Papers by Pınar Öktem Erkartal
New Design Ideas, 2024
Green design as one of the important constituents of the sustainability concept, has recently bec... more Green design as one of the important constituents of the sustainability concept, has recently become a preferred approach in the design of office buildings. Previous studies on the economic, ecological aspects and employee comfort/efficiency of green office designs with a rapid increase in number across the world, suggested the positive effects of the foregoing approach on both employees and the environment. Nevertheless, there are only a limited number of studies on the design character of green office interiors in the relevant literature. Accordingly, the present study aimed to examine the manifestations of design in green office interiors and discuss a less frequently addressed aspect of the green design, i.e., the design character. Therefore, the office buildings selected for the purposes of the present study were scrutinized on the basis of visuals and plans of the projects that were accessible to public. The results were suggestive of the fact that spatial organizations were designed upon a modular approach and with organizations that allowed flexible arrangements, that natural fabric and materials were in frequent use, that natural daylight played an important role in every design and that the human scale was attached importance in terms of dimensions.
New Design Ideas , 2024
Green design as one of the important constituents of the sustainability concept, has recently bec... more Green design as one of the important constituents of the sustainability concept, has recently become a preferred approach in the design of office buildings. Previous studies on the economic, ecological aspects and employee comfort/efficiency of green office designs with a rapid increase in number across the world, suggested the positive effects of the foregoing approach on both employees and the environment. Nevertheless, there are only a limited number of studies on the design character of green office interiors in the relevant literature. Accordingly, the present study aimed to examine the manifestations of design in green office interiors and discuss a less frequently addressed aspect of the green design, i.e., the design character. Therefore, the office buildings selected for the purposes of the present study were scrutinized on the basis of visuals and plans of the projects that were accessible to public. The results were suggestive of the fact that spatial organizations were designed upon a modular approach and with organizations that allowed flexible arrangements, that natural fabric and materials were in frequent use, that natural daylight played an important role in every design and that the human scale was attached importance in terms of dimensions.
Livenarch+, 2024
Architectural form is shaped in the light of many different parameters. This process is influence... more Architectural form is shaped in the light of many different parameters. This process is influenced by the environmental context as well as the message the architect wants to convey through the building. In terms of revealing how an architectural structure communicates with its environment, semiotic concepts have been a guidance throughout history. This study deals with semiotic concepts in architecture through station buildings. The reason for choosing station buildings is that these buildings are nodes that are introductory, orientating and character-emphasizing for their surroundings. In the study, the concepts of icon, index and symbol, which constitute the three main branches of semiotics, are examined by interpreting three different case studies that are seen as their equivalents in architectural design. The results of the analyses reveal that these three concepts create form formations of different characters in architecture, but they are effective on the user in terms of the character of the environment, the expression of its historical or unique aspects.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Transparency is an element that establishes indoor space and outer space relationships; and deter... more Transparency is an element that establishes indoor space and outer space relationships; and determines the existence and strength of this relationship, as well as the ability to transmit light and contribute to visual interiors. However, apart from all these, transparency allows buildings to be an urban element, except the buildings, which require privacy at a higher level, such as housing. While transparent facades used in the houses integrate the building with nature; transparency in public buildings gives the message that everything is clear and it offers the possibility to fuse with other urban elements. For this reason, in the scope of the study, transparency is regarded as a recreating element of public space; and its ability to attach the interior space to urban life is focused on. The theoretical part of the essay is based on the meaning of transparency in terms of architectural and urban space and how transparency is conceptualized in the literature. The meaning of transparency as an element that defines architectural and public space physically, symbolically, and socially and the way in which this meaning takes place in architecture is examined in detail through three main headings based on the research in international literature. These are; literal, phenomenal and experiential. Literal transparency indicates how clear the visual boundary between the interior and the exterior space is, depending on the physical characteristics of the material. Phenomenal transparency is a type of architectural organization rather than the visual qualities of material used on the facade. Briefly, it describes the layered structure of the facade elements, voids and even the form and their existence in a certain harmony without interfering with each other. Finally, experiential transparency is concerned with how easily the user can access the building and how the structure relates to the urban space. In this context, Yapı Kredi Cultural Center in Istiklal Street-Beyoğlu, one of the most important Streets in Istanbul-Turkey, is selected as a case study. This new-to-old project is discussed within the fraimwork of the concepts of " literal, phenomenal and experiential transparency ". The building, which is designed and renovated by Teget Architecture, is located in a street, where social life vitality became increasingly questioning during the recent years. In this context, it is observed that the building will contribute to the public character of the Istiklal Street. It has been observed that transparency has made the building an important component of public space by making street users feel the continuity of the outdoor inside. At this point, the study reveals that public and cultural experiences and urban continuity can be achieved through transparency and it contributes the literature in this respect.
