殘

See also: 残

殘 U+6B98, 殘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B98 ← 殗 [U+6B97] CJK Unified Ideographs 殙 → [U+6B99]

Translingual

Traditional	殘
Shinjitai	残
Simplified	残

Han character

殘 (Kangxi radical 78, 歹+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一弓戈戈 (MNII), four-corner 1325₃, composition ⿰歹戔)

Derived characters

• 䉔, 𦺐, 𭼨, 𥂫

Descendants

• 残 (cán) (in simplified Chinese)
• 残 (in Japanese shinjitai)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 581, character 37
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16506
• Dae Jaweon: page 974, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1389, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6B98

Chinese

trad.		殘
simp.		残
alternative forms		戔／戋 㱚 𠡡 𢾃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 殘
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (戔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
殘	*zlaːn, *zaːns
戔	*zlaːn
帴	*zlaːn, *saːns, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔsleːn, *sreːd
虥	*zreːn, *zreːn, *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
盞	*ʔsreːnʔ
醆	*ʔsreːnʔ, *ʔljenʔ
琖	*ʔsreːnