Taiwan Railways Administration

Taiwan Railways Administration
臺灣鐵路管理局
Agency overview
Formed	1948
Preceding agency	Railway Administration Council, Taiwan Provincial Administrative Executive Office;
Dissolved	2023
Superseding agency	None; operations succeeded by Taiwan Railway Corporation Limited;
Jurisdiction	Taiwan
Headquarters	Taipei Main Station, Zhongzheng, Taipei
Agency executive	Du Wei, Director-General (2021–2023);
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	臺灣鐵路管理局
Simplified Chinese	台湾铁路管理局
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Táiwān Tiělù Guǎnlǐjú
Wade–Giles	T'ai2-wan1 T'ieh3-lu4 Kuan3-li3-chü2
Tongyong Pinyin	Táiwan Tiělù Guǎnlǐjyú
Hakka
Romanization	Thòi-vàn Thiet-lu Kón-lî-khiu̍k
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Tâi-oân Thih-lō· Koán-lí-kio̍k
Tâi-lô	Tâi-uân Thih-lōo Kuán-lí-kio̍k

Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA)^[I] was a governmental agency in Taiwan which operated Taiwan Railway from 1948 to 2023. It managed, maintained, and operated conventional passenger and freight railway services on 1,097 km (682 mi) of track.^[1] Passenger traffic in 2018 was 231,267,955.^[2]

On 1 January 2024, Taiwan Railway Administration became a state-owned corporation, Taiwan Railway Corporation. The agency's headquarters was at Taipei Main Station in Zhongzheng District, Taipei at the time of dissolution, the site which became the headquarter of the new company.^[3]

History

The Teng-yun (Chinese: 騰雲), built by Hohenzollern Locomotive Works, was the first steam locomotive operated in Taiwan.

Taiwan Railways' Electro-Motive Division G12-class diesel locomotive R51

The railway between Keelung and Hsinchu was completed during the Qing era in 1893.^[4] In 1895, the Qing Empire ceded Formosa (Taiwan) to the Empire of Japan after the First Sino-Japanese War. The line was about 100 kilometres (62 mi) in length but in a poor condition when the Japanese arrived.^[5]^[6]^{[citation needed]} The railway was rebuilt and expanded under the Railway Department [zh] of the Government-General of Taiwan during Japanese rule.

Following the surrender of Japan in the aftermath of World War II, TRA was founded as a government organisation that falls under transport office of Taiwan Provincial Government in 1948. In 1998, it was transferred to the Ministry of Transportation and Communication (MOTC) of the central government and employed around 13,500 people (4,700 in transportation and 7,700 in maintenance titles) and directly operated some 682 route miles of 3’6” (1,067 mm) gauge railways.^[when?]^[7] Three mainlines form a complete circle around the island.^[8] TRA's West Coast line and Badu-Hualien section feature mostly double-track, electrification, modern colour light and cab signalling, overrun protection, and centralized traffic control (CTC).^[9] South-link line, east coast Taitung (converted from 762 mm gauge), and three “tourist” branches are non-electrified single-track with passing sidings.

Corporatization of TRA

Because of the several hundred-billions TWD of liabilities, and the legal person type of TRA is considered a block for elasticity operations of railway systems, there were several campaigns and groups set up that aim to take privatization and corporatization actions for TRA since 1990s. In May 2022 the Legislative Yuan approved the Act for Establishment of State-owned Taiwan Railway Co., Ltd. The legislation provided that TRA will transit to a state-owned railway company, set up a fund to handle debts of TRA, retain its employees, and consider raising salaries by 3~5%.^[10] TRA was incorporated as Taiwan Railway Corporation on January 1, 2024.^[11]

Notes

Words in native languages

^
- Traditional Chinese script: 臺灣鐵路管理局（臺鐵）
- Mandarin Pinyin: Táiwān Tiělù Guǎnlǐjú　(Táitiě)
- Hokkien: Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Koán-lí-kio̍k (Tâi-thih)
- Hailu Hakka: Thòi-vân Thiet-lu Kón-lî-khiu̍k (Thòi-thiet)

References

Citations

^ "Transportation". A Brief Introduction to Taiwan. ROC Government Information Office. Archived from the original on 18 May 2006. Retrieved 19 May 2006.
^ "Statistics". railway.gov.tw. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
^ "Contact Us Archived 19 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine." Taiwan Railways Administration. Retrieved on March 1, 2014. "ADD: No.3, Beiping W. Rd., Jhongjheng District, Taipei City 100, Taiwan (R.O.C.)(Zip Code10041)" - Address in Chinese Archived 31 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine: "機關地址：臺北市北平西路三號（郵遞區號10041）"
^ Davidson (1903), pp. 620–621: "The first Formosa railway was built by the Chinese government and was completed in 1893. On the arrival of the Japanese, the line, some 100 kilometers in length, came into their possession. It was found to be in such wretched condition, however, that a satisfactory train service could not be maintained. The rolling stock was also limited and entirely unsuited to the requirements.^{[citation needed]} Accordingly work was commenced on the line at once. The Kelung-Taihoku branch was completely reconstructed as so to avoid the numerous short curves and the steep grades. The line leading from Taihoku to the south received also some attention, the total cost of these improvements reaching nearly two million yen. The railway was at this time under the direct control of the Military Department. In 1897, it came under the control of the Civil Department. It was the intention at one time to hand it over to the private railway company organized in Japan for the purpose of completing the Formosa railway system. The private railway company, however, failed to obtain public support, and in 1898 the Formosan government announced its intention of carrying on the work itself. Under the able direction of Chief Engineer Hasegawa the plans were soon formulated, and in 1899 work was commenced on the southern line from Takow north to Tainan, a distance of 28 miles. This section was completed in November, 1900. The Kelung and Shinchiku (Teckcham), lines were repaired, much rolling stock was added, and in the fall of 1900 work was commenced on the short branch line from Taihoku, (Taipeh) to Tamsui, (Hobe), which was completed in June 1901. There is a great deal of traffic between the port Tamsui and Taihoku and its suburbs, Banka and Daitotei (Twatutia). The new line runs via Maruyama, Shirin, Hokuto, and Kantau."
^ Davidson (1903), p. 620.
^ Davidson, James W. (1903). Formosa under Japanese rule. London: Japan Society. p. 47. OCLC 860694076.
^ Abbott, James (ed.) Jane’s World Railways, 38th Ed., Coulsdon, Surrey, England, 1996.
^ "Transportation Research Board Compendium of Papers Online Portal: Sea…". Archived from the original on 28 December 2012.
^ 交通部台灣鐵路管理局號誌裝置養護檢查作業程序 [TRA Signalling Equipment Maintenance Inspection Standard Operating Procedures] (doc). Banqiao: Taiwan Railways Administration, Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 2003. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
^ Lu, Yifeng (27 May 2022). "台鐵公司化三讀通過交通部年底完成16條子法審議". UDN Taiwan. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
^ Preston, Robert (2 January 2024). "TRA becomes Taiwan Railway Corporation". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

