Papers by Krzysztof Jarzęcki
Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia, 2023
In the collection of the Leon Wyczółkowski District Museum in Bydgoszcz, there are 43 Roman coins... more In the collection of the Leon Wyczółkowski District Museum in Bydgoszcz, there are 43 Roman coins and 1 Byzantine, which were purchased in 1972 from the former collection of the famous numismatist, Fr. Edmund Majkowski (1892-1951). The article presents this collection along with considerations on how it was formed before it came to the museum.
Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia, 2022
The article is devoted to the interpretation of a 16th-17th century burial of a woman discovered ... more The article is devoted to the interpretation of a 16th-17th century burial of a woman discovered in Inowrocław, who had a medallion made from a Trajanic denarius (RIC 6) placed around her neck. In one of the publications of this find it was stated that the owner wore the medal because she believed that it depicted the head of St. John the Baptist. According to written sources from the 16th and 17th centuries, the people in Poland called the Roman coins they found Saint John's heads. In this article, such an interpretation is considered plausible, but it is not the only one. It is also possible that the medal was considered a beautiful item no matter what it depicted.
Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia, 2021
The article concerns 23 ancient coins (8 Greek, 1 Numidian, and 14 Roman) from the museum collect... more The article concerns 23 ancient coins (8 Greek, 1 Numidian, and 14 Roman) from the museum collection in Inowrocław. One coin comes from archaeological excavations (a Trajanic denarius type RIC 6), the rest from donations and purchases. The coins donated to the museum are chance finds, however the donors indicated the place where they were found. The remaining coins have been purchased from old collections. In one case
their previous owner is known: Kazimierz Miaskowski (1875-1947), a catholic priest, and author of many publications associated with the Inowrocław region. The land around Inowrocław stands out as an area in which many ancient coins have been found. The author analyses coins from the museum against the background of finds from the Inowrocław area. Many of the coins in the collection are likely to have been found in the immediate area of the town. The author also tries to reconstruct the collections from which they came, and the fate of these collections.
Wiadomości Numizmatyczne, 2021
Informacja o znalezisku 26 monet nowożytnych w trakcie nadzoru archeologicznego przy budowie nawi... more Informacja o znalezisku 26 monet nowożytnych w trakcie nadzoru archeologicznego przy budowie nawierzchni obok kościoła św. Marii Magdaleny i św. Wojciecha.
Piotr Karol Franciszek Bontemps 1777–1840. Materiały z sesji naukowej „Zapomniany generał Wojska Polskiego (1777–1840), Muzeum Mazowieckie w Płocku, 30 VI 2016, 2021
Pomorania Antiqua, 2020
In the years 2009-2016, on the premises of St Nicholas church in Gniew, archaeological research w... more In the years 2009-2016, on the premises of St Nicholas church in Gniew, archaeological research was carried out, during which almost three hundred coins were found. The numismatic items cover the period from the 16th century to 1941. The study deals with the issue of the circulation of town coins from Gdańsk, Elbląg and Toruń in the years 1658-1766. The coins constitute the basis for comparison with finds from St John the Baptist church and St John the Evangelist church in Gdańsk, the currently non-existent church in Rumia and finds from the Radunia Canal. Previous research on coins found on the aforementioned sites enables to present some conclusions concerning the circulation of town coins in Royal Prussia. Taking into account the location of Gniew among other Prussian towns and the number of town shillings found: ten coins from Gdańsk, nine coins from Elbląg and eleven coins from Toruń, it can be assumed that these coins had an equivalent circulation on the site in question. The coins can be divided into three chronological periods: the issue of John II Casimir and Michael I, the period of ceasing to mint the town shillings, coins of Augustus III and Stanisław August Poniatowski. Apart from the town shillings from the period in question twenty-six Prussian shillings were also found, including the shilling of Duke Frederick William I from 1669 and the occupation shilling of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna from 1761. The work on numismatic items was aimed at finding at least partial answers to the theses put forward in the text related to the separate domination zones of individual shillings.
Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia, 2020
L’article consacré aux 15 monnaies de l’empereur Nerva qui se trouvent dans le Musée archéologiqu... more L’article consacré aux 15 monnaies de l’empereur Nerva qui se trouvent dans le Musée archéologique et ethnographique: 7 deniers, 3 sesterces, 1 dupondius et 4 as. Toutes les monnaies ont été achetées. Sur la base d’une comparaison aux trouvailles, en particulier aux trésors, et sur la base des informations des maisons de ventes, l’auteur évalue leur popularité et leurs paramètres de poids.
The paper is dedicated to the 15 coins of the emperor Nerva from the collection of the Archaeological and Etnographical Museum in Łódź: 7 denarii, 3 sestertii, 1 dupondius and 4 ases. All the coins were purchased. Author evaluates them popularity and weight parameters based on a comparison to finds, especially hoards and informations from the auction houses.
Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia, 2019
Spotkania z Zabytkami, 2020
Artykuł poświęcony cmentarzowi parafialnemu w Wilczyskach, pow. Łuków. Wśród wymienionych osób zn... more Artykuł poświęcony cmentarzowi parafialnemu w Wilczyskach, pow. Łuków. Wśród wymienionych osób znajdują się: Stanisław Beyda Rzewuski (zm. 1835), płk. Teodor Podczaski (zm. 1863), Jakub Soćko (zm. 1828), Jan Józef Manzel (1834-1904), płk. Urban Majewski (1818-1872), ppłk. Jan Korzybski (zm. 1875), kpt. Aleksander Korzybski (zm. 1884), por. Jan Korzybski ps. "Irma" (zm. 1944), Joanna z Pomianowskich Belejowska (zm. 1904), Hipolit Chwalibóg (zm. 1902), kpt. Aleksander Slaski (zm. 1884), Krystyna z Żeleńskich Walewska (zm. 1885), Bolesław Syrewicz (1835-1899), Paweł Bitschan, Henryk Wodziński (zm. 1923).
Biuletyn Numizmatyczny, 2019
Agrarian symbols in the coinage of Panticapaeum.
According to the authors, the representation o... more Agrarian symbols in the coinage of Panticapaeum.
According to the authors, the representation of a plough on Panticapaeum bronze coins, dated to 150–125 BC, presumably refers to the ritual of “holy ploughing”, associated with the cult of Demeter as the patron of the fertility. An important part of the research are poleis coins of the Northern Black Sea region – Olbia, Tyras and Theodosia. In the coinage of these cities, Demeter was portrayed in two ways: as a beautiful woman in a wreath of ears of grain or a “despairing mother” (goddess with covered head). The second type of representations appeared in all the listed poleis in the middle – second half of the 3rd century BC. Once again, the depiction of the “sad goddess” was placed on the Olbian coins in the third quarter of the 2nd century BC, i.e. at the same time as plough appeared on Panticapaeum coins. Hence the supposition that the use of these representations may have been associated with some one-time phenomenon affecting the entire Northern Black Sea region. It could have been a decrease in the size of crops, caused by rapid weather or climate changes.
Spotkania z Zabytkami, 2019
Artykuł poświęcony nagrobkowi Antoniego Dmochowskiego, zmarłego w 1883 r., z cmentarza w Tuchowic... more Artykuł poświęcony nagrobkowi Antoniego Dmochowskiego, zmarłego w 1883 r., z cmentarza w Tuchowiczu (pow. Łuków).
The ancient city of Tyras was localized near the mouth of the Dniester (on the territory of moder... more The ancient city of Tyras was localized near the mouth of the Dniester (on the territory of modern Ukrainian city Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy). From the 4th century BC Tyras emitted coins (gold, silver and bronze). On the obverses was presented deity’s or hero’s heads, on the reverses usually their attributes and legend TYPA. A large change occured in the 1st century AD, when Tyras was under the influence of Rome. On the obverses were presented portraits of emperors (the 1st probably was Augustus, the last Alexander Severus) with legends, on the reverses – gods, their attributes or personifications with the legend TYPANΩN. These coins, struck in bronze. Detailed comparison can slightly shed light on political relationships between Tyras and the province of Moesia. It is noticeable, among other things, that about half of the 2 century the coinage of Tyras on the bachground of Lower Moesia was characterized by a high degree of individualism. Greater similarity begins to be noticeable from the time of Commodus. In the period of Severan dynasty the coinage of Tyras was typical for Lower Moesia in all respects.
