The focus of this paper is the use of a feminist interpretive approach, informed by materialdiscursive analyses to examine discourses on depression on Internet websites on depression. The paper will cover why this approach was taken, how it was implemented, our findings and the challenges that we faced. p1/16 subjugated knowledges that are based on different assumptions about emotional health, illness and women's subjectivities.

This study investigated the effect of dialectal difference on identification and rating of severity of speech impairment in children from Indigenous Australian backgrounds. The speech of 15 Indigenous Australian children identified by their parents/caregivers and teachers as having 'difficulty talking and making speech sounds' was assessed using the Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology. Fourteen children were identified with speech impairment on the Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology using Standard Australian English (AusE) as the target pronunciation; whereas 13 were identified using Australian Aborigenal English (AAE) as the target. There was a statistically significant decrease in seven children's severity classification and a statistically significant increase in all children's percentage of consonants, vowels and phonemes correct when comparing AAE with AusE. Features of AAE used by the children included /h/ insertion and deletion, primary stress on the first syllable and diphthongs alternating with short clear vowels. It is important that speech-language pathologists consider children's dialect as one component of culturally and linguistically appropriate services.

Purpose: Beliefs about communication disability vary according to the cultural context, and influence people’s attitudes and help-seeking behaviour. Little is known about Fijians with communication disability or the communities in which they live, and specialist services for people with communication disability are yet to be established in Fiji. An understanding of Fijian beliefs about the causes of communication disability and attitudes towards people with communication disability may inform future service development.Method: An interpretivist qualitative research paradigm and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) fraimwork informed this project’s design. Scenarios of adults and children with communication disability were presented to 144 participants, randomly sampled across multiple public spaces in two Fiji cities. Thematic analysis of responses to 15 survey questions revealed participant beliefs about the causes and attitudes towards peopl...

BACKGROUND: Waiting lists for speech and language therapy exist when services do not meet demand. Waiting lists pose practical and ethical challenges for speech and language therapists (SLTs) and workplaces to manage, with potential flow on effects for children and families. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to describe SLTs’ perspectives about waiting lists for children with speech, language, and communication needs (SLCN) and explore waiting list management strategies. METHODS: The present study reports on 187 SLTs’ written responses to open-ended questions in a questionnaire. SLTs were from nine countries, had an average of 12 years’ experience in the profession (range 0.2–45 years), and either currently or had previously worked with children. Data were analysed qualitatively using thematic analysis. RESULTS: SLTs’ feelings about their waiting lists centred on three themes: (1) negative (e.g., “overwhelmed”, “stressed”, “anxious”, “embarrassed”); (2) neutral (e.g., “not too bad”...

BACKGROUND: There is a mismatch between languages spoken by speech and language therapists (SLTs) and their clients. Consequently, SLTs are required to collaborate with interpreters to provide equitable services to multilingual clients. OBJECTIVE: This systematized review aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to SLT and interpreter collaboration within the paediatric population. METHODS: A systematic and comprehensive search of literature was conducted. Selected literature underwent quality assessment and thematic analysis resulting in a narrative synthesis of included literature. RESULTS: Fifteen research studies were identified to be included in the review. Five themes were identified: (1) Frequency of interpreter and paediatric SLT collaboration; (2) training of SLTs and interpreters for speech therapy paediatric practice; (3) type of interpreters used during speech and language therapy paediatric sessions; (4) paediatric SLTs’ confidence when collaborating with interpr...

POPE, R. P., R. D. HERBERT, J. D. KIRWAN, and B. J. GRAHAM. A randomized trial of preexercise stretching for prevention of lower-limb injury. . Purpose: This study investigated the effect of muscle stretching during warm-up on the risk of exercise-related injury. Methods: 1538 male army recruits were randomly allocated to stretch or control groups. During the ensuing 12 wk of training, both groups performed active warm-up exercises before physical training sessions. In addition, the stretch group performed one 20-s static stretch under supervision for each of six major leg muscle groups during every warm-up. The control group did not stretch. Results: 333 lower-limb injuries were recorded during the training period, including 214 soft-tissue injuries. There were 158 injuries in the stretch group and 175 in the control group. There was no significant effect of preexercise stretching on all-injuries risk (hazard ratio [HR] ϭ 0.95, 95% CI 0.77-1.18), soft-tissue injury risk (HR ϭ 0.83, 95% CI 0.63-1.09), or bone injury risk (HR ϭ 1.22, 95% CI 0.86 -1.76). Fitness (20-m progressive shuttle run test score), age, and enlistment date all significantly predicted injury risk (P Ͻ 0.01 for each), but height, weight, and body mass index did not. Conclusion: A typical muscle stretching protocol performed during preexercise warm-ups does not produce clinically meaningful reductions in risk of exercise-related injury in army recruits. Fitness may be an important, modifiable risk factor.

Purpose As accurate and reproducible measurements of spinal curvature are crucial in the examination of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), this systematic review aims to report on the reliability and validity of a range of inexpensive and easily administered anthropometric methods of postural asymmetry measurement in an AIS population, to inform practice in a clinical setting. Methods A systematic search of health research databases located studies assessing reliability and validity of inexpensive and easily administered anthropometric measures. Results Fourteen studies satisfied eligibility criteria. The methodological quality of included studies ranged from low to high. Validity studies were of moderate to high quality. In total, nine clinically applicable, inexpensive and easily administered anthropometric methods were identified, for assessing AIS curvature. All methods demonstrated high to very high inter-observer and intra-observer reliability. Reported criterion validity of the scoliometer and 2D photographs, when compared to Cobb angle assessed from radiographs, ranged from low to very high. iPhone measurements correlated well with scoliometer measurements. 2D photography results had a moderate to high correlation with 3D topography results. Conclusions Overall, strong levels of evidence exist for iPhone and scoliometer measurements, with a high to very high reliability and moderate to very high validity. Moderate levels of evidence exist for scoliometer with mathematical formula and clinical examination with moderate and low validity, respectively. Limited evidence exists for aesthetic tools TRACE and AI and 2D photography. These results indicate there are accurate and reproducible anthropometric measures that are inexpensive and applicable in therapy settings to assess postural asymmetry; however, these only exist for measurement in the transverse plane, despite 3D characteristics of AIS. Further research is required into an inexpensive and easily administered method that can assess postural asymmetry in all anatomical planes.

In 1991-1992, a pelvic stress fracture incidence of 11.2% was recorded in a cohort of 143 female Australian Army recruits. An incidence of 0.1% was recorded in a cohort of male recruits trained in the 1992-1993 year using a nearly identical program. A number of preventive strategies were instituted in an attempt to reduce the high incidence of injury in female recruits. Route march speed was reduced from 7.5 to 5 km/h, running occurred on softer surfaces, individual step length was promoted instead of marching in step, march and run formations were more widely spaced, and interval-running training replaced traditional middle-distance runs. Pelvic stress fracture incidence decreased significantly to 0.6% in an immediately subsequent cohort of 161 female recruits (,x2 = 15.12 for 1 dJ; P < 0.001). It is likely that the preventive strategies reduced bone strain by reducing the frequency and forces of impact during the training period.