Sources

Davidson, James W. (1903). The Island of Formosa, Past and Present : history, people, resources, and commercial prospects : tea, camphor, sugar, gold, coal, sulphur, economical plants, and other productions. London and New York: Macmillan. OL 6931635M.

External links

Taiwan Railways Administration
Useful, user-friendly English website, including routes and schedules: Taiwan Railways Administration (English website) Archived 27 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine

[1] 
Traditional Chinese script: 臺灣鐵路管理局（臺鐵）
Mandarin Pinyin: Táiwān Tiělù Guǎnlǐjú　(Táitiě)
Hokkien: Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Koán-lí-kio̍k (Tâi-thih)
Hailu Hakka: Thòi-vân Thiet-lu Kón-lî-khiu̍k (Thòi-thiet)

[2] Traditional Chinese script: 臺灣鐵路管理局（臺鐵）

[3] Mandarin Pinyin: Táiwān Tiělù Guǎnlǐjú　(Táitiě)

[4] Hokkien: Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Koán-lí-kio̍k (Tâi-thih)

[5] Hailu Hakka: Thòi-vân Thiet-lu Kón-lî-khiu̍k (Thòi-thiet)

[2] "Transportation". A Brief Introduction to Taiwan. ROC Government Information Office. Archived from the original on 18 May 2006. Retrieved 19 May 2006.

[3] "Statistics". railway.gov.tw. Retrieved 28 October 2019.

[4] "Contact Us Archived 19 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine." Taiwan Railways Administration. Retrieved on March 1, 2014. "ADD: No.3, Beiping W. Rd., Jhongjheng District, Taipei City 100, Taiwan (R.O.C.)(Zip Code10041)" - Address in Chinese Archived 31 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine: "機關地址：臺北市北平西路三號（郵遞區號10041）"

[FOOTNOTEDavidson1903620–621-5] Davidson (1903), pp. 620–621: "The first Formosa railway was built by the Chinese government and was completed in 1893. On the arrival of the Japanese, the line, some 100 kilometers in length, came into their possession. It was found to be in such wretched condition, however, that a satisfactory train service could not be maintained. The rolling stock was also limited and entirely unsuited to the requirements.^{[citation needed]} Accordingly work was commenced on the line at once. The Kelung-Taihoku branch was completely reconstructed as so to avoid the numerous short curves and the steep grades. The line leading from Taihoku to the south received also some attention, the total cost of these improvements reaching nearly two million yen. The railway was at this time under the direct control of the Military Department. In 1897, it came under the control of the Civil Department. It was the intention at one time to hand it over to the private railway company organized in Japan for the purpose of completing the Formosa railway system. The private railway company, however, failed to obtain public support, and in 1898 the Formosan government announced its intention of carrying on the work itself. Under the able direction of Chief Engineer Hasegawa the plans were soon formulated, and in 1899 work was commenced on the southern line from Takow north to Tainan, a distance of 28 miles. This section was completed in November, 1900. The Kelung and Shinchiku (Teckcham), lines were repaired, much rolling stock was added, and in the fall of 1900 work was commenced on the short branch line from Taihoku, (Taipeh) to Tamsui, (Hobe), which was completed in June 1901. There is a great deal of traffic between the port Tamsui and Taihoku and its suburbs, Banka and Daitotei (Twatutia). The new line runs via Maruyama, Shirin, Hokuto, and Kantau."

[FOOTNOTEDavidson1903620-6] Davidson (1903), p. 620.

[7] Davidson, James W. (1903). Formosa under Japanese rule. London: Japan Society. p. 47. OCLC 860694076.

[8] Abbott, James (ed.) Jane’s World Railways, 38th Ed., Coulsdon, Surrey, England, 1996.

[9] "Transportation Research Board Compendium of Papers Online Portal: Sea…". Archived from the original on 28 December 2012.

[10] 交通部台灣鐵路管理局號誌裝置養護檢查作業程序 [TRA Signalling Equipment Maintenance Inspection Standard Operating Procedures] (doc). Banqiao: Taiwan Railways Administration, Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 2003. Retrieved 16 February 2010.

[11] Lu, Yifeng (27 May 2022). "台鐵公司化三讀通過交通部年底完成16條子法審議". UDN Taiwan. Retrieved 11 October 2022.

[12] Preston, Robert (2 January 2024). "TRA becomes Taiwan Railway Corporation". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

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