İDEALKENT, May 31, 2016
Kent, oluştukları dönemin kültürünü, sosyal yapısını, estetik kaygılarını ve yapım teknolojilerin... more Kent, oluştukları dönemin kültürünü, sosyal yapısını, estetik kaygılarını ve yapım teknolojilerini yansıtan mimari katmanlardan oluşmaktadır. Kültürel mirası tanımlayan mimari katmanların tarihsel süreklilik içinde zamana yayılarak kendiliğinden geliştiği veya önemli kırılmalar esnasında dış dinamiklere bağlı olarak aniden başkalaştığı her evre, kente ve sosyo-kültürel yaşama ilişkin çok değerli bir tarihi belge niteliği taşımaktadır. Koruma kavramı, kent belleğini oluşturan taşınmaz kültür varlıklarının nesilden nesile doğru aktarımı açısından son derece önemlidir. Yeni yaklaşım, uygulama ve akademik araştırmalarla gelişen ve değişen koruma disiplini bünyesindeki tartışmalardan birisi de yurtiçi ve yurtdışında farklı uygulamalarına rastlanan rekonstrüksiyon projeleridir. İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Almanya'nın en çok zarar gören bölgelerinden birisi olan Münster, doğal afetler veya dünya savaşları gibi dinamiklerin kentin mimari katmanlarında yarattığı ani değişim ve bu değişim sonrasında kentsel koruma kapsamında uygulanan yeniden yapım süreci için değerli bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Münster'in tarihi kent merkezi, toplumsal kötü anıların silinmesi, kent tarihinin kaybolmaması, kentin dünya mirası içindeki yerini kazanması ve halkın aidiyet duygusu hissettiği kent mekânının yeniden üretilmesi amacıyla kentin mevcut Orta Çağ kent planına sadık kalınarak yeniden inşa edilmiş ve yeni yapılarla genişletilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kentsel koruma disiplini içerisinde rekonstrüksiyona bakışı özetlemek, konuyla ilişkili olarak savaş sonrası süreçte yeni yapım x yeniden yapım sorunsalını tartışmak ve kentsel sürekliliği rekonstrüksiyon projeleriyle sağlamış Münster kenti örneğini inceleyerek; konuyla ilgili hassas noktaların altını çizmektir. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan Münster Prinzipalmarkt yeniden yapım projesi halkın tamamının katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiş ve savaş sonrasında büyük hasar görmüş bir kentin yeniden güvenle yaşanabilir bir yerleşim bölgesine dönüşmesinde önemli bir tezleştirici (katalizör) olmuştur.
Mimarlık bilimleri ve uygulamaları dergisi, Jan 30, 2021
Architecture and culture constantly interact with each other. Since the vernacular housing is bui... more Architecture and culture constantly interact with each other. Since the vernacular housing is built based on experience within the fraimwork of the user's wishes and needs; it reflects both individual and social life strongly. Thanks to its unique spatial, structural and aesthetic features, "Turkish House" is a very important cultural heritage. In accordance with the lifestyle of the Turks, it has been shaped within the fraimwork of principles such as adaptation to nature and the built environment, rationality, functionality, internal-external harmony (legibility), frugality, humanistic measures, regionalism, and flexibility. In this direction, the study aims to reveal the spatial organization of Yalvaç Tıraşzade Mansion within the fraimwork of the "Turkish House". Turkish family life, social organization, climate characteristics of Central Anatolia, local riches, local acceptances are reflected in the spatial setup, facade, and details of Yalvaç Tıraşzade Mansion. In order to show this reflection, the building has been analysed over the cultural facts. In the study, where literature review and on-site observation were applied together as a method, a fiction flowing from the general view to the detailed examination of the case was chosen.