Biuletyn Numizmatyczny, 2017
The paper mainly concerns barley and a lesser extent wheat. It is often possible to identify cere... more The paper mainly concerns barley and a lesser extent wheat. It is often possible to identify cereal species presented on coins. Club wheat ITriticum compactum Host) occurs among others on coins of Thracian Chersonesus, Tragilos (Macedonia), Tarsus (Cilicia), Olbia Pontica. Emmer wheat (Tritucum dicoccon) is presented on coins of Thessalian Scotussa, Byzantion and Theodosia. Siculo-Punic coins probably bear durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Multi-row barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) is presented on coins of Thracian Kallatis, Gela, Metapontum, Abdera, Messene, Syracuse and Rhodes as well as on Sardo-Punic coins. Two-row barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. Distichum) occurs in the iconography of coins of Boeotian Orchomenus. According to the authors, representations of cereals on coins could initially symbolize "first fruits" offered to gods and their monetary substitute. Depiction of barley grain may be related also to Middle East weight systems based on cereals. Such connection was obvious to Greeks. On Roman coins cereals were usually presented in the form of ears. It is difficult to unambiguously identify their types. It is very possible that this was deliberate, because these cereals symbolized general ideas such abundance. Few cases in the Roman coinage, where cereals of particular species are indicated, refer to the period of the Republic. These are, among others, cast coins, so-called Romano-Campanian, dated to the 3rd c. BC, which depiction of barley grain, iconographically referring to earlier Greek issues from South Italy. Generally though, in terms of cereal representations, there is no basis for treating for Roman coinage as a continuation of Greek one.
Biuletyn Numizmatyczny, 2011
The first stater of Sauromates II comes from 471 of the Bosporan Era, that is 174/175 AD. The las... more The first stater of Sauromates II comes from 471 of the Bosporan Era, that is 174/175 AD. The last stater of his predecessor, the king Eupator (154/155-170/171) comes from 467 of the Bosporan Era. On the basis of both coins and inscriptions it is not possible to affirm, which of these kings reigned in years 467-471 of the Bosporan Era. It is also possible, that the other king reigned at that time, after whom no inscriptions or coins remained.
A characteristic feature of the coinage of Sauromates II is the introduction of new denominations: double denarii with "B" sign", denarii, drachmas with the sign of denomination ΡΜΔ (144 units), double sestertii with ςq sign (96 units).
Among double denarii there is a series with representation of eight (from among twelve known from the mythology) works of Heracles, stylistically referring to the Roman provincial coinage.
Biuletyn Numizmatyczny, 2011
Coins of Sauromates I are made of two metals: gold - staters as well as bronze - coins with the s... more Coins of Sauromates I are made of two metals: gold - staters as well as bronze - coins with the symbol of denomination ΚΔ (conventionally called dupondii) as well as coins with symbol MH (defined as sestertii), dupondii are comparatively rare. First staters were struck by Sauromates in 390 of the Bosporan Era (93/94 AD) according to pattern established in time of his father Rhescuporis I. Latest staters of this ruler are dated back to 420 of the Bosporan Era (123/124 AD).
Interesting is the presence of additional symbols on main sides of staters. On some of these coins struck in 405 of the Bosporan Era (108/109 AD) there is a symbol in form of a trident on the right side of bust of Sauromates, while on stater from 408, i.e. 111/112 AD. there is a symbol in form of a sword. Representations of a trident occur not only on gold coins, but also on bronze ones. However the most frequent symbol on staters is a dot on reverse. Symbolism of these signs is one of the so far unsolved riddles of the Bosporan coinage.
