Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when two or more professions learn with, about and from ... more Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when two or more professions learn with, about and from each other to improve collaboration and quality of health care. Before implementation of IPE, a study was done to evaluate the readiness of healthcare lecturers on IPE. Perceptions were evaluated among lecturers of four different faculties; Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Health Sciences. A total of 261 set of questionnaires were distributed with a returned of only 148 sets giving a response of 57%. One-way Anova was used to compare the perception of lecturers among the four faculties giving a significant difference for skills and knowledge (F3 144 = 491, p < 005), professional identity (F3 144 = 841, p < 001), collaboration and team work (F3 144 = 504, p < 005) subscales. Post-hoc comparison using Tukey’s test showed a higher mean score for Faculty of Medicine as to Faculty of Health Sciences for all three of the subscales. As for willingness in performing IPL and methods of conducting IPL, there was no significant difference (p > 005) in all the subscales. Independent T -test was performed in evaluating the academic year suitable for implementation of IPL and the result showed a higher mean score for later years ( = 351 ± 110) as to earlier years ( = 307 ± 113) of education. In conclusion, healthcare lecturers had a positive perception and showed readiness in implementing IPE based on the average mean scale obtained that was greater than 3.0.
Background: Most women are reluctant to undergo breast cancer screenings due to the pain
and anxi... more Background: Most women are reluctant to undergo breast cancer screenings due to the pain and anxiety they experience. Sectionalthree-dimensional (3-D) breasttomosynthesis was introduced to improve cancer detection, but breast compression is still used for the acquisition of images. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of reduced compression force on pain, anxiety and image quality in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). Methods: A total of 130 women underwent screening mammography using convenience sampling withstandard and reduced compressionforce atthe breast clinic. A validated questionnaire of 20 items on the state anxiety level and a 4-point verbal rating scale on the pain level were conducted after the mammography. Craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) projections were performed with standard compression, but only the CC view was performed with reduced compression. Two independent radiologists evaluated the images using image criteria scores (ICS) and the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). Results: Standard compression exhibited significantly increased scores for pain and anxiety levels compared with reduced compression (P < 0.001). Both radiologists scored the standard and reduced compression images as equal, with scores of 87.5% and 92.5% for ICS and BI-RADS scoring, respectively. Conclusions: Reduced compression force in DBT reduces anxiety and pain levels without compromising image qualit
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive procedure using electrical impedance to i... more Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive procedure using electrical impedance to image the human breast. Due to its mobility and using non-compression technique it is appealing to patients. This scanning device does not emit any ionizing radiation thus it can be done on pregnant women by means of no age limit. Since the EIT has play some supplementary function in the breast imaging, a lot of research on its clinical accuracy has been done. Therefore, the aim is to carry out a review of EIT clinical accuracy and assess the quality of journal by using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) criteria. The journals that assess the sensitivity were search through various databases and the clinical accuracy of EIT in each journal is recorded. The review shows that the range sensitivity (Sn) of EIT system to human breast in ten journals was between 17% and 94.6%. The range of specificity (Sp) is between 49% and 97.1%. The negative (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) is between 74% and 98%; 4% and 73.3% respectively. The accuracy (ACC) of EIT is between 69% and 80.5%. This value is found to be supported that EIT can be used as an adjunct screening technique for human breast.
Digital mammography has been progressively introduced in screening centers and the concern is to ... more Digital mammography has been progressively introduced in screening centers and the concern is to achieve an image of diagnostic value which would be able to detect early changes in the breast tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the image quality of mammograms using quantitative and qualitative methods of two FFDM systems with variations in breast thickness and
Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when two or more professions learn with, about and from ... more Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when two or more professions learn with, about and from each other to improve collaboration and quality of health care. Before implementation of IPE, a study was done to evaluate the readiness of healthcare lecturers on IPE. Perceptions were evaluated among lecturers of four different faculties; Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Health Sciences. A total of 261 set of questionnaires were distributed with a returned of only 148 sets giving a response of 57%. One-way Anova was used to compare the perception of lecturers among the four faculties giving a significant difference for skills and knowledge (F3 144 = 491, p < 005), professional identity (F3 144 = 841, p < 001), collaboration and team work (F3 144 = 504, p < 005) subscales. Post-hoc comparison using Tukey’s test showed a higher mean score for Faculty of Medicine as to Faculty of Health Sciences for all three of the subscales. As for willingness in performing IPL and methods of conducting IPL, there was no significant difference (p > 005) in all the subscales. Independent T -test was performed in evaluating the academic year suitable for implementation of IPL and the result showed a higher mean score for later years ( = 351 ± 110) as to earlier years ( = 307 ± 113) of education. In conclusion, healthcare lecturers had a positive perception and showed readiness in implementing IPE based on the average mean scale obtained that was greater than 3.0.