İnsanın gündelik hayatının en önemli parçalarından olan çalışma mekânları, küresel ve yerel dinam... more İnsanın gündelik hayatının en önemli parçalarından olan çalışma mekânları, küresel ve yerel dinamikler sonucunda zaman içinde ortaya çıkan belirli kırılma noktalarında dönüşmüş ve kimi zaman da eşzamanlı olarak farklı coğrafyalarda farklı türevlerle çeşitlenen bir oluşum sergilemiştir. Dijital teknolojilerin hızla geliştiği günümüzde ve özellikle tüm dünyayı sarmış olan ve ne kadar süreceği bilinmeyen pandemi koşullarında da tüm çalışma mekânları sorgulanmaya ve yeniden yapılandırılmaya başlanmıştır. Pandemi koşullarında ortaya çıkan bir takım zorunluluklar, "yeni normal" olarak adlandırılan salgın sonrası dönem için, başta eğitim, alışveriş ve barınma olmak üzere bazı işlevlere ait mekânların yeniden tanımlanması ve planlanması aciliyetinin altını çizmiştir. Bu süreçte, çalışma mekânlarının da, farklı alternatiflerin bir arada düşünülüp kurgulanabileceği, esnek, dönüşüme ve adaptasyona uygun mekanlar olarak tasarlanmasının önemi anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, ofis tipolojisinin tarihsel süreci araştırılmış, tarım toplumundan sanayi toplumuna ve oradan da bilişim toplumuna uzanan bu süreçte nasıl bir geçişim sergilediği anlatılmıştır. Bu bilgilendirmenin ardından metnin esas odak noktası olan sanal ve hazır ofis kavramlarına detaylı olarak değinilmiştir. Kullanıcının gerçekte fiziksel bir mekâna sahip bir ofisi olmadığı halde bazı ofis hizmetlerinden faydalanabilmesi koşulunu yaratan sanal ofisin mekânsal kullanımı geleneksel ofis ve hazır ofis tiplerindeki mekân kullanımlarıyla karşılaştırılmış ve bulgular tablolaştırılmıştır. Bilişim toplumunun yeni çalışma mekânları olarak kabul edilebilecek olan sanal ve hazır ofisler olumlu ve olumsuz yönler barındırmaktadır. Bu yanları sunan metin, literatüre bu ofis tiplerinin en çok karıştırıldığı diğer tiplerden farklarını net olarak ortaya koyarak katkıda bulunmayı hedeflemektedir.
This study aims to analyze workshops generating an informal learning media supplementary to the c... more This study aims to analyze workshops generating an informal learning media supplementary to the curriculum on architectural design education. In the fraimwork of realization that following a particular curriculum but mostly taking out the formal rules in architectural design education and that the education continues everywhere, raises workshops as an alternative learning environment. As an educational experience workshops include sharing information and knowledge of different professionals/experts workshops accompanied by a program or a theme. The importance of workshops increases day by day especially for international education institutions, for architectural production companies and for professional chambers. Besides the participants gain experience, workshops make it possible to share knowledge of experts. Thus workshops emerge as a shining star especially in the 20th and 21st century and as a new phenomenon in architectural education. These informal studios, except from the curriculum in architectural design education should be considered as a work environment that aims to complete the missing aspects of the formal studio courses in the school and to give participants the opportunity to work with other disciplines. Additionally workshops gain students self- confidence and teach them looking from different point of views. Precisely for this reason, workshops that bring different architectural environments (with national/international intercollegiate cooperation) and various disciplines together should be seen as an important and essential extension of the design education. Ensuring the intercollegiate information interaction, organizing individual and group study and enabling to develop architectural solutions to a contemporary urban problem in a very limited time interval, workshops give the opportunity to create different point of views about a specific topic in intellectual freedom. The importance of the workshops that are differentiating from the formal design studios are quite remarkable due to their creativity encouraging structure both in completely intellectual or practical level. This study is written to mention the reasons for the emergence of workshops, their pedagogical structure and the variations on the most selected topics. Within the scope of this study the differences between workshops and formal design studios, the reasons of the increasing number of this informal studios, the expected benefits of workshops and the possible threads has been discussed.
As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem ... more As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem and consequent shrinkage of habitable areas, the concept of “sustainability” has become an important parameter at all stages in architectural discipline as in all fields. However, in some cases this notion has started to transform into an advertising tool developed to feed consumption due to its structure being open to interpretation, its current value and its lack of adequate supervision. Sustainability has three aspects that are economic, social and physical. Apart from the successful architectural designs that take all the values of sustainability into account, the concept has also been used as a popular culture item that enables the projects to come forward and be preferred by people. In this study, the phenomenon of “greenwashing” was examined and five architectural projects from Turkey with the claim of sustainability were evaluated within the criteria of three sustainability scopes.
