To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupatio... more To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupation information noted in the free text of death records of males aged 15-64 years during 2001-2005 was classified to the New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupation 1999 and age and deprivation standardised mortality rates and ratios were calculated for the major ICD10-AM categories of disease and different occupational groups. A total of 12,713 male deaths were included in the study. There were marked differences in mortality between occupations. Plant and machine operators and assemblers and agriculture and fishery workers had the overall highest rates. The former had the highest rates for ischemic heart disease, other diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, while the latter had the highest rate for external causes. The last published study investigating occupational disease mortality in New Zealand ...
The purpose was to investigate the influence of couple emotional intimacy on job perceptions (job... more The purpose was to investigate the influence of couple emotional intimacy on job perceptions (job concerns and job rewards) and work–family conflict (both work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict). Data on 567 couples came from a subset of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’s Study of Early Child Care taken when the target children were fifth graders. The researchers used an actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) to examine mothers’ and fathers’ couple emotional intimacy and its influence on self- and partner perceptions of job concerns and job rewards as well as work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict. Both mothers’ and fathers’ couple emotional intimacy predicted fewer job concerns, more job rewards, less work-to-family conflict, and less family-to-work conflict for her- and himself. No partner effects were found in the model.
Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy, 2014
Primary medication nonadherence (PMN) is any instance whereby patients fail to initiate a pharmac... more Primary medication nonadherence (PMN) is any instance whereby patients fail to initiate a pharmacotherapy regimen after receiving a prescription for new therapy. The Pharmacy Quality Alliance (PQA) has proposed a standardized definition for PMN and a quality measure to assess the rates of PMN in community pharmacies. To (a) measure PMN using the proposed PQA measure with data available from a pharmacy dispensing system and (b) identify the prescription-level (patient, prescriber, and medication) and store-level (store and neighborhood) characteristics associated with PMN. This study was approved by a southern university institutional review board, and a data use agreement was in place. A large national pharmacy grocery chain provided de-identified, transactional data for 2010 through January 2012, for 100 pharmacies (de-identified unique patient and store codes were available). The proposed PQA-PMN measure was used, and PMN rates were calculated. Investigators examined adult individ...
To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupatio... more To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupation information noted in the free text of death records of males aged 15-64 years during 2001-2005 was classified to the New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupation 1999 and age and deprivation standardised mortality rates and ratios were calculated for the major ICD10-AM categories of disease and different occupational groups. A total of 12,713 male deaths were included in the study. There were marked differences in mortality between occupations. Plant and machine operators and assemblers and agriculture and fishery workers had the overall highest rates. The former had the highest rates for ischemic heart disease, other diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, while the latter had the highest rate for external causes. The last published study investigating occupational disease mortality in New Zealand ...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 2013
PurposeThis paper seeks to clarify the use and limitations of the IMS National Disease and Therap... more PurposeThis paper seeks to clarify the use and limitations of the IMS National Disease and Therapeutic Index database, which is frequently used by scholars and courts to provide insights into pharmaceutical markets. Specifically, the paper aims to discuss appropriate and inappropriate uses of the data and details the limitations as a means of drawing generalizable conclusions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a literature review and critical evaluation of data and its uses.FindingsThe IMS NDTI can provide useful insights into pharmaceutical markets, and also provide indications of potential trends or behaviors, but cannot be relied on for conclusive evidence of such phenomena in the marketplace. The NDTI has limitations that result from sampling and design issues, as well as the specific method by which the data are collected and coded. Although IMS is clear and forthright in addressing these limitations, many researchers have apparently chosen not to heed these...
Nicastrin, a transmembrane glycoprotein, forms high molecular weight complexes with presenilin 1 ... more Nicastrin, a transmembrane glycoprotein, forms high molecular weight complexes with presenilin 1 and presenilin 2. Suppression of nicastrin expression in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos induces a subset of notch/glp-1 phenotypes similar to those induced by simultaneous null mutations in both presenilin homologues of C. elegans (sel-12 and hop-1). Nicastrin also binds carboxy-terminal derivatives of beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP), and modulates the production of the amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) from these derivatives. Missense mutations in a conserved hydrophilic domain of nicastrin increase A beta42 and A beta40 peptide secretion. Deletions in this domain inhibit A beta production. Nicastrin and presenilins are therefore likely to be functional components of a multimeric complex necessary for the intramembranous proteolysis of proteins such as Notch/GLP-1 and betaAPP.
