Union budget 2025

Important points
 Introduction
• Article 112 of the Constitution of India refers to the Union Budget as
the "Annual Financial Statement," which presents the estimated
receipts and expenditures of the government for a financial year.
• R.K. Shanmukham Chetty presented India’s first Budget on 26th
November 1947, after independence.
• Departmental Standing Committees review different ministries’
expenditure proposals (Demands for Grants) and recommend
necessary changes before the budget is passed.
• The CAG of India audits the government’s financial transactions and
reports its findings to Parliament.
• The Ministry of Finance, specifically the Department of Economic
Affairs, prepares the budget, and the Finance Minister presents it in
Parliament.
• Since 2017, the Union Budget has been presented on 1st February to ensure
better implementation of policies before the new financial year starts in
April
• The Revenue Budget deals with day-to-day income and expenditure, while
the Capital Budget deals with investments, borrowings, and asset creation.
• Before 1999, the Union Budget was traditionally presented at 5 PM, a
practice followed since the British era.
• In 1999, the then Finance Minister Yashwant Sinha changed the timing to
11 AM to make it more convenient for policymakers, markets, and the
public.
• On 1st February 2021, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman
presented India’s first paperless budget using a digital tablet enclosed
in a Bahi-Khata-style pouch.
• This shift was made to promote the Digital India initiative and reduce
paper usage, especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
• The Budget Session of Parliament is divided into two phases. First
Part: January 31 – February 13, 2025; Second Part: March 10 –
April 4, 2025.
• The first phase includes the presentation of the Budget, and the second
phase includes discussions, approvals, and passing of the budget.
• The Union Budget for 2025-26 was presented by Finance Minister
Nirmala Sitharaman on February 1, 2025.
• This budget aims to drive economic growth through four primary
engines – agriculture, micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs),
investments, and exports.
• The government has prioritised reforms across various sectors,
focusing on inclusivity and sustainable development, with the
ultimate goal of achieving a Viksit Bharat (Developed India) by
2047.
• The Union Budget 2025-26, with the theme Sabka Vikas, aims to
stimulate balanced growth across all regions.
• In line with the Budget theme, the Finance Minister outlined
the broad principles of Viksit Bharat.
• The Union Budget 2025 highlights of India outline the ongoing initiatives focused
on Ten key priorities to create abundant opportunities for everyone. They are:

1. Agriculture
2. MSMEs
3. Funds or Investment for Startups
4. Additional Seats in IITs and Medical Colleges
5. Uplift Household Sentiments
6. Enhance the Spending Power Of India’s Rising Middle Class
7. Greenfield Airports for Bihar
8. Promoting innovation in partnership with the private sector
9. Income tax reductions
10.Exports
 Agriculture Initiatives

• The budget emphasises enhancing agricultural productivity and self-

sufficiency.
Key initiatives include:
• Self-Sufficiency in Pulses: A 6-year ‘Mission for Aatmanirbharta
(self-reliance) in Pulses’ was announced, with a special emphasis
on tur/arhar (pigeonpea), urad (black gram) and masoor (red lentil).
• Boost to Makhana Cultivation: Bihar to get a Makhana Board, with
FPOs (Farmer Producer Organizations) helping 10 lakh people
involved in the industry. It will help boost the production, processing
and marketing of makhana (fox nuts).
• ‘Rural Prosperity and Resilience’ program to provide skill training,
investments, and technology for better rural job opportunities. It will
be launched in collaboration with states.
• High-Yielding Seeds Mission:
• Research & development of high-yield, pest-resistant, and climate-
resilient seeds.
• Commercial availability of 100+ new seed varieties developed
since July 2024.
• New Urea Plant in Assam: Annual production capacity of 12.7 lakh
tonnes. This will be the 7th new urea plant since 2019.
 Support for MSMEs

• Higher Investment & Turnover Limits: MSME classification investment &

turnover limits increased to 2.5 and 2 times respectively.
• Credit Access Enhanced:
• Micro & Small Enterprises: Credit guarantee increased from ₹5 crore to ₹10
crore.
• Startups: Guarantee increased from ₹10 crore to ₹20 crore.
• Exporter MSMEs: Term loans up to ₹20 crore.
• Customized Credit Cards: MSMEs to get ₹5 lakh Udyam credit cards (10 lakh
cards in first year).
• Startup Fund of Funds Expanded:
• Additional ₹10,000 crore
• Govt-backed Alternate Investment Funds (AIFs) have committed ₹91,000
crore to startups.
• New Scheme for Women, SC/ST Entrepreneurs: ₹2 crore term
loans for first-time business owners.
• National Action Plan for Toys: ‘Make in India’ focus to make India a
global toy hub.
• National Manufacturing Mission:
• Make in India support for MSMEs & large enterprises.
• Focus on clean tech manufacturing (solar panels, EV batteries,
wind turbines, etc.).
• The mission will also help reduce China’s strong control over clean
technology. Right now, China makes 80% of the world’s batteries
and produces 80% of the key parts needed for solar cells.
 Investments

• Jal Jeevan Mission Extended: 100% water supply coverage till 2028.
• Urban Challenge Fund:
• ₹1 lakh crore fund to improve cities.
• Covers ‘Cities as Growth Hubs’, Creative Redevelopment, Water &
Sanitation.
• Nuclear Energy Mission:
• Develop at least 100 GW of nuclear capacity by 2047.
• Encourage private companies to invest in nuclear energy by changing laws
like the Atomic Energy Act and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act.
• Launch at least five small modular reactors (SMRs) by 2033. These are
compact, safer, and will help in expanding nuclear power generation.
• Shipbuilding Development