Bronze coins of Sauromates I bear also countermarks, often in a form of a mark "B", which can mean both the Greek letter "beta" and number "2". There is known sestertius with countermark in a form of the letter "A" as well with the symbol "B" and a portrait of Septimius Severus (193-211). Those features indicate, that some of these coins were re-introduced to the circulation during the reign of Sauromates II (174/175-210/211 AD).
Biuletyn Numizmatyczny, 2010
The Bosporan Kingdom was a small ancient Greek state, located in eastern Crimea and western part ... more The Bosporan Kingdom was a small ancient Greek state, located in eastern Crimea and western part of the Taman Paninsula. In the first centuries AD the state was dependent on the Roman Empire, however never became a part of it. One of the Bosporan kings Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis I issued gold staters as well as bronze coins of denomination 24 and 48 units, traditionally called dupondii and sestertii. The oldest known stater of Rhescuporis come from year 365 of the Bosporan Era, i.e. 68/69 AD, while the youngest is dated to 388 of the Bosporan Era, i.e. 91/92 AD. On this basis the period of his reign was established. Staters from 68/69-78/79 AD bear on both sides heads of the Roman emperor Vespasian as well his son Titus. Moreover there is a monogram of Rhescuporis on the reverse as well as date in year calculated according to the Bosporan Era. Since 80/81 AD on main side of staters is placed head of Rhescuporis along with the legend BACIΛEωC PHCKOYΠOPIΔOC or TIBEPIOC IOYΛIOC BACIΛEωC PHCKOYΠOPIΔOC, which means respectively "of king Rhescuporis" and "of Tiberius Julius king Rhescuporis", and emperor's head is placed on obverse along with date in year. According to this pattern Bosporan staters aer struck until 4th c. AD. It is belived that it is the evidence of change of status of Bosporan Kingdom in relations with Rome, consisted in widening the autonomy.
Bronze coins of Rhescuporis I do not bear dates in years. They are dated on the basis of similarity of legends placed on them to legends on staters. Considerable part of representations placed on bronze coins concern victorious wars, probably with tribe of Alans. Among sestertii there is a series of coins with a king sitting on a curule chair nd holding a sceptre with man's head on top. There is an opinion that it is a head of Roman emperor. There are also known Roman tesserae contemporary to these coins with representation of identical sceptre. The legend placed on them tells, that they are connected with cult of Apollo. Probably sceptre held in a hand of Rhescuporis was topped with a head of Apollo, and on coin, the king is presented as his priest, fulfilling this role by virtute of ascending the throne. Sometimes attributed to Rhescuporis series of dupondii with front of temple on reverse (fig. 10, 11) should be connected with mint activity of his parents Cotys I and Eunice.
Warszawski Pamiętnik Numizmatyczny, 2018
The article is an attempt of the continuation of the research presented by A. M. Woodward in "The... more The article is an attempt of the continuation of the research presented by A. M. Woodward in "The coinage of Didius Julianus and his family" (1961). The analysis of the coins struck during the 66 days reign of Didius Julianus crears the opportunity for investigation of the mint of Rome activity. The comparison of number of dies selected both investigations is shown in Table 1. The sequence of the each type issue was reconstructed according to the weight of coins. In author's opinion serval denominations within the same type were struck in the same time. The earliest type was Fortuna, next was Rector Orbis and the last was Concordia Militum. The coins of Manlia Scantilla was earlier that the ones of Didia Clara. The coins of Manlia was also chronologically close (maybe from parallel issue) to the Fortuna type of Didius Julianus coins. The coins of Didia are chronologically close to Rector Orbis type. The issue of Concordia Militum coins was stoped due to dethronement and death of Didius Julianus. The explicit differences of each coin types weights occured because the issuer tried to adjust the mint rate to capabilities of the treasury. That was the correction of the failed financial reform of Pertinax. Based on the analysis of coin design the autor pointed out their designers and the maker of patterns (Artist A), engraver (Artist B) who made dies by design and oversaw their production. The autor claims that bronze denominations with the Didius Julianus effigy were the sestertii and dupondii...