The presenilin proteins are components of high-molecular-weight protein complexes in the endoplas... more The presenilin proteins are components of high-molecular-weight protein complexes in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus that also contain beta-catenin. We report here that presenilin mutations associated with familial Alzheimer disease (but not the non-pathogenic Glu318Gly polymorphism) alter the intracellular trafficking of beta-catenin after activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signal transduction pathway. As with their effect on betaAPP processing, the effect of PS1 mutations on trafficking of beta-catenin arises from a dominant 'gain of aberrant function' activity. These results indicate that mistrafficking of selected presenilin ligands is a candidate mechanism for the genesis of Alzheimer disease associated with presenilin mutations, and that dysfunction in the presenilin-beta-catenin protein complexes is central to this process.
The presenilin proteins are involved in the proteolytic processing of transmembrane proteins such... more The presenilin proteins are involved in the proteolytic processing of transmembrane proteins such as Notch/lin-12 and the âamyloid precursor protein (âAPP). Mutation of a conserved cysteine (Cys60Ser) in the C. elegans presenilin sel-12 has a loss-of-function effect on Notch/lin-12 processing similar to that of null mutations in sel-12. In contrast, in mammalian cells, most missense mutations increase ã-secretase cleavage of âAPP. We report here that mutation of this conserved cysteine (Cys92Ser) in human presenilin 1 confers a loss-offunction effect in C. elegans, but causes increased Aâ 42 secretion in mammalian cells. These data suggest that the role of presenilins in Notch/lin-12 signalling and âAPP processing are either separately regulated activities or independent activities of the presenilins. NeuroReport 11:3227±3230 & 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Drawing on Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory and prior empirical research, the current study exa... more Drawing on Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory and prior empirical research, the current study examines the way that blogging and social networking may impact feelings of connection and social support, which in turn could impact maternal well-being (e.g., marital functioning, parenting stress, and depression). One hundred and fifty-seven new mothers reported on their media use and various well-being variables. On average, mothers were 27 years old (SD = 5.15) and infants were 7.90 months old (SD = 5.21). All mothers had access to the Internet in their home. New mothers spent approximately 3 hours on the computer each day, with most of this time spent on the Internet. Findings suggested that frequency of blogging predicted feelings of connection to extended family and friends which then predicted perceptions of social support. This in turn predicted maternal well-being, as measured by marital satisfaction, couple conflict, parenting stress, and depression. In sum, blogging may improve new mothers' well-being, as they feel more connected to the world outside their home through the Internet.
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 2013
Objectives: To compare penultimate-year (next-to-last) and final-year student pharmacists' percep... more Objectives: To compare penultimate-year (next-to-last) and final-year student pharmacists' perceptions of the educational value of community pharmacy residency programs (CPRPs) and to compare student pharmacists' perceptions of the educational value of CPRPs and health-system residency programs (HSRPs). Methods: A self-administered online survey was sent to administrators at 119 Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education-accredited schools of pharmacy for ultimate distribution to penultimate-and final-year student pharmacists. The survey included demographic measures and a 20-item residency program "perceived value of skill development" scale developed for this study. Results: 1,722 completed surveys were received and analyzed. Penultimate-year students attributed greater value to CPRPs more frequently than final-year students. Students more often attributed higher value to CPRPs for skills related to business management, practice management, and medication therapy management, while they attributed higher value to HSRPs for skills related to teaching, research, and clinical knowledge. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest students' perceived value of CPRPs may be related to their year of pharmacy school and the pharmacy practice skill in question.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to delve into Barnard's works to construct foundations of... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to delve into Barnard's works to construct foundations of customer relationship management (CRM).Design/methodology/approachThe paper identifies Barnard's insights on customer participation using a post‐analytic method and uses them as inputs to the analysis of current CRM practices.FindingsAs an outcome of the analysis, the paper identifies the practices that are likely to lead to more effective participatory behavior of customers.Research limitations/implicationsExamining CRM from a historical perspective can open promising avenues for future research.Practical implicationsCRM programs should incorporate the practice of customer relations management in order to provide managers with the knowledge base required for appropriate decision making.Originality/valueBy placing contemporary discussions of CRM in its seminal historical context, scholars can draw upon a wealth of historical inputs to advance the study of how collaborations with cus...