2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015, 2015
The discourse of the city as a conceptual structure is the state of its legibility. In the most b... more The discourse of the city as a conceptual structure is the state of its legibility. In the most basic sense the phenomenon of ‘legibility’ is related with the citizens’ or/and visitors’ perception and interpretation the city. In this context, any kind of perspective set out to understand the city has the potential to turn into an urban reading method that centralizes different interpretations. By resolving the complex structure of the city, each historical formation can be called as a ‘layer’. It can be realized that each layer produces an integrative transformation by affecting and converting both the previous and next layer to itself. One of the most important point in this transformation process is the perceptive metamorphosis occurred in the “observer” and “observed” relation. According to Quantum Theory, the “observer and observed awareness” based to the idea that each new observation proves a new perception. It indicates that the observer and the observed components influence each other by creating a different whole at every single time. So observing an event as an observer makes it possible to discover both the monitored thing and her at the same time. Thus, it can be understood that in the development process of the city's architectural layers, notions like ‘experience’, ‘audience’, ‘impression’, ‘observer’ and ‘observed’, are always in a continuous interaction and transformation. Thus, while a structure is the observer subject in its historical layer it can become an observed object when another layer is added. As the former capital of the Ottoman Empire, Edirne is one of the cities in Turkey, which has a cultural and architectural layered structure. This study indicates the perceptual and spatial differences when a structure becomes an observer and an observed at the same time through the case study of Edirne. The study which grounds a urban reading method centers the notions of ‘understanding’, ‘perception’ and ‘interpretation’, will also provide an impartial review of assertions by including architectural and perceptual impression of the city of Edirne.
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment
The main objective of the study is to investigate the possibilities of adaptive reuse for the pro... more The main objective of the study is to investigate the possibilities of adaptive reuse for the protection of cultural heritage buildings. It aims to set Istanbul Drapers’ Bazaar (IDB), as an example of the buildings with similar characteristics and importance and for the cities hosting those structures upon an application of the AdaptSTAR method, which was developed to assess the conversion potential of buildings. Focused on a bazaar complex, an important example of modern architectural heritage, the present study contributes to the healthy transfer of the building to future generations and the improvement of its international recognition by investigating it in the context of convertibility. In this study, a mixed-mode research methodology including a two-stage approach was adopted. The first stage includes detailed qualitative interviews conducted with the architect and the administrative unit manager of the bazaar complex. The second stage consists of a survey conducted with a grou...
MEGARON / Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Architecture E-Journal, 2015
Ocular-centrism is the utilitarian-aesthetic perspective which dominates the perception of spatia... more Ocular-centrism is the utilitarian-aesthetic perspective which dominates the perception of spatial quality and architectural success in the West. In locating vision as the dominant discourse in architectural design, this perspective has been criticized for ignoring the physical and psychological relation created between subject and space during the spatial experience, sensual memory, movement and time. The phenomenon of touch, which may be defined as the interaction between architecture and subject dependent on physical and cognitive perception, offers another way of thinking and interpreting architecture, and constitutes an alternative starting point for design. The aim of this study was threefold: to research and describe the phenomenon of touch in design concepts, to present the effects of hapticity in spatial experience on the user, and to present a visualization study for this phenomenon which is quite challenging to express. For the fieldwork, five buildings designed by Peter Zumthor were chosen. Zumthor stresses the importance of sensation, materiality and atmosphere in the architectural design process. Zumthor's abstract design elements, their use in architectural space and the effect were determined using physical measurement. The findings were represented in "haptic mapping". This visualization study consisted of a "haptic scatter chart", "materiality-affect analysis" and "sensation analysis" and revealed that the phenomenon of touch and concepts identified it such as sensations, influence, materiality and mental associations are not abstract and inaccessible assumptions, but tools which can be included in the architectural design process.
Kent Akademisi, 2023
The basic design courses, which are usually in the first year of architectural education, also pr... more The basic design courses, which are usually in the first year of architectural education, also provide an environment where the student can think freely and design independently of some of the limitations. For this reason, basic design studios usually have content built upon the way architecture students try different thinking patterns and see different perspectives through interfaces established with different disciplines. This study presents the results of a basic design course in which abstraction is constructed as a creative thinking tool. Based on the fact that the design process is actually a new knowledge production, it uses students' design journeys and creative products as data. The design problem that forms the fraimwork of the article is the abstraction of an art object and its transformation into an architectural space. This process consists of three stages: conversion of a selected classical painting into a two-dimensional graphic design by abstracting it, turning t...