Biuletyn Numizmatyczny, 2011
Bosporan coinage was described may times, however many problems still remain unclear and unsolved... more Bosporan coinage was described may times, however many problems still remain unclear and unsolved. One of them is the question of meaning of additional signs placed on coins of the Bosporan rulers since more or less the beginning of the Christian era until the last Bosporan coins,issued by the king Rhescuporis V. Different researchers tried to analyze each ruler's signs separately, while it seems, it should be done in long-term perspective. Thanks to this it is possible to notice several regularities: 1. Additional signs were placed both on bronze coins of denomination 48 units as well as on staters. 2. The number of these signs increases along with decrease of content of gold in alloy. Few signs appear only one time e.g. vertical line and two dots, Ω, ΘΕ. 4. Not all coins struck in the same year bear additional signs. 5. Signs occur both on obverses and reverses of coins, sometimes different signs occur on both sides of one coin. 6. Some signs appear every year, others once every few years. 7. Same signs are placed on coins of different rulers over many years. 8. It happens,that on coins of two different rulers from the same year signs repeat e.g. a dot on the staters of Cotys III and Sauromates III struck in 526 and 527 of the Bosporan Era, three dots on staters struck in 528 of the Bosporan Era. 9.On coins of the one ruler the same sign could be placed both on obverse and the reverse. 10. Among signs, which were placed on coins of different rulers some occur only on the reverse near the emperor's portrait: the eagle and the star. 11. Bronze coins bear only signs such a dot, a club and a trident as well the sign "I" - only on coins of Aspurgus I.
Because of insufficient number of sources the question of meaning of these symbols is still open. Thanks to this review in long-term perspective it is possible to reject some statements from the literature.
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Papers by Krzysztof Jarzęcki
their previous owner is known: Kazimierz Miaskowski (1875-1947), a catholic priest, and author of many publications associated with the Inowrocław region. The land around Inowrocław stands out as an area in which many ancient coins have been found. The author analyses coins from the museum against the background of finds from the Inowrocław area. Many of the coins in the collection are likely to have been found in the immediate area of the town. The author also tries to reconstruct the collections from which they came, and the fate of these collections.
The paper is dedicated to the 15 coins of the emperor Nerva from the collection of the Archaeological and Etnographical Museum in Łódź: 7 denarii, 3 sestertii, 1 dupondius and 4 ases. All the coins were purchased. Author evaluates them popularity and weight parameters based on a comparison to finds, especially hoards and informations from the auction houses.
According to the authors, the representation of a plough on Panticapaeum bronze coins, dated to 150–125 BC, presumably refers to the ritual of “holy ploughing”, associated with the cult of Demeter as the patron of the fertility. An important part of the research are poleis coins of the Northern Black Sea region – Olbia, Tyras and Theodosia. In the coinage of these cities, Demeter was portrayed in two ways: as a beautiful woman in a wreath of ears of grain or a “despairing mother” (goddess with covered head). The second type of representations appeared in all the listed poleis in the middle – second half of the 3rd century BC. Once again, the depiction of the “sad goddess” was placed on the Olbian coins in the third quarter of the 2nd century BC, i.e. at the same time as plough appeared on Panticapaeum coins. Hence the supposition that the use of these representations may have been associated with some one-time phenomenon affecting the entire Northern Black Sea region. It could have been a decrease in the size of crops, caused by rapid weather or climate changes.
A characteristic feature of the coinage of Sauromates II is the introduction of new denominations: double denarii with "B" sign", denarii, drachmas with the sign of denomination ΡΜΔ (144 units), double sestertii with ςq sign (96 units).
Among double denarii there is a series with representation of eight (from among twelve known from the mythology) works of Heracles, stylistically referring to the Roman provincial coinage.
Interesting is the presence of additional symbols on main sides of staters. On some of these coins struck in 405 of the Bosporan Era (108/109 AD) there is a symbol in form of a trident on the right side of bust of Sauromates, while on stater from 408, i.e. 111/112 AD. there is a symbol in form of a sword. Representations of a trident occur not only on gold coins, but also on bronze ones. However the most frequent symbol on staters is a dot on reverse. Symbolism of these signs is one of the so far unsolved riddles of the Bosporan coinage.