This study explores the influence of workplace flexibility on work-life conflict for a global sam... more This study explores the influence of workplace flexibility on work-life conflict for a global sample of workers from four groups of countries. Data are from the 2007 International Business Machines Global Work and Life Issues Survey administered in 75 countries (N ϭ 24,436). We specifically examine flexibility in where (work-at-home) and when (perceived schedule flexibility) workers engage in work-related tasks. Multivariate results indicate that work-at-home and perceived schedule flexibility are generally related to less work-life conflict. Break point analyses of subgroups reveal that employees with workplace flexibility are able to work longer hours (often equivalent to one or two 8-hr days more per week) before reporting work-life conflict. The benefit of work-at-home is increased when combined with schedule flexibility. These findings were generally consistent across all four groups of countries, supporting the case that workplace flexibility is beneficial both to individuals (in the form of reduced work-life conflict) and to businesses (in the form of capacity for longer work hours). However, work-at-home appears less beneficial in countries with collectivist cultures.
Presenilin 1 (PS1) plays a pivotal role in the production of the amyloid- protein, which is cent... more Presenilin 1 (PS1) plays a pivotal role in the production of the amyloid- protein, which is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. It has been demonstrated that PS1 regulates the ␥-secretase proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) C-terminal fragment (APP-C100), which is the final step in amyloid- protein production. The mechanism and detailed pathway of this PS1 activity has yet to be fully resolved, but it may be due to a presenilin-controlled trafficking of the APP fragment or possibly an inherent PS1 proteolytic activity. We have investigated the possibility of a direct interaction of PS1 and the APP-C100 within the high molecular mass presenilin complex. However, the APP-C100 is rapidly degraded, and if it forms, then any PS1⅐APP complex is likely to be very transitory. To circumvent this problem, we have utilized the protease inhibitor N-acetyl-leucyl-norleucinal (LLnL) and the lysosomotropic agent NH 4 Cl, which inhibits the turnover of the APP-C100. Under these conditions, levels of the fragment increased appreciably, and as shown by glycerol gradient analysis, the APP-C100 shifted to a higher molecular mass complex that overlapped with PS1. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that a significant population of the APP-C100 co-precipitated with PS1. These findings suggest that PS1 may mediate the shuttling of APP fragments and/or facilitate their presentation for ␥-secretase cleavage through a direct interaction. Alzheimer's disease (AD) 1 is characterized by extensive neuronal loss culminating in the presentation of dementia. One of
To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupatio... more To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupation information noted in the free text of death records of males aged 15-64 years during 2001-2005 was classified to the New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupation 1999 and age and deprivation standardised mortality rates and ratios were calculated for the major ICD10-AM categories of disease and different occupational groups. A total of 12,713 male deaths were included in the study. There were marked differences in mortality between occupations. Plant and machine operators and assemblers and agriculture and fishery workers had the overall highest rates. The former had the highest rates for ischemic heart disease, other diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, while the latter had the highest rate for external causes. The last published study investigating occupational disease mortality in New Zealand ...
The purpose was to investigate the influence of couple emotional intimacy on job perceptions (job... more The purpose was to investigate the influence of couple emotional intimacy on job perceptions (job concerns and job rewards) and work–family conflict (both work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict). Data on 567 couples came from a subset of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’s Study of Early Child Care taken when the target children were fifth graders. The researchers used an actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) to examine mothers’ and fathers’ couple emotional intimacy and its influence on self- and partner perceptions of job concerns and job rewards as well as work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict. Both mothers’ and fathers’ couple emotional intimacy predicted fewer job concerns, more job rewards, less work-to-family conflict, and less family-to-work conflict for her- and himself. No partner effects were found in the model.
Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy, 2014
Primary medication nonadherence (PMN) is any instance whereby patients fail to initiate a pharmac... more Primary medication nonadherence (PMN) is any instance whereby patients fail to initiate a pharmacotherapy regimen after receiving a prescription for new therapy. The Pharmacy Quality Alliance (PQA) has proposed a standardized definition for PMN and a quality measure to assess the rates of PMN in community pharmacies. To (a) measure PMN using the proposed PQA measure with data available from a pharmacy dispensing system and (b) identify the prescription-level (patient, prescriber, and medication) and store-level (store and neighborhood) characteristics associated with PMN. This study was approved by a southern university institutional review board, and a data use agreement was in place. A large national pharmacy grocery chain provided de-identified, transactional data for 2010 through January 2012, for 100 pharmacies (de-identified unique patient and store codes were available). The proposed PQA-PMN measure was used, and PMN rates were calculated. Investigators examined adult individ...