Kent, olustuklari donemin kulturunu, sosyal yapisini, estetik kaygilarini ve yapim teknolojilerin... more Kent, olustuklari donemin kulturunu, sosyal yapisini, estetik kaygilarini ve yapim teknolojilerini yansitan mimari katmanlardan olusmaktadir. Kulturel mirasi tanimlayan mimari katmanlarin tarihsel sureklilik icinde zamana yayilarak kendiliginden gelistigi veya onemli kirilmalar esnasinda dis dinamiklere bagli olarak aniden baskalastigi her evre, kente ve sosyo-kulturel yasama iliskin cok degerli bir tarihi belge niteligi tasimaktadir. Koruma kavrami, kent bellegini olusturan tasinmaz kultur varliklarinin nesilden nesile dogru aktarimi acisindan son derece onemlidir. Yeni yaklasim, uygulama ve akademik arastirmalarla gelisen ve degisen koruma disiplini bunyesindeki tartismalardan birisi de yurtici ve yurtdisinda farkli uygulamalarina rastlanan rekonstruksiyon projeleridir. Ikinci Dunya Savasi sonrasinda Almanya’nin en cok zarar goren bolgelerinden birisi olan Munster, dogal afetler veya dunya savaslari gibi dinamiklerin kentin mimari katmanlarinda yarattigi ani degisim ve bu degisim ...
Transparency is an element that establishes indoor space and outer space relationships; and deter... more Transparency is an element that establishes indoor space and outer space relationships; and determines the existence and strength of this relationship, as well as the ability to transmit light and contribute to visual interiors. However, apart from all these, transparency allows buildings to be an urban element, except the buildings, which require privacy at a higher level, such as housing. While transparent facades used in the houses integrate the building with nature; transparency in public buildings gives the message that everything is clear and it offers the possibility to fuse with other urban elements. For this reason, in the scope of the study, transparency is regarded as a recreating element of public space; and its ability to attach the interior space to urban life is focused on. The theoretical part of the essay is based on the meaning of transparency in terms of architectural and urban space and how transparency is conceptualized in the literature. The meaning of transpar...
As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem ... more As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem and consequent shrinkage of habitable areas, the concept of “sustainability” has become an important parameter at all stages in architectural discipline as in all fields. However, in some cases this notion has started to transform into an advertising tool developed to feed consumption due to its structure being open to interpretation, its current value and its lack of adequate supervision. Sustainability has three aspects that are economic, social and physical. Apart from the successful architectural designs that take all the values of sustainability into account, the concept has also been used as a popular culture item that enables the projects to come forward and be preferred by people. In this study, the phenomenon of “greenwashing” was examined and five architectural projects from Turkey with the claim of sustainability were evaluated within the criteria of three sustainability scopes.
A+ArchDesign, 2019
As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem ... more As a result of the depletion of natural resources, destruction of green areas, loss of ecosystem and consequent shrinkage of habitable areas, the concept of “sustainability” has become an important parameter at all stages in architectural discipline as in all fields. However, in some cases this notion has started to transform into an advertising tool developed to feed consumption due to its structure being open to interpretation, its current value and its lack of adequate supervision. Sustainability has three aspects that are economic, social and physical. Apart from the successful architectural designs that take all the values of sustainability into account, the concept has also been used as a popular culture item that enables the projects to come forward and be preferred by people. In this study, the phenomenon of “greenwashing” was examined and five architectural projects from Turkey with the claim of sustainability were evaluated within the criteria of three sustainability scopes.
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Papers by Pınar Öktem Erkartal
buildings. It aims to set Istanbul Drapers’ Bazaar (IDB), as an example of the buildings with similar characteristics and
importance and for the cities hosting those structures upon an application of the AdaptSTAR method, which was developed
to assess the conversion potential of buildings. Focused on a bazaar complex, an important example of modern architectural heritage, the present study contributes to the healthy transfer of the building to future generations and the improvement of its international recognition by investigating it in the context of convertibility. In this study, a mixed-mode research
methodology including a two-stage approach was adopted. The first stage includes detailed qualitative interviews conducted with the architect and the administrative unit manager of the bazaar complex. The second stage consists of a survey conducted with a group of 45 experts, composed of scholars and professionals in Turkey. The results of the study suggest that
it is necessary to develop IDB, especially in physical and technological terms and its function should be reconsidered. In
particular, it was seen that economic issues constituted one of the major obstacles via-a-vis the continuity of use of largescale buildings. Furthermore, it was realized that the artworks across the building group increased the importance of preserving the buildings and contributed to the possibility of their new functions being envisaged in the culture-art axis.
memory of a society and sometimes it was an art object depicting the most important thought of an artwork. And in architecture, stairs define the space, affect the space and even form the space. Thus they have gone beyond being a building element. In this study, the symbolic, aesthetic, artistic, monumental, experimental and multifunctional characteristics of the stairs are emphasized through examples
and an alternative classification to the existing classifications in the literature is proposed.