Bronze coins of Sauromates I bear also countermarks, often in a form of a mark "B", which can mean both the Greek letter "beta" and number "2". There is known sestertius with countermark in a form of the letter "A" as well with the symbol "B" and a portrait of Septimius Severus (193-211). Those features indicate, that some of these coins were re-introduced to the circulation during the reign of Sauromates II (174/175-210/211 AD).
Bronze coins of Rhescuporis I do not bear dates in years. They are dated on the basis of similarity of legends placed on them to legends on staters. Considerable part of representations placed on bronze coins concern victorious wars, probably with tribe of Alans. Among sestertii there is a series of coins with a king sitting on a curule chair nd holding a sceptre with man's head on top. There is an opinion that it is a head of Roman emperor. There are also known Roman tesserae contemporary to these coins with representation of identical sceptre. The legend placed on them tells, that they are connected with cult of Apollo. Probably sceptre held in a hand of Rhescuporis was topped with a head of Apollo, and on coin, the king is presented as his priest, fulfilling this role by virtute of ascending the throne. Sometimes attributed to Rhescuporis series of dupondii with front of temple on reverse (fig. 10, 11) should be connected with mint activity of his parents Cotys I and Eunice.
Because of insufficient number of sources the question of meaning of these symbols is still open. Thanks to this review in long-term perspective it is possible to reject some statements from the literature.
their previous owner is known: Kazimierz Miaskowski (1875-1947), a catholic priest, and author of many publications associated with the Inowrocław region. The land around Inowrocław stands out as an area in which many ancient coins have been found. The author analyses coins from the museum against the background of finds from the Inowrocław area. Many of the coins in the collection are likely to have been found in the immediate area of the town. The author also tries to reconstruct the collections from which they came, and the fate of these collections.
The paper is dedicated to the 15 coins of the emperor Nerva from the collection of the Archaeological and Etnographical Museum in Łódź: 7 denarii, 3 sestertii, 1 dupondius and 4 ases. All the coins were purchased. Author evaluates them popularity and weight parameters based on a comparison to finds, especially hoards and informations from the auction houses.
According to the authors, the representation of a plough on Panticapaeum bronze coins, dated to 150–125 BC, presumably refers to the ritual of “holy ploughing”, associated with the cult of Demeter as the patron of the fertility. An important part of the research are poleis coins of the Northern Black Sea region – Olbia, Tyras and Theodosia. In the coinage of these cities, Demeter was portrayed in two ways: as a beautiful woman in a wreath of ears of grain or a “despairing mother” (goddess with covered head). The second type of representations appeared in all the listed poleis in the middle – second half of the 3rd century BC. Once again, the depiction of the “sad goddess” was placed on the Olbian coins in the third quarter of the 2nd century BC, i.e. at the same time as plough appeared on Panticapaeum coins. Hence the supposition that the use of these representations may have been associated with some one-time phenomenon affecting the entire Northern Black Sea region. It could have been a decrease in the size of crops, caused by rapid weather or climate changes.
A characteristic feature of the coinage of Sauromates II is the introduction of new denominations: double denarii with "B" sign", denarii, drachmas with the sign of denomination ΡΜΔ (144 units), double sestertii with ςq sign (96 units).
Among double denarii there is a series with representation of eight (from among twelve known from the mythology) works of Heracles, stylistically referring to the Roman provincial coinage.
Interesting is the presence of additional symbols on main sides of staters. On some of these coins struck in 405 of the Bosporan Era (108/109 AD) there is a symbol in form of a trident on the right side of bust of Sauromates, while on stater from 408, i.e. 111/112 AD. there is a symbol in form of a sword. Representations of a trident occur not only on gold coins, but also on bronze ones. However the most frequent symbol on staters is a dot on reverse. Symbolism of these signs is one of the so far unsolved riddles of the Bosporan coinage.