To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupatio... more To estimate occupational mortality rates in New Zealand males for the period 2001-2005. Occupation information noted in the free text of death records of males aged 15-64 years during 2001-2005 was classified to the New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupation 1999 and age and deprivation standardised mortality rates and ratios were calculated for the major ICD10-AM categories of disease and different occupational groups. A total of 12,713 male deaths were included in the study. There were marked differences in mortality between occupations. Plant and machine operators and assemblers and agriculture and fishery workers had the overall highest rates. The former had the highest rates for ischemic heart disease, other diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, while the latter had the highest rate for external causes. The last published study investigating occupational disease mortality in New Zealand ...
International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 2013
PurposeThis paper seeks to clarify the use and limitations of the IMS National Disease and Therap... more PurposeThis paper seeks to clarify the use and limitations of the IMS National Disease and Therapeutic Index database, which is frequently used by scholars and courts to provide insights into pharmaceutical markets. Specifically, the paper aims to discuss appropriate and inappropriate uses of the data and details the limitations as a means of drawing generalizable conclusions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a literature review and critical evaluation of data and its uses.FindingsThe IMS NDTI can provide useful insights into pharmaceutical markets, and also provide indications of potential trends or behaviors, but cannot be relied on for conclusive evidence of such phenomena in the marketplace. The NDTI has limitations that result from sampling and design issues, as well as the specific method by which the data are collected and coded. Although IMS is clear and forthright in addressing these limitations, many researchers have apparently chosen not to heed these...
Nicastrin, a transmembrane glycoprotein, forms high molecular weight complexes with presenilin 1 ... more Nicastrin, a transmembrane glycoprotein, forms high molecular weight complexes with presenilin 1 and presenilin 2. Suppression of nicastrin expression in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos induces a subset of notch/glp-1 phenotypes similar to those induced by simultaneous null mutations in both presenilin homologues of C. elegans (sel-12 and hop-1). Nicastrin also binds carboxy-terminal derivatives of beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP), and modulates the production of the amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) from these derivatives. Missense mutations in a conserved hydrophilic domain of nicastrin increase A beta42 and A beta40 peptide secretion. Deletions in this domain inhibit A beta production. Nicastrin and presenilins are therefore likely to be functional components of a multimeric complex necessary for the intramembranous proteolysis of proteins such as Notch/GLP-1 and betaAPP.
The presenilin proteins are components of high-molecular-weight protein complexes in the endoplas... more The presenilin proteins are components of high-molecular-weight protein complexes in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus that also contain beta-catenin. We report here that presenilin mutations associated with familial Alzheimer disease (but not the non-pathogenic Glu318Gly polymorphism) alter the intracellular trafficking of beta-catenin after activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signal transduction pathway. As with their effect on betaAPP processing, the effect of PS1 mutations on trafficking of beta-catenin arises from a dominant 'gain of aberrant function' activity. These results indicate that mistrafficking of selected presenilin ligands is a candidate mechanism for the genesis of Alzheimer disease associated with presenilin mutations, and that dysfunction in the presenilin-beta-catenin protein complexes is central to this process.
The presenilin proteins are involved in the proteolytic processing of transmembrane proteins such... more The presenilin proteins are involved in the proteolytic processing of transmembrane proteins such as Notch/lin-12 and the âamyloid precursor protein (âAPP). Mutation of a conserved cysteine (Cys60Ser) in the C. elegans presenilin sel-12 has a loss-of-function effect on Notch/lin-12 processing similar to that of null mutations in sel-12. In contrast, in mammalian cells, most missense mutations increase ã-secretase cleavage of âAPP. We report here that mutation of this conserved cysteine (Cys92Ser) in human presenilin 1 confers a loss-offunction effect in C. elegans, but causes increased Aâ 42 secretion in mammalian cells. These data suggest that the role of presenilins in Notch/lin-12 signalling and âAPP processing are either separately regulated activities or independent activities of the presenilins. NeuroReport 11:3227±3230 & 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Drawing on Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory and prior empirical research, the current study exa... more Drawing on Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory and prior empirical research, the current study examines the way that blogging and social networking may impact feelings of connection and social support, which in turn could impact maternal well-being (e.g., marital functioning, parenting stress, and depression). One hundred and fifty-seven new mothers reported on their media use and various well-being variables. On average, mothers were 27 years old (SD = 5.15) and infants were 7.90 months old (SD = 5.21). All mothers had access to the Internet in their home. New mothers spent approximately 3 hours on the computer each day, with most of this time spent on the Internet. Findings suggested that frequency of blogging predicted feelings of connection to extended family and friends which then predicted perceptions of social support. This in turn predicted maternal well-being, as measured by marital satisfaction, couple conflict, parenting stress, and depression. In sum, blogging may improve new mothers' well-being, as they feel more connected to the world outside their home through the Internet.