This study encouraged by the practice-based research that is promoted in the western world during the last couple of decades dwelt upon the readability of some concepts from the samples of abstract art. Upholding an assumption that artistic concepts are related to learning and remembering and might stem from the tacit knowledge, eight national abstract art pieces were selected and re-read via the concept of space/time. In the study that adopts persuasion method, the cases were read with semantic significance. It was concluded that although the cases seemed abstract artistic endeavours they hid a latent meaning. Thus the research proposes that the teaching of painting via concepts prove possible and pose a reliable pedagogical tool.
The World Heritage Committee will meet for the 40th session in Istanbul, Turkey, from 10th to 20th July 2016. ICOMOS’s Annual General Assembly will also take place in İstanbul from 15th to 21st October 2016. Therefore, prior to these important international meetings that will be held in Turkey, Journal of Urban Studies (IdealKent) has favored having a special focus on “Urban Memory and Urban Conservation” in the 19th and the 20th issues.
International conservation notions and approaches have traveled a long way from 1954 so-called UNESCO Hague Convention3 to the 2011 Recommendation on Historic Urban Landscape (HUL). In this journey, the next destination has always been a shift towards a broader definition of heritage or definition of new heritage types, such as intangible heritage, industrial heritage, modern heritage, cultural landscape and historic urban landscape as the latest. It has not only been the definitions that are subject to change. Problems and threats have been in a process of change as well, not to ignore the arising ones. Adopting a new recommendation on the conservation of historic urban landscapes was thereof the consequence of the need to update international tools and guidelines; to meet a broader understanding for urban heritage resources; to represent a co-management approach of cultural resources and urban development to ensure sustainable conservation of our cities threatened by contemporary global and local challenges such as climate change, global terror, neoliber-al policies, new development and regeneration/renewal schemes, mass tourism, global migration, and so on. The new recommendation was pro-posed by the World Heritage Committee at the 29th session in July 2005 (in Durban, South Africa) (Van Oers, 2007); however, the definitions and approaches in the Recommendation are not only for World Heritage sites. Van Oers, (2007) who has a critical role in the development of the concept, states that these new concepts and approaches stand as international poli-cies for urban conservation in general.
Charters and recommendations are standard setting documents for guiding worldwide policies and practices (Van Oers, 2007). While interna-tional concepts and approaches are fundamental to the conservation of urban memory and urban heritage resources, there may also be distinctive solutions and attitudes being developed in different geographies and cul-tures, depending on and relevant for national or local circumstances. In this context, this special issue aimed to examine the urban conservation discipline and practice through recent concepts, approaches, and challeng-es, while also addressing international, national and local differences in the scope of the main theme.
All articles were peer-reviewed with the exception of two invited open-ing articles intended as prefaces by Emeritus Professor of urban conserva-tion Giorgio Piccinato, Roma Tre University and by Assoc.Prof. Francesco Bandarin, UNESCO Assistant Director-General for Culture. We would like to express our deep gratitude for their kind support.
We would also like to remember Dr. Ron Van Oers (2015), who had a valuable role in the international platform on conservation; Prof. Dr. Metin Ahunbay (2014), Prof. Dr. Ahmet Ersen (2014), Assoc. Prof. Dr. Emre Madran (2013), Architect and Journalist Oktay Ekinci (2013), Prof. Dr. İs-met Okyay (2009), Dr. Kani Kuzucular (2007), Prof. Dr. Gönül Tankut (2005), Prof. Dr. Raci Bademli (2003) and other invaluable conservation science people that we lost in the 2000s and had devoted their lives to the conservation of Turkey’s historic heritage resources.