• Revised Shipbuilding Financial Assistance Policy will provide

subsidies for ships built in India from 2024 to 2034.
• The government has set aside about ₹18,000 crore for this, and the
subsidy will be based on either the agreed price or the fair value of
the ship.
• The ₹25,000 crore Maritime Development Fund will offer long-
term, low-cost financial support for building ships in India and
other ocean-related projects.
• Shipbuilding Clusters to improve technology & infrastructure
• Regional Air Connectivity (UDAN Scheme):
• 120 new destinations.
• Helipads & small airports for hilly & North East regions.
• Deep Tech Fund of Funds:
• Investments in next-gen startups.
• 10,000 PM Research Fellowships in IITs/IISc.
• National Geospatial Mission:
• Digital mapping infrastructure for better planning & governance.
• Gyan Bharatam Mission:
• It supports the digitization & preservation of Indian manuscripts.
• To support this new initiative, the government has increased the budget for the
National Manuscripts Mission (NMM) from ₹3.5 crore to ₹60 crore
 Export Promotion
Exports
• Export Promotion Mission:
• ₹2,250 crore allocated to boost exports.
• Support for export credit, cross-border factoring, and easing non-tariff
measures for MSMEs.
• Commerce, MSME, and Finance Ministries will jointly drive this initiative.
• BharatTradeNet:
• A unified digital platform for trade documentation & finance.
• It will be developed in line with the international best practices to ensure ease
of doing businesses
• GCC National Framework
• National Framework was announced for creating Global Capability Centres
(GCCs) in emerging Tier-II cities.
• It will focus on improving talent availability, infrastructure, and collaboration
with industries to attract more back-office operations outside metro cities like
Bengaluru and NCR.
• India currently has over 1,700 GCCs, which make up 17% of such centres
worldwide. Majority of these centres are located in large cities, employing
around 1.9 million professionals.
• Better Air Cargo Infrastructure:
• Faster customs clearance for perishable goods.
 Tax Reforms

• Taxpayers
• Income Tax Exemption: No tax on income up to ₹12 lakh. With a
standard deduction, salaried individuals can remain tax-free up to
₹12.75 lakh.
• Rebate and Tax Savings: A rebate of ₹60,000 and changes in tax
slabs could result in savings of up to ₹1.1 lakh.
• Extended Filing for Returns: Updated tax returns can be filed up to
48 months from the end of the assessment year.
• No Deemed Rent for Two Self-Occupied Homes: There will be no
deemed rent for two self-occupied house properties.
• Increased Threshold for TCS: The threshold for Tax Collected at
Source (TCS) on overseas remittances has been raised to ₹10 lakh.
No TCS will be applied on remittances for education from loans.
• TDS on Rent: Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) on house rent will apply
only for rents above ₹6 lakh a year, compared to the earlier ₹2.4 lakh.
• Tax Exemption for Senior Citizens: Withdrawals from National
Small Savings (NSS) accounts by senior citizens after August 29,
2024, will be tax-exempt.
• Additional Tax on Updated Returns: If updated returns are filed
after 24 months and up to 36 months, an additional tax of 60% on the
total tax and interest will be applicable. After 36 months, it will be
70% with interest.
• No tax is levied on income up to ₹12 lakh.
• For income between ₹8 lakh and ₹12 lakh, a 10% tax is applied only
to the amount exceeding ₹8 lakh.
• For income between ₹12 lakh and ₹16 lakh, a 15% tax is applied
only to the amount exceeding ₹12 lakh.
• This pattern continues, with higher tax rates applied to higher income
slabs.
• If someone earns ₹18 lakh annually under the new regime:
• ₹0–12 lakh: 0% tax = ₹0
• ₹12–16 lakh: 15% tax = 15% of ₹4 lakh = ₹60,000
• ₹16–18 lakh: 20% tax = 20% of ₹2 lakh = ₹40,000
• Total tax = ₹60,000 + ₹40,000 = ₹1,00,000
•The new tax regime is optional, and taxpayers can choose between
the old regime (with deductions and exemptions) and the new
regime (with lower rates but no deductions).
•The new regime is beneficial for individuals who do not have
significant investments or expenses that qualify for deductions.
 Investors

• NPS Deduction: Payments to the NPS Vatsalya scheme will be eligible

for a ₹50,000 deduction, similar to the NPS scheme under the old tax
regime.
• TDS on Bank Interest for Senior Citizens: TDS on bank interest for
senior citizens will apply only if it exceeds ₹1 lakh. For others, the
threshold is increased to ₹50,000.
• TDS on Dividend Income: TDS on dividend income will apply if the
income exceeds ₹10,000.
Consumers

• Customs Duty on Life-saving Drugs: No basic customs duty on 36

life-saving drugs for cancer and rare diseases. Customs duty is also
exempted on 37 more medicines and 13 patient assistance programs,
provided they are given free to patients.
• Reduced Customs Duty: Basic customs duty (BCD) on goods
imported for personal use has been reduced from 38.5% to 20%. Duty
on imported jewelry articles has been reduced from 25% to 20%.
• Lower Customs Duty on Furniture: Customs duty on the import of
furniture, mattresses, and bedding articles has been reduced from
27.5% to 25%.
 Business People

