Two primary types of scientific body are active in COSPAR: Scientific Commissions (SCs) and Panels. The rules governing these bodies are contained in the COSPAR By-laws. In certain cases, the Bureau or the Scientific Commissions set up Sub-Commissions or Task Groups to address specific topics of scientific interest to Associates. An advisory body, the Committee on Industry Relations (CIR) reports to and advises the President of COSPAR on how best to integrate the capabilities of industry into COSPAR’s activities. COSPAR also issues scientific roadmaps on critical issues to encourage decision makers in the relevant fields to develop collaborative programs based on the best science available, as well as reports on the status of international cooperation in space research.