Bronze coins of Sauromates I bear also countermarks, often in a form of a mark "B", which can mean both the Greek letter "beta" and number "2". There is known sestertius with countermark in a form of the letter "A" as well with the symbol "B" and a portrait of Septimius Severus (193-211). Those features indicate, that some of these coins were re-introduced to the circulation during the reign of Sauromates II (174/175-210/211 AD).
Bronze coins of Rhescuporis I do not bear dates in years. They are dated on the basis of similarity of legends placed on them to legends on staters. Considerable part of representations placed on bronze coins concern victorious wars, probably with tribe of Alans. Among sestertii there is a series of coins with a king sitting on a curule chair nd holding a sceptre with man's head on top. There is an opinion that it is a head of Roman emperor. There are also known Roman tesserae contemporary to these coins with representation of identical sceptre. The legend placed on them tells, that they are connected with cult of Apollo. Probably sceptre held in a hand of Rhescuporis was topped with a head of Apollo, and on coin, the king is presented as his priest, fulfilling this role by virtute of ascending the throne. Sometimes attributed to Rhescuporis series of dupondii with front of temple on reverse (fig. 10, 11) should be connected with mint activity of his parents Cotys I and Eunice.
Because of insufficient number of sources the question of meaning of these symbols is still open. Thanks to this review in long-term perspective it is possible to reject some statements from the literature.
czytelnikom opracowanie wyników badań archeologicznych
i antropologicznych na tzw. placu parafialnym w Płonkowie,
a także szereg informacji o historii parafii i jej patronie św. Oswaldzie.
Rezultaty przeprowadzonych w Płonkowie prac badawczych
oraz wyniki analiz wykonanych przez zespół na różnych płaszczyznach
badań interdyscyplinarnych pozwoliły na ukazanie zmian
zachodzących w obrębie społeczności skupionej wokół kościoła
parafialnego p.w. św. Oswalda. Pozyskane dane pozwoliły na weryfikację
informacji zawartych w tekstach źródłowych oraz odniesienie
ich do kontekstu nawarstwień kulturowych w obrębie stanowiska
archeologicznego. Badania antropologiczne dostarczyły
wielu informacji na temat życia populacji płonkowskiej na przestrzeni
600 lat. W trakcie przygotowywania opracowania do druku
podjęto decyzję o przedstawieniu zebranych materiałów w dwóch
odrębnych tomach. Ma to na celu udostępnienie szerszemu gronu
odbiorców całościowego opracowania źródeł bez pomijania poszczególnych
grup zabytków, ponieważ ich przedstawienie pozwala
na uzupełnienie wyników badań przeprowadzonych na innych
stanowiskach. Przedmioty związane z działalnością kościoła,
poszczególne pochówki wraz z wyposażeniem grobowym oraz
elementy konstrukcyjne opowiadają swoją własną wersję historii
Płonkowa, jednak stanowią tylko części, które dopiero zebrane
w jedną całość pozwalają na zrekonstruowanie historii małej wsi,
która w swoich dziejach miała okresy bogactwa i utrzymywała szerokie
kontakty handlowe.
Za pomoc w realizacji tego przedsięwzięcia serdecznie dziękujemy
przede wszystkim proboszczowi parafii w Płonkowie ks.
Józefowi Bachorzowi, a także instytucjom, w szczególności Radzie
Gminy Rojewo i Departamentowi Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich
Urzędu Marszałkowskiego w Toruniu.
Książkę tę dedykujemy mieszkańcom Gminy i wszystkim
sympatykom historii nowożytnej. Mamy nadzieję, że dzięki tym
badaniom wieś Płonkowo znajdzie stałe miejsce na archeologicznej
mapie Polski.
Część badań antropologicznych dotyczących szkieletów dziecięcych
z Płonkowa była współfinansowana z grantu MNiSW
nr N303822140.
The paper is a presentation and analysis of evolution of representation of griffon in Bosporan Coinage, mainly based on the recently separated variant of Panticapaeum tetrachalkos.
XXX, n. 1, marzo 2020, 192 pp.
Trajan, First paperback edition, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. XXXII + 797.