• Startups: Startups incorporated before April 1, 2030, will get a 10-

year tax holiday. A ₹10,000 crore fund of funds will support startups.
• TDS on Sale of Goods: Only 0.1% TDS on the sale of goods
exceeding ₹50 lakh. No Tax Collected at Source (TCS).
• Decriminalization of TCS Default: TCS payment defaults will no
longer be a criminal offense.
• Reduced Duty on Components for EVs and Phones: Basic customs
duty on components used to make LCD/LED panels and capital goods
for EV and mobile phone batteries has been reduced.
• Scheme for Non-Leather Footwear and Leather Products: A scheme
will support manufacturing capacity, component production, and
machinery for non-leather footwear and leather products.
• Provisional Assessments: The time limit for finalizing provisional
assessments of import/export bills will be two years, extendable by
another year.
• Voluntary Declaration for Tax: Importers and exporters can voluntarily
declare facts and pay tax without penalty after clearing goods.
• Loss Carry Forward for Amalgamated Companies: Amalgamated
companies can carry forward losses only for 8 years.
• Upfront Payment for Penalty Appeals: Businesses must deposit 10% of
the penalty upfront when appealing to the appellate commissioner.
• Social Sector Allocation
• Education Budget: The education sector received ₹1.28 lakh crore in
the 2025-26 Budget, an increase from ₹1.14 lakh crore in revised
estimates for 2024-25. This is part of a consistent rise in education
spending from ₹97,000 crore in 2022-23.
• Rural Development: The allocation for rural development increased
to ₹2.66 lakh crore in 2025-26, compared to ₹2.65 lakh crore in
Budget estimates for 2024-25 and ₹1.90 lakh crore in revised
estimates for 2024-25.
• Health Budget: Health allocation increased to ₹98,311 crore in 2025-
26, up from ₹88,032 crore in revised estimates for 2024-25. It was
₹89,287 crore in Budget estimates for 2024-25.
• Social Services Expenditure Growth: Social services expenditure
(SSE) has been increasing over the years. It rose from 23.3% of total
government expenditure in FY21 to 26.2% in FY25. In FY24, SSE
increased by 21%, and in FY25, it grew by another 10%. Over five
years from FY21 to FY25, SSE grew at a Compound Annual Growth
Rate (CAGR) of 15%.
• Total Social Sector Spending: The total social sector spending by
central and state governments was ₹14.8 lakh crore in FY21. It is
expected to rise to ₹25.7 lakh crore in FY25.
• Challenges
• Implementation Gaps: Despite rising allocations, there are
significant gaps between budget estimates and revised estimates,
showing the need for better implementation and improved
absorption capacities.
• Education Funding: Even though the education budget has
increased, the funding for education remains around 2.7-2.9% of
GDP, which is lower than the global benchmark of 4-6% set by
UNESCO.
• Health Funding: While health spending has grown to 1.9% of
GDP, it still falls short of the 2.5% target set by the National
Health Policy 2017.
 Gender Budgeting

• Women were one of the four key focus groups in the Budget 2025-26,
along with the poor, youth, and farmers.
• Since 2005-06, the government releases the Gender Budget Statement
(GBS) along with the Union Budget.
• This is not a separate budget for women but a reporting tool showing
allocations for women and girls in existing schemes.
• The GBS has three parts: Part A (100% allocation for women), Part B
(30-99% allocation for women), and Part C (1-29% allocation for
women).
• Increased Allocation for Women:
• The total allocation for women and girls in the GBS for 2025-26 is
₹4.49 lakh crore, a 37% increase from the previous year (2024-25).
• The proportion of total government expenditure dedicated to
women’s schemes has risen from 5% in FY 2019-20 to 9% in FY
2025-26.
• Issues in Allocation and Implementation:
• While overall funding for women has increased, Part A allocations
(which fully fund women-focused schemes) have remained stagnant
over time.
• This could either reflect a greater gender focus in Part B and C
schemes or suggest arbitrary or misallocated funds for women and
girls.
• Examples of Key Schemes:
• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee
Scheme (MGNREGS): Guarantees at least one-third of its budget
for women, and historically, about half of the workers have been
women. For FY 2025-26, 47% of the total MGNREGS budget is
allocated to women.
• Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM): Aimed at providing functional tap
connections to rural households, reducing the burden on women
who traditionally fetch water. In FY 2025-26, 31% of JJM’s
allocation is for women, but this is a decline from the previous
years, suggesting less focus on women in the long term.
• Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Grameen (PMAY-G): Ensures
that rural houses are built in women’s names, but only 23% of
houses have been allotted to women, showing a gap between goals
and implementation.
• Mission Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0: Focuses on health
and nutrition for women and children, with some inconsistencies in
how the scheme is reported in the GBS
• Self-Help Groups (SHGs) Empowerment: The government’s support
for women’s self-help groups has increased, with the National Rural
Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) moving to Part A of the GBS in FY 2024-
25, indicating better prioritization of women-focused schemes.
• Challenges
• Ambiguity in Reporting: The way ministries report gender-focused
schemes in the GBS is unclear. Some allocations appear arbitrary or
inconsistent, making it difficult to track actual progress toward
empowering women.
• Need for Gender Audits: Simply reporting allocations for women is
not enough. The government should conduct regular gender audits
across ministries to ensure effective implementation of women-
centered schemes and reflect a true commitment to empowering
women
 Short points
• No income tax on average monthly income of upto Rs 1 lakh; to boost
middle class household savings & consumption
• Salaried class to pay nil income tax upto ₹ 12.75 lakh per annum in
new tax regime
• Union budget recognises 4 engines of development – agriculture,
MSME, investment and exports
• Benefitting 1.7 crore farmers, ‘PRIME MINISTER DHAN-
DHAANYA KRISHI YOJANA’ to cover 100 low agricultural
productivity districts
• “MISSION FOR AATMANIRBHARTA IN PULSES” with a
special focus on tur, urad and masoor to be launched
• Loans upto Rs. 5 lakhs through KCC under modified interest
subvention scheme
• FY-25 estimated to end with fiscal deficit of 4.8%, target to bring it
down to 4.4% in fy-26
• Significant enhancement of credit with guarantee cover to MSMES
from ₹ 5 CR to ₹ 10 CR
• A national manufacturing mission covering small, medium and large
industries for furthering “make in india”
• 50,000 ATAL tinkering labs in government schools in next 5 years
• Centre of excellence in artificial intelligence for education, with a total
outlay of ₹ 500 crore
• PM Svanidhi with enhanced loans from banks, and UPI linked credit
cards with ₹ 30,000 limit
• Gig workers to get identity cards, registration on e-shram portal &
healthcare under pm Jan arogya yojana
• ₹ 1 lakh crore urban challenge fund for ‘cities as growth hubs’
• Nuclear energy mission for R&D of small modular reactors with an outlay
of ₹ 20,000 crore
• Modified UDAN scheme to enhance regional connectivity to 120 new
destinations
• ₹ 15,000 crore swamih fund to be established for expeditious completion
of another 1 lakh stressed housing units
• ₹ 20,000 crore allocated for private sector driven research development
and innovation initiatives
• Gyan bharatam mission for survey and conservation of manuscripts to
cover more than one crore manuscripts
• FDI limit enhanced for insurance from 74 to 100 per cent
• Jan vishwas bill 2.0 to be introduced for decriminalising more than 100
provisions in various laws
• Updated income tax returns time limit increased from two to four years
• Delay in TCS payment decriminalised
• TDS on rent increased from ₹ 2.4 lakh to ₹ 6 lakh
• BCD exempted on 36 lifesaving drugs and medicines for treating
cancer, rare and chronic diseases
• BCD on IFPD increased to 20% and on open cells reduced to 5%
• BCD on parts of open cells exempted to promote domestic
manufacturing
• To boost battery production, additional capital goods for ev and mobile
battery manufacturing exempted
• BCD exempted for 10 years on raw materials & components used
for ship building
• BCD reduced from 30% to 5% on frozen fish paste and 15% to 5% on
fish hydrolysate
Union Budget 2024-2025
Question Session
Who presented the Union Budget 2025?