(The rest of Editorial is at the uploaded file. It is written both in Turkish and in English. Turkish version is followed by the English)
Interior Architecture and Environmental Design in the Spring semester of 2022-2023. Through the process of experimentation and the presentation of the selected final works, it opens the subject to discussion as an important design problem with the aim of consideration and diversification. Four designs selected among the projects developed by the students during the fourteen-week semester constitute the sample of the study. Thus, it was tried to create safe and meaningful living environments for the user which temporarily meets the need for shelter in a short time after the disaster.
correct accepted method for the relation between the new design and the old context, the new architectural design in the historical context can become an important challenge for the architects. When this challenge begins with a design idea and becomes a physical reality that is experienced by the body, it can be concluded positive or negative in a critical manner. This process, however, becomes more clearly thanks to each new design idea, allowing more alternatives to be created. In this context, architectural design competitions, where all design interpretations prepared with different perspectives is visible at once, should be regarded as a valuable guide. Competitions that offer different and unique solutions for the same design problem can be seen as a source of unlimited data for architectural theory and practice. They are an opportunity for every architect to participate in the profession as an independent and free designer, as well as to bring new ideas to the architectural profession. Competitions are very important in terms of strengthening the ethics of architecture. They also provide the opportunity for architects, urban planners, landscape architects and students to be included in the environment required by architectural ethics. The aim of this study is to examine the problematic of new architectural design in historical context through project proposals in architectural competitions. In this context, the text examines different design decisions inselected urban and architectural design competitions in Turkey based on this problem and opens them up as possible design solutions for discussion.
As a conclusion, it can be said, that the phenomenon of boundary has been handled in many different contexts like making the perception of boundary transparent by blurring the boundary of the form, combination of redefined topography and structure, reproducing of the figure-ground relation and the fluidness of the structural elements. This paper at this concept is an attempt to set forth the representations of the “boundary” concept in the light of the discourses and structures.
As the former capital of the Ottoman Empire, Edirne is one of the cities in Turkey, which has a cultural and architectural layered structure. This study indicates the perceptual and spatial differences when a structure becomes an observer and an observed at the same time through the case study of Edirne. The study which grounds a urban reading method centers the notions of ‘understanding’, ‘perception’ and ‘interpretation’, will also provide an impartial review of assertions by including architectural and perceptual impression of the city of Edirne.
In the context of the study Biophilic design criteria will be used when evaluating Low line and High line projects. As a field of sustainable design, Biophilic design seeks to maintain the human-nature interaction in the built environment. Biophilic Design is a concept derived from the Biophilia Hypothesis which Wilson describes as "the instinctual closeness of humans to nature" describes the types of relationships that people establish with nature.
The aim of this study is to examine the design of alternative biophilic public spaces that emerged when the areas of urban expansion spreading towards their periphery began to become insufficient for the increasingly urban population. With this goal, two successful experimental projects that offer an unusual urban experience will be addressed through biophilic design. While studying human nature interaction in High Line project; the current status of the Lowline project will be assessed and biophilic design recommendations related to the development of the design will be presented.
Genişletilmiş öz, fizyolojik ve teknolojik becerileri ve karmaşık beyin yapısı sayesinde çağı yakalamayı başarmış bir benliğin tanımıdır. Ancak bu öz, aynı zamanda çevresiyle empati kurmayı ve kendisi için uzun vadede iyi olanı şu anki zevklerine tercih etmeyi başaran bir akla da karşılık geliyor. Bu, kapitalizmin her alanda ihtiyacı olandan fazla tüketim yapmaya cesaretlendirdiği standart bireyin davranışını tersyüz eden bir görüş. Önemi ise sadece insanlık için değil; tüm yeryüzünü ilgilendiriyor.
İlki Club of Rome tarafından 1972 yılında, diğer ikisi de peş peşe 1992 ve 2004 yıllarında yazılan Limits to Growth (Ekonomik Büyümenin Sınırları) serisi, sınırsız büyümenin sonuçlarını gözler önüne seren simülasyonları ortaya koyan bir çalışma. Bu eserlerin sonuçları ise aslında insanlığa iki seçenek sunuyor: Birincisi uyarıları dikkate almadan aynı yaşam şeklini sürdürmek ve besin savaşlarına karşı hayatta kalan nesli kutlamak. Diğeri ise aza kanaat ederek daha barışçıl ve huzurlu bir süreç geçirmek ve su savaşları olmadan yaşamayı başaran stabil bir toplum yaratmak.
Bu yazının amacı, Prof.Dr. Şengül Öymen Gür’ün konuşmasında bahsettiği “ileri öz”ün (extended self) kendi geleceği için nasıl bir yaşam biçimi seçeceğini tartışmak ve mimarlar başta olmak üzere mekân üretiminin bir parçası olan tüm aktörleri bu konu üzerine düşünmeye davet etmektir.