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 2013
Objectives: To compare penultimate-year (next-to-last) and final-year student pharmacists' percep... more Objectives: To compare penultimate-year (next-to-last) and final-year student pharmacists' perceptions of the educational value of community pharmacy residency programs (CPRPs) and to compare student pharmacists' perceptions of the educational value of CPRPs and health-system residency programs (HSRPs). Methods: A self-administered online survey was sent to administrators at 119 Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education-accredited schools of pharmacy for ultimate distribution to penultimate-and final-year student pharmacists. The survey included demographic measures and a 20-item residency program "perceived value of skill development" scale developed for this study. Results: 1,722 completed surveys were received and analyzed. Penultimate-year students attributed greater value to CPRPs more frequently than final-year students. Students more often attributed higher value to CPRPs for skills related to business management, practice management, and medication therapy management, while they attributed higher value to HSRPs for skills related to teaching, research, and clinical knowledge. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest students' perceived value of CPRPs may be related to their year of pharmacy school and the pharmacy practice skill in question.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to delve into Barnard's works to construct foundations of... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to delve into Barnard's works to construct foundations of customer relationship management (CRM).Design/methodology/approachThe paper identifies Barnard's insights on customer participation using a post‐analytic method and uses them as inputs to the analysis of current CRM practices.FindingsAs an outcome of the analysis, the paper identifies the practices that are likely to lead to more effective participatory behavior of customers.Research limitations/implicationsExamining CRM from a historical perspective can open promising avenues for future research.Practical implicationsCRM programs should incorporate the practice of customer relations management in order to provide managers with the knowledge base required for appropriate decision making.Originality/valueBy placing contemporary discussions of CRM in its seminal historical context, scholars can draw upon a wealth of historical inputs to advance the study of how collaborations with cus...
This study explores the influence of workplace flexibility on work-life conflict for a global sam... more This study explores the influence of workplace flexibility on work-life conflict for a global sample of workers from four groups of countries. Data are from the 2007 International Business Machines Global Work and Life Issues Survey administered in 75 countries (N ϭ 24,436). We specifically examine flexibility in where (work-at-home) and when (perceived schedule flexibility) workers engage in work-related tasks. Multivariate results indicate that work-at-home and perceived schedule flexibility are generally related to less work-life conflict. Break point analyses of subgroups reveal that employees with workplace flexibility are able to work longer hours (often equivalent to one or two 8-hr days more per week) before reporting work-life conflict. The benefit of work-at-home is increased when combined with schedule flexibility. These findings were generally consistent across all four groups of countries, supporting the case that workplace flexibility is beneficial both to individuals (in the form of reduced work-life conflict) and to businesses (in the form of capacity for longer work hours). However, work-at-home appears less beneficial in countries with collectivist cultures.
Presenilin 1 (PS1) plays a pivotal role in the production of the amyloid- protein, which is cent... more Presenilin 1 (PS1) plays a pivotal role in the production of the amyloid- protein, which is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. It has been demonstrated that PS1 regulates the ␥-secretase proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) C-terminal fragment (APP-C100), which is the final step in amyloid- protein production. The mechanism and detailed pathway of this PS1 activity has yet to be fully resolved, but it may be due to a presenilin-controlled trafficking of the APP fragment or possibly an inherent PS1 proteolytic activity. We have investigated the possibility of a direct interaction of PS1 and the APP-C100 within the high molecular mass presenilin complex. However, the APP-C100 is rapidly degraded, and if it forms, then any PS1⅐APP complex is likely to be very transitory. To circumvent this problem, we have utilized the protease inhibitor N-acetyl-leucyl-norleucinal (LLnL) and the lysosomotropic agent NH 4 Cl, which inhibits the turnover of the APP-C100. Under these conditions, levels of the fragment increased appreciably, and as shown by glycerol gradient analysis, the APP-C100 shifted to a higher molecular mass complex that overlapped with PS1. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that a significant population of the APP-C100 co-precipitated with PS1. These findings suggest that PS1 may mediate the shuttling of APP fragments and/or facilitate their presentation for ␥-secretase cleavage through a direct interaction. Alzheimer's disease (AD) 1 is characterized by extensive neuronal loss culminating in the presentation of dementia. One of
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Papers by Erin Holmes