a) Piyush Goyal
b) Nirmala Sitharaman
c) Arun Jaitley
d) Rajnath Singh
Who presented the Union Budget 2025?

a) Piyush Goyal
b) Nirmala Sitharaman
c) Arun Jaitley
d) Rajnath Singh
Which sector received significant funding for infrastructure
development in the Union Budget 2025?

a) Education
b) Health
c) Railways and highways
d) Defense
Which sector received significant funding for infrastructure
development in the Union Budget 2025?

a) Education
b) Health
c) Railways and highways
d) Defense
What key initiative aims to improve agricultural productivity in the
Union Budget 2025?

a) Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi

b) National Mission on High Yielding Seeds
c) Soil Health Card Scheme
d) Digital India Initiative
What key initiative aims to improve agricultural productivity in the
Union Budget 2025?

a) Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi

b) National Mission on High Yielding Seeds
c) Soil Health Card Scheme
d) Digital India Initiative
What initiative was announced to support first-time women
entrepreneurs in the Union Budget 2025?

a) Interest-free loans up to ₹1 crore

b) Term loans of up to ₹2 crore
c) Grants for women-led startups
d) Tax rebates for women entrepreneurs
b
What initiative was announced to support first-time women
entrepreneurs in the Union Budget 2025?

a) Interest-free loans up to ₹1 crore

b) Term loans of up to ₹2 crore
c) Grants for women-led startups
d) Tax rebates for women entrepreneurs
 What major tax reform was introduced in the Union Budget 2025
regarding income tax slabs?

a) Increased tax rates for higher income groups

b) Zero income tax for annual incomes up to ₹12 lakh under the new
tax regime
c) Introduction of a wealth tax
d) Higher exemptions for senior citizens
 What major tax reform was introduced in the Union Budget 2025
regarding income tax slabs?

a) Increased tax rates for higher income groups

b) Zero income tax for annual incomes up to ₹12 lakh under the new
tax regime
c) Introduction of a wealth tax
d) Higher exemptions for senior citizens
What is the fiscal deficit target set by government administration
for 2025-26?

a. 3.6% of GDP
b. 4.0% of GDP
c. 4.4% of GDP
d. 5.2% of GDP
What is the fiscal deficit target set by government administration
for 2025-26?

a. 3.6% of GDP
b. 4.0% of GDP
c. 4.4% of GDP
d. 5.2% of GDP
The 2025 Union Budget introduced exemption from Basic Customs
Duty (BCD) for?

a. Platinum findings
b. Cancer drugs
c. Motorcycles with engine capacity ≤1600 CC
d. All of the above
The 2025 Union Budget introduced exemption from Basic Customs
Duty (BCD) for?

a. Platinum findings
b. Cancer drugs
c. Motorcycles with engine capacity ≤1600 CC
d. All of the above
The 2025 Union Budget introduced exemption from Basic Customs
Duty (BCD) for?

a. Platinum findings
b. Cancer drugs
c. Motorcycles with engine capacity ≤1600 CC
d. All of the above
The 2025 Union Budget introduced exemption from Basic Customs
Duty (BCD) for?

a. Platinum findings
b. Cancer drugs
c. Motorcycles with engine capacity ≤1600 CC
d. All of the above
In the 2025 Union Budget the middle-class taxpayers acquired tax
exemption through the new tax slabs with a specified threshold
limit.
a. ₹1 lakh monthly income
b. ₹12 lakh annual income
c. ₹15 lakh annual income
d. ₹18 lakh annual income
In the 2025 Union Budget the middle-class taxpayers acquired tax
exemption through the new tax slabs with a specified threshold
limit.
a. ₹1 lakh monthly income
b. ₹12 lakh annual income
c. ₹15 lakh annual income
d. ₹18 lakh annual income
The budget for the MSME sector in 2025 Union Budget witnessed
growth through additional funding directed at all three of the
following sectors.