Background: Most women are reluctant to undergo breast cancer screenings due to the pain
and anxi... more Background: Most women are reluctant to undergo breast cancer screenings due to the pain and anxiety they experience. Sectionalthree-dimensional (3-D) breasttomosynthesis was introduced to improve cancer detection, but breast compression is still used for the acquisition of images. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of reduced compression force on pain, anxiety and image quality in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). Methods: A total of 130 women underwent screening mammography using convenience sampling withstandard and reduced compressionforce atthe breast clinic. A validated questionnaire of 20 items on the state anxiety level and a 4-point verbal rating scale on the pain level were conducted after the mammography. Craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) projections were performed with standard compression, but only the CC view was performed with reduced compression. Two independent radiologists evaluated the images using image criteria scores (ICS) and the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). Results: Standard compression exhibited significantly increased scores for pain and anxiety levels compared with reduced compression (P < 0.001). Both radiologists scored the standard and reduced compression images as equal, with scores of 87.5% and 92.5% for ICS and BI-RADS scoring, respectively. Conclusions: Reduced compression force in DBT reduces anxiety and pain levels without compromising image qualit
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive procedure using electrical impedance to i... more Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive procedure using electrical impedance to image the human breast. Due to its mobility and using non-compression technique it is appealing to patients. This scanning device does not emit any ionizing radiation thus it can be done on pregnant women by means of no age limit. Since the EIT has play some supplementary function in the breast imaging, a lot of research on its clinical accuracy has been done. Therefore, the aim is to carry out a review of EIT clinical accuracy and assess the quality of journal by using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) criteria. The journals that assess the sensitivity were search through various databases and the clinical accuracy of EIT in each journal is recorded. The review shows that the range sensitivity (Sn) of EIT system to human breast in ten journals was between 17% and 94.6%. The range of specificity (Sp) is between 49% and 97.1%. The negative (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) is between 74% and 98%; 4% and 73.3% respectively. The accuracy (ACC) of EIT is between 69% and 80.5%. This value is found to be supported that EIT can be used as an adjunct screening technique for human breast.
Digital mammography has been progressively introduced in screening centers and the concern is to ... more Digital mammography has been progressively introduced in screening centers and the concern is to achieve an image of diagnostic value which would be able to detect early changes in the breast tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the image quality of mammograms using quantitative and qualitative methods of two FFDM systems with variations in breast thickness and
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improve collaboration and quality of health care. Before implementation of IPE, a study was done to evaluate the
readiness of healthcare lecturers on IPE. Perceptions were evaluated among lecturers of four different faculties;
Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Health Sciences. A total of 261 set
of questionnaires were distributed with a returned of only 148 sets giving a response of 57%. One-way Anova
was used to compare the perception of lecturers among the four faculties giving a significant difference for skills
and knowledge (F3 144 = 491, p < 005), professional identity (F3 144 = 841, p < 001), collaboration and team
work (F3 144 = 504, p < 005) subscales. Post-hoc comparison using Tukey’s test showed a higher mean score
for Faculty of Medicine as to Faculty of Health Sciences for all three of the subscales. As for willingness in
performing IPL and methods of conducting IPL, there was no significant difference (p > 005) in all the subscales.
Independent T -test was performed in evaluating the academic year suitable for implementation of IPL and the
result showed a higher mean score for later years ( = 351 ± 110) as to earlier years ( = 307 ± 113) of
education. In conclusion, healthcare lecturers had a positive perception and showed readiness in implementing
IPE based on the average mean scale obtained that was greater than 3.0.
and anxiety they experience. Sectionalthree-dimensional (3-D) breasttomosynthesis was introduced
to improve cancer detection, but breast compression is still used for the acquisition of images. This
study was conducted to investigate the effects of reduced compression force on pain, anxiety and
image quality in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT).
Methods: A total of 130 women underwent screening mammography using convenience
sampling withstandard and reduced compressionforce atthe breast clinic. A validated questionnaire
of 20 items on the state anxiety level and a 4-point verbal rating scale on the pain level were
conducted after the mammography. Craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) projections
were performed with standard compression, but only the CC view was performed with reduced
compression. Two independent radiologists evaluated the images using image criteria scores (ICS)
and the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS).
Results: Standard compression exhibited significantly increased scores for pain and anxiety
levels compared with reduced compression (P < 0.001). Both radiologists scored the standard and
reduced compression images as equal, with scores of 87.5% and 92.5% for ICS and BI-RADS scoring,
respectively.
Conclusions: Reduced compression force in DBT reduces anxiety and pain levels without
compromising image qualit
improve collaboration and quality of health care. Before implementation of IPE, a study was done to evaluate the
readiness of healthcare lecturers on IPE. Perceptions were evaluated among lecturers of four different faculties;
Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Health Sciences. A total of 261 set
of questionnaires were distributed with a returned of only 148 sets giving a response of 57%. One-way Anova
was used to compare the perception of lecturers among the four faculties giving a significant difference for skills
and knowledge (F3 144 = 491, p < 005), professional identity (F3 144 = 841, p < 001), collaboration and team
work (F3 144 = 504, p < 005) subscales. Post-hoc comparison using Tukey’s test showed a higher mean score
for Faculty of Medicine as to Faculty of Health Sciences for all three of the subscales. As for willingness in
performing IPL and methods of conducting IPL, there was no significant difference (p > 005) in all the subscales.
Independent T -test was performed in evaluating the academic year suitable for implementation of IPL and the
result showed a higher mean score for later years ( = 351 ± 110) as to earlier years ( = 307 ± 113) of
education. In conclusion, healthcare lecturers had a positive perception and showed readiness in implementing
IPE based on the average mean scale obtained that was greater than 3.0.
and anxiety they experience. Sectionalthree-dimensional (3-D) breasttomosynthesis was introduced
to improve cancer detection, but breast compression is still used for the acquisition of images. This
study was conducted to investigate the effects of reduced compression force on pain, anxiety and
image quality in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT).
Methods: A total of 130 women underwent screening mammography using convenience
sampling withstandard and reduced compressionforce atthe breast clinic. A validated questionnaire
of 20 items on the state anxiety level and a 4-point verbal rating scale on the pain level were
conducted after the mammography. Craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) projections
were performed with standard compression, but only the CC view was performed with reduced
compression. Two independent radiologists evaluated the images using image criteria scores (ICS)
and the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS).
Results: Standard compression exhibited significantly increased scores for pain and anxiety
levels compared with reduced compression (P < 0.001). Both radiologists scored the standard and
reduced compression images as equal, with scores of 87.5% and 92.5% for ICS and BI-RADS scoring,
respectively.
Conclusions: Reduced compression force in DBT reduces anxiety and pain levels without
compromising image qualit