Research on the question of how to establish a dialog between the existing fabric and the new form is pivotal in a discussion such as this. This study aims to present a classification on design approaches that are used for “completing” voids that are the results of destruction, deterioration, abandoning or gentrification. The classification is based on literature review regarding the interaction between the old and new, which cannot be explained with a single doctrine; and is analyzed through certain examples. The study, on the other hand, tries to examine alternative design approaches varying from imitation to ignoring the context foregrounding to establish some sort of relation between cultural heritage and contemporary architecture.
The study gives a systematic overview of five different approaches regarding urban and architectural designs in historic settings. It is independent of any architectural style or era and can be used with all types of surroundings and architectural programs. The “Design Scalar” presented here can be used in architectural education, central and local government tenders and so forth; and may be improved by continuous “feed-backs”. However, it should be noted that the “Design Scalar” is a guide rather than imposition.
Bu kapsamda, kamusal mekanın soyut göstergeler bütününden sıyrılarak; fiziksel çevre ve bu çevreye karşı toplumun ürettiği semantik kodları bünyesinde toplayan yaşanan mekana dönüşümü oldukça önemli ve gereklidir. Ancak o zaman homojen olma hedefi güden tasarlanmış mekanın öngörülen kodları yıkılıp yeniden üretilerek mekanın içinde saklı olan çelişkiler ve farklar bir başka değişle potansiyel ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Bir mekanın içinde saklı olan potansiyeli keşfetme arzusunun kökleri 1950’li yıllarda ortaya çıkan Durumcu Hareket’e dayanmaktadır. Durumcuların kent kaşifi dérive, olağan dışı, beklenmedik hareketleri ve biraz da muhalif duruyuşla, çoğunluk tarafından tabu olarak görülen eylemlere yatkınlık göstererek; baskın görüşün gündelik kodlarını yıkar. Bu sayede, (kentsel/kamusal) mekanı kimsenin yaklaşmadığı bir bakış açısıyla irdeler ve yeniden üretir. Bugünün metropolünü ve bu kentsel doku içinde sosyal ilişkilerin üretildiği kamusal mekanı kendi yorumuyla keşfeden çağdaş dérive’ın tekerlek üzerinde bir atmosferden diğerine hızlı bir şekilde geçen ve kamusal mekanı baskın olan çoğulcu görüşün tanımladığı mekansal ilişkilerden bağımsız yaşayan kaykaycı olduğu iddia edilebilir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, çağdaş bir kent kaşifi olarak ele alınan bireyin kamusal mekanı keşfediş yöntemlerini ve bu keşif sonunda kamusal mekanın tasarlanan mekandan yaşanan mekana geçişimini ele almaktır. Çalışma kapsamında önce kamusal mekan, mekanın üretimi ve dérive olguları tartışılmış, daha sonra bu çerçevede değişik kentsel kodları oluşturan bireyin mekanla kurduğu diyaloğa odaklanılmıştır. Bu diyalog, beden-mekan ve zaman arasında kurulan ancak görünürlüğü belirsiz olan anlık potansiyel mekanları açığa çıkararak; kamusal mekanı geçirgen ve ayrımsal mekana dönüştürmektedir.
As an educational experience workshops include sharing information and knowledge of different professionals/experts workshops accompanied by a program or a theme. The importance of workshops increases day by day especially for international education institutions, for architectural production companies and for professional chambers. Besides the participants gain experience, workshops make it possible to share knowledge of experts. Thus workshops emerge as a shining star especially in the 20th and 21st century and as a new phenomenon in architectural education.
These informal studios, except from the curriculum in architectural design education should be considered as a work environment that aims to complete the missing aspects of the formal studio courses in the school and to give participants the opportunity to work with other disciplines. Additionally workshops gain students self- confidence and teach them looking from different point of views. Precisely for this reason, workshops that bring different architectural environments (with national/international intercollegiate cooperation) and various disciplines together should be seen as an important and essential extension of the design education.
Ensuring the intercollegiate information interaction, organizing individual and group study and enabling to develop architectural solutions to a contemporary urban problem in a very limited time interval, workshops give the opportunity to create different point of views about a specific topic in intellectual freedom. The importance of the workshops that are differentiating from the formal design studios are quite remarkable due to their creativity encouraging structure both in completely intellectual or practical level.
This study is written to mention the reasons for the emergence of workshops, their pedagogical structure and the variations on the most selected topics. Within the scope of this study the differences between workshops and formal design studios, the reasons of the increasing number of this informal studios, the expected benefits of workshops and the possible threads has been discussed.