a. Tourism
b. Manufacturing
c. Export development
d. All of the above
The budget for the MSME sector in 2025 Union Budget witnessed
growth through additional funding directed at all three of the
following sectors.

a. Tourism
b. Manufacturing
c. Export development
d. All of the above
Basic Customs Duty exemption on which item has the government
implemented as part of export promotion measures according to the
2025 Budget?
a. Wet blue leather
b. Cancer treatment drugs
c. Fish paste
d. Handicraft exports
e. All of the above
Basic Customs Duty exemption on which item has the government
implemented as part of export promotion measures according to the
2025 Budget?
a. Wet blue leather
b. Cancer treatment drugs
c. Fish paste
d. Handicraft exports
e. All of the above
What measures has the government funded with ₹1 lakh crore
through its 2025 Union Budget?

a. Rural health programs

b. Urban Challenge Fund
c. National Manufacturing Mission
d. Skill development initiatives
What measures has the government funded with ₹1 lakh crore
through its 2025 Union Budget?

a. Rural health programs

b. Urban Challenge Fund
c. National Manufacturing Mission
d. Skill development initiatives
Several accurate statements exist about the “National Centres of Excellence
in Artificial Intelligence” launched through the 2025 Budget.
Developing functional expertise stands as the main goal behind this specific
initiative in artificial intelligence.
The government proposes to use ₹500 crore as funding for creating these centers.
The establishment of these centers is restricted to the best private educational
institutions.
The correct answer regarding the fiscal deficit target in 2025's Union Budget can
be found below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Several accurate statements exist about the “National Centres of Excellence
in Artificial Intelligence” launched through the 2025 Budget.
Developing functional expertise stands as the main goal behind this specific
initiative in artificial intelligence.
The government proposes to use ₹500 crore as funding for creating these centers.
The establishment of these centers is restricted to the best private educational
institutions.
The correct answer regarding the fiscal deficit target in 2025's Union Budget can
be found below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
During the 2025 Budget presentation the government announced
plans to extend the tax deduction benefits available to elderly citizens.
The Budget therefore consisted of which three major provisions?
An increase has been made to ₹1 lakh as the threshold amount for TDS
deductions on interest income.
Senior citizens now receive income tax exclusivity beyond ₹5 lakh.
A separate tax rate targeting pension receiver senior citizens has been
suggested by the government.
Use the following code to identify the accurate statement:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
During the 2025 Budget presentation the government announced
plans to extend the tax deduction benefits available to elderly citizens.
The Budget therefore consisted of which three major provisions?
An increase has been made to ₹1 lakh as the threshold amount for TDS
deductions on interest income.
Senior citizens now receive income tax exclusivity beyond ₹5 lakh.
A separate tax rate targeting pension receiver senior citizens has been
suggested by the government.
Use the following code to identify the accurate statement:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
The fiscal deficit target set in the 2025 Union Budget holds all the
following elements true.
No less than 4.4% of the gross domestic product will be the fiscal deficit
target during 2025-26.
The government plans to lower fiscal deficit to reach 4.0% of GDP by
2026.
The fiscal deficit target amounts to 4.8% of GDP during 2025 financial
year.
Choose the correct statement from the following options according to the
fiscal deficit target in the 2025 Union Budget:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
The fiscal deficit target set in the 2025 Union Budget holds all the
following elements true.
No less than 4.4% of the gross domestic product will be the fiscal deficit
target during 2025-26.
The government plans to lower fiscal deficit to reach 4.0% of GDP by
2026.
The fiscal deficit target amounts to 4.8% of GDP during 2025 financial
year.
Choose the correct statement from the following options according to the
fiscal deficit target in the 2025 Union Budget:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Several accurate statements exist about the “National Centres of Excellence
in Artificial Intelligence” launched through the 2025 Budget.
Developing functional expertise stands as the main goal behind this specific
initiative in artificial intelligence.
The government proposes to use ₹500 crore as funding for creating these centers.
The establishment of these centers is restricted to the best private educational
institutions.
The correct answer regarding the fiscal deficit target in 2025's Union Budget can
be found below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Several accurate statements exist about the “National Centres of Excellence
in Artificial Intelligence” launched through the 2025 Budget.
Developing functional expertise stands as the main goal behind this specific
initiative in artificial intelligence.
The government proposes to use ₹500 crore as funding for creating these centers.
The establishment of these centers is restricted to the best private educational
institutions.
The correct answer regarding the fiscal deficit target in 2025's Union Budget can
be found below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
During the 2025 Budget presentation the government announced
plans to extend the tax deduction benefits available to elderly citizens.
The Budget therefore consisted of which three major provisions?
An increase has been made to ₹1 lakh as the threshold amount for TDS
deductions on interest income.
Senior citizens now receive income tax exclusivity beyond ₹5 lakh.
A separate tax rate targeting pension receiver senior citizens has been
suggested by the government.
Use the following code to identify the correct statement:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
During the 2025 Budget presentation the government announced
plans to extend the tax deduction benefits available to elderly citizens.
The Budget therefore consisted of which three major provisions?
An increase has been made to ₹1 lakh as the threshold amount for TDS
deductions on interest income.
Senior citizens now receive income tax exclusivity beyond ₹5 lakh.
A separate tax rate targeting pension receiver senior citizens has been
suggested by the government.
Use the following code to identify the correct statement:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Which of the following measures was introduced in the 2025 budget to
enhance the availability of credit to MSME
Increased Credit Availability With Guarantee Cover From 5 Crore To 10
Crore
Scheme For Women Business Owner From Sc St Community With
Financing Option Up To Rs 2 Crore
A National Manufacturing Mission To Support All Sizes Of Manufacturing
Industries
Answer From The Code Below
(a) only 1
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Which of the following measures was introduced in the 2025 budget to
enhance the availability of credit to MSME
Increased Credit Availability With Guarantee Cover From 5 Crore To 10
Crore
Scheme For Women Business Owner From Sc St Community With
Financing Option Up To Rs 2 Crore
A National Manufacturing Mission To Support All Sizes Of Manufacturing
Industries
Answer From The Code Below
(a) only 1
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
The government Rs 1 lakh crore urban challenge fund aims to
achieve which of the following objectives
Making cities more efficient and growth oriented by improving
infrastructure
Providing capital for Urban Health projects
Promoting green and sustainable technologies in Metropolitan areas
select the correct answer using the code below
(a) only 1
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3
The government Rs 1 lakh crore urban challenge fund aims to
achieve which of the following objectives
Making cities more efficient and growth oriented by improving
infrastructure
Providing capital for Urban Health projects
Promoting green and sustainable technologies in Metropolitan areas
select the correct answer using the code below
(a) only 1
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3
Which sector will receive funding for the establishment of national
centre of excellence in the 2025 budget

(a) Education
(b) Artificial intelligence
(c) Manufacturing
(d) Agricultural Research
Which sector will receive funding for the establishment of national
centre of excellence in the 2025 budget

(a) Education
(b) Artificial intelligence
(c) Manufacturing
(d) Agricultural Research
Which of the following is not a component of Union budget capital
expenditure

(a) Investment infrastructure

(b) Loans to state government
(c) Daily operational cost
(d) Capital receipts
Which of the following is not a component of Union budget capital
expenditure

(a) Investment infrastructure

(b) Loans to state government
(c) Daily operational cost
(d) Capital receipts
Which of the following is the focus of 2025 budgets National
manufacturing mission

(a) Increasing manufacturing in rural area

(b) Supporting large and small scale manufacturing industries
(c) Promoting exports
(d) Encouraging automation in industries
Which of the following is the focus of 2025 budgets National
manufacturing mission

(a) Increasing manufacturing in rural area

(b) Supporting large and small scale manufacturing industries
(c) Promoting exports
(d) Encouraging automation in industries
Which of the following sector receives specific mentioned in the
2025 Union budget for developing rural infrastructure

(a) Agriculture
(b) MSME
(c) Urban Development
(d) All of the above
Which of the following sector receives specific mentioned in the
2025 Union budget for developing rural infrastructure

(a) Agriculture
(b) MSME
(c) Urban Development
(d) All of the above
Under the 2025 Union budget which sector was allocated enhanced
credit availability up to 10 crore for

(a) Manufacturing
(b) Service industry
(c) Retail
(d) Export industry
Under the 2025 Union budget which sector was allocated enhanced
credit availability up to 10 crore for

(a) Manufacturing
(b) Service industry
(c) Retail
(d) Export industry
Following government scheme is aimed at promoting agricultural
productivity in the 2025 budget

(a) Kisan Samman Nidhi

(b) PM Dhan Dhanya Krishi Yojana
(c) Aatmnirbhar Krishi Yojana
(d) Pradhanmantri fasal Bima Yojana
Following government scheme is aimed at promoting agricultural
productivity in the 2025 budget

(a) Kisan Samman Nidhi

(b) PM Dhan Dhanya Krishi Yojana
(c) Aatmnirbhar Krishi Yojana
(d) Pradhanmantri fasal Bima Yojana
Which of the following items were fully exempted from basic custom
duty under 2025 Union budget to boost domestic manufacturing and
exports
Cobalt and Lithium ion battery scrap
Platinum findings
Wet blue leather
Select the correct answer using the code below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Which of the following items were fully exempted from basic custom
duty under 2025 Union budget to boost domestic manufacturing and
exports
Cobalt and Lithium ion battery scrap
Platinum findings
Wet blue leather
Select the correct answer using the code below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
What is the focus of the ‘Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses’?

(A) Rice and Wheat

(B) Tur, Urad, and Masoor
(C) Fruits and Vegetables
(D) Cotton and Sugarcane
What is the focus of the ‘Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses’?

(A) Rice and Wheat

(B) Tur, Urad, and Masoor
(C) Fruits and Vegetables
(D) Cotton and Sugarcane
Which organizations will procure pulses from farmers under the
new mission?

(A) FCI and NABARD

(B) NAFED and NCCF
(C) ICAR and IFFCO
(D) APEDA and MPEDA
Which organizations will procure pulses from farmers under the
new mission?

(A) FCI and NABARD

(B) NAFED and NCCF
(C) ICAR and IFFCO
(D) APEDA and MPEDA
What is the objective of the National Mission on High-Yielding
Seeds?

(A) To import seeds from other countries

(B) To strengthen research and develop high-yielding seeds
(C) To reduce seed prices
(D) To ban genetically modified seeds
What is the objective of the National Mission on High-Yielding
Seeds?

(A) To import seeds from other countries

(B) To strengthen research and develop high-yielding seeds
(C) To reduce seed prices
(D) To ban genetically modified seeds
The government plans to focus on sustainable fisheries in which
areas?

(A) Ganga River Basin

(B) Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands
(C) Western Ghats
(D) Sundarbans Delta
The government plans to focus on sustainable fisheries in which
areas?

