 infinitives and –ing forms can also be negative


 We decided not to do anything.
 He likes not working. It suits him.
 not can go with other parts of the sentence
 Ask him, not me.
 I drink tea, not coffee.
 when we introduce negative ideas with think, believe,
suppose and imagine, we make these verbs negative, not the
second ones
 I don’t think you should smoke that much.
 I don’t suppose you would go out with me?
NEGATIVE STATEMENTS

 we can also use no before a noun or an adjective + noun


 the verb then has to be positive because English can

never have double negation


 No smoking is allowed here.
 No smoking isn’t allowed here.
 There are no new houses in the village.
 There aren’t no new houses in the village.
NEGATIVE QUESTIONS

• negative questions can express various ideas

• Haven’t you quit smoking? (surprise)


• Don’t you think you should drink less?
(suggestion)
• Wouldn’t it be better to go tomorrow?
(persuasion)
• Can’t you do anything right? (criticism)
• Isn’t it a lovely day?! (exclamation)
NEGATIVE QUESTIONS

• in the main use of negative questions, the speaker


would normally expect a positive situation, but
now expresses a negative situation and is therefore
surprised
• Don’t you like chocolate? Everybody loves it!
• Haven’t you done the dishes? What have you been
doing in the kitchen then?
• negative questions can also mean confirm what I
think is true
AVALIABLE AT:

Thank you!!!!

More practices needed.

By Mr.Isiaka Ally MWaisemba

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