(A) Ganga River Basin

(B) Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands
(C) Western Ghats
(D) Sundarbans Delta
What is the duration of the ‘Mission for Cotton Productivity’?

(A) 3 years
(B) 5 years
(C) 7 years
(D) 10 years
What is the duration of the ‘Mission for Cotton Productivity’?

(A) 3 years
(B) 5 years
(C) 7 years
(D) 10 years
What will be the new loan limit under the Modified Interest
Subvention Scheme for KCC?

(A) ₹ 2 lakh
(B) ₹ 3 lakh
(C) ₹ 4 lakh
(D) ₹ 5 lakh
What will be the new loan limit under the Modified Interest
Subvention Scheme for KCC?

(A) ₹ 2 lakh
(B) ₹ 3 lakh
(C) ₹ 4 lakh
(D) ₹ 5 lakh
What is the goal of the ‘Comprehensive Programme for Vegetables
& Fruits’?

(A) To import fruits and vegetables

(B) To promote production, processing, and remunerative prices for
farmers
(C) To ban pesticide use
(D) To export only organic produce
What is the goal of the ‘Comprehensive Programme for Vegetables
& Fruits’?

(A) To import fruits and vegetables

(B) To promote production, processing, and remunerative prices for
farmers
(C) To ban pesticide use
(D) To export only organic produce
What is the revised classification criteria for MSMEs in terms of
investment and turnover?

(A) Investment and turnover limits to remain the same

(B) Investment limit to be enhanced to 2.5 times and turnover to 2 times
(C) Only turnover limit to be enhanced
(D) Investment limit to be reduced
What is the revised classification criteria for MSMEs in terms of
investment and turnover?

(A) Investment and turnover limits to remain the same

(B) Investment limit to be enhanced to 2.5 times and turnover to 2 times
(C) Only turnover limit to be enhanced
(D) Investment limit to be reduced
What is the limit of the customized credit cards for micro
enterprises registered on the Udyam portal?

(A) ₹ 1 lakh
(B) ₹ 5 lakh
(C) ₹ 10 lakh
(D) ₹ 25 lakh
What is the limit of the customized credit cards for micro
enterprises registered on the Udyam portal?

(A) ₹ 1 lakh
(B) ₹ 5 lakh
(C) ₹ 10 lakh
(D) ₹ 25 lakh
Which groups will benefit from the new scheme for first-time
entrepreneurs?

(A) Only women

(B) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(C) Women, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes
(D) Small and medium-sized businesses
Which groups will benefit from the new scheme for first-time
entrepreneurs?

(A) Only women

(B) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(C) Women, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes
(D) Small and medium-sized businesses
What is the loan limit for first-time entrepreneurs under the new
scheme?

(A) ₹ 50 lakh
(B) ₹ 1 crore
(C) ₹ 2 crore
(D) ₹ 5 crore
What is the loan limit for first-time entrepreneurs under the new
scheme?

(A) ₹ 50 lakh
(B) ₹ 1 crore
(C) ₹ 2 crore
(D) ₹ 5 crore
What will the Focus Product Scheme for Footwear & Leather
Sectors aim to enhance?

(A) Production of leather goods

(B) Productivity, quality, and competitiveness of the sector
(C) Imports of footwear
(D) International branding of leather products
What will the Focus Product Scheme for Footwear & Leather
Sectors aim to enhance?

(A) Production of leather goods

(B) Productivity, quality, and competitiveness of the sector
(C) Imports of footwear
(D) International branding of leather products
Where will the National Institute of Food Technology,
Entrepreneurship, and Management be set up?

(A) Maharashtra
(B) Tamil Nadu
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Bihar
Where will the National Institute of Food Technology,
Entrepreneurship, and Management be set up?

(A) Maharashtra
(B) Tamil Nadu
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Bihar
What is the aim of the National Manufacturing Mission?

(A) To reduce manufacturing costs

(B) To cover small, medium, and large industries for “Make in India”
(C) To attract foreign manufacturing companies
(D) To focus on high-tech industries
What is the aim of the National Manufacturing Mission?

(A) To reduce manufacturing costs

(B) To cover small, medium, and large industries for “Make in India”
(C) To attract foreign manufacturing companies
(D) To focus on high-tech industries
What is the goal of the Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0
scheme?

(A) To provide free food to Anganwadi children

(B) To enhance cost norms for nutritional support
(C) To provide health insurance to children
(D) To improve sanitation in Anganwadis
What is the goal of the Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0
scheme?

(A) To provide free food to Anganwadi children

(B) To enhance cost norms for nutritional support
(C) To provide health insurance to children
(D) To improve sanitation in Anganwadis
What is the primary objective of the Bharatnet project?

(A) To provide free internet to schools

(B) To improve broadband connectivity to government secondary
schools and PHCs in rural areas
(C) To establish broadband infrastructure in urban areas
(D) To provide broadband to private institutions
What is the primary objective of the Bharatnet project?

(A) To provide free internet to schools

(B) To improve broadband connectivity to government secondary
schools and PHCs in rural areas
(C) To establish broadband infrastructure in urban areas
(D) To provide broadband to private institutions
What does the Bharatiya Bhasha Pustak Scheme aim to provide?

(A) Printed Indian language books for schools

(B) Digital-form Indian language books for school and higher education
(C) Free books in regional languages
(D) English language books for rural areas
What does the Bharatiya Bhasha Pustak Scheme aim to provide?

(A) Printed Indian language books for schools

(B) Digital-form Indian language books for school and higher education
(C) Free books in regional languages
(D) English language books for rural areas
What is the purpose of setting up the Centre of
Excellence in AI for Education?

(A) To promote AI research

(B) To teach AI to students
(C) To develop AI solutions for educational institutions
(D) To enhance the use of AI in education
What is the purpose of setting up the Centre of
Excellence in AI for Education?

(A) To promote AI research

(B) To teach AI to students
(C) To develop AI solutions for educational institutions
(D) To enhance the use of AI in education
What are the key features of the revamped PM
SVANidhi scheme?

(A) Free loans for all workers

(B) Enhanced loans, UPI linked credit cards, and capacity
building support
(C) Free training for street vendors
(D) Financial aid for urban workers only
What are the key features of the revamped PM
SVANidhi scheme?

(A) Free loans for all workers

(B) Enhanced loans, UPI linked credit cards, and capacity
building support
(C) Free training for street vendors
(D) Financial aid for urban workers only
What is the goal of the Asset Monetization Plan for
2025-30?

(A) To reduce government investment in infrastructure

(B) To generate ₹10 lakh crore for new projects
(C) To privatize all public assets
(D) To reduce the burden on state budgets
What is the Nuclear Energy Mission for Viksit
Bharat aiming to achieve?

(A) To generate 50% of the country’s energy from nuclear

power
(B) To develop 5 Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) by 2033
(C) To export nuclear energy technology
(D) To reduce the use of fossil fuels in power generation
What is the Nuclear Energy Mission for Viksit
Bharat aiming to achieve?

(A) To generate 50% of the country’s energy from nuclear

power
(B) To develop 5 Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) by 2033
(C) To export nuclear energy technology
(D) To reduce the use of fossil fuels in power generation
What is the modified UDAN scheme aimed at
enhancing?

(A) Domestic air travel prices

(B) Regional connectivity to 120 new destinations
(C) International flight services
(D) Creating more airports in urban areas
What is the modified UDAN scheme aimed at
enhancing?

(A) Domestic air travel prices

(B) Regional connectivity to 120 new destinations
(C) International flight services
(D) Creating more airports in urban areas
What is the National Geospatial Mission aimed at
developing?

(A) Remote sensing technology

(B) Geospatial infrastructure and data
(C) Geographical mapping for tourism
(D) Agricultural research data
What is the National Geospatial Mission aimed at
developing?

(A) Remote sensing technology

(B) Geospatial infrastructure and data
(C) Geographical mapping for tourism
(D) Agricultural research data
What is the focus of the Gyan Bharatam Mission?

(A) To digitize educational content

(B) To promote scientific research in heritage
conservation
(C) To survey, document, and conserve manuscript
heritage
(D) To enhance library facilities across India
What is the focus of the Gyan Bharatam Mission?

(A) To digitize educational content

(B) To promote scientific research in heritage
conservation
(C) To survey, document, and conserve manuscript
heritage
(D) To enhance library facilities across India
What is the primary goal of the Export Promotion
Mission?

(A) To promote domestic trade

(B) To increase exports with sectoral and ministerial
targets
(C) To enhance import regulations
(D) To improve international diplomatic relations
What is the primary goal of the Export Promotion
Mission?

(A) To promote domestic trade

(B) To increase exports with sectoral and ministerial
targets
(C) To enhance import regulations
(D) To improve international diplomatic relations
What is the purpose of BharatTradeNet (BTN)?

(A) To create a new currency system for trade

(B) To serve as a unified platform for international trade
documentation and financing
(C) To provide global market insights
(D) To manage internal trade regulations
What is the purpose of BharatTradeNet (BTN)?

(A) To create a new currency system for trade

(B) To serve as a unified platform for international trade
documentation and financing
(C) To provide global market insights
(D) To manage internal trade regulations
What is the focus of the High-Level Committee for
Regulatory Reforms?

(A) Review of non-financial sector regulations,

certifications, licenses, and permissions
(B) To manage investment laws
(C) To regulate pension funds
(D) To enhance insurance policies
What is the focus of the High-Level Committee for
Regulatory Reforms?

(A) Review of non-financial sector regulations,

certifications, licenses, and permissions
(B) To manage investment laws
(C) To regulate pension funds
(D) To enhance insurance policies
What is the objective of the new Income-Tax Bill?

(A) To increase tax rates for high-income earners

(B) To make the tax structure more complex
(C) To simplify the text, making it clear and direct for
taxpayers and tax administration
(D) To impose special taxes on capital gains
What is the objective of the new Income-Tax Bill?

(A) To increase tax rates for high-income earners

(B) To make the tax structure more complex
(C) To simplify the text, making it clear and direct for
taxpayers and tax administration
(D) To impose special taxes on capital gains
What is the new limit for tax deduction at source
(TDS) on interest for senior citizens under the
rationalization measures?

(A) ₹50,000
(B) ₹75,000
(C) ₹1 lakh
(D) ₹1.5 lakh
What is the new limit for tax deduction at source
(TDS) on interest for senior citizens under the
rationalization measures?

(A) ₹50,000
(B) ₹75,000
(C) ₹1 lakh
(D) ₹1.5 lakh
What is the purpose of the changes in the Customs
Tariff Structure for Industrial Goods?

(A) To increase taxes on imports

(B) To apply more cess
(C) To simplify the tariff structure and reduce duty
incidence
(D) To introduce new products
What is the purpose of the changes in the Customs
Tariff Structure for Industrial Goods?

(A) To increase taxes on imports

(B) To apply more cess
(C) To simplify the tariff structure and reduce duty
incidence
(D) To introduce new products
The export time period for handicraft goods has
been extended from six months to __________.

(A) One year

(B) Two years
(C) 18 months
(D) Three years
The export time period for handicraft goods has
been extended from six months to __________.

(A) One year

(B) Two years
(C) 18 months
(D) Three years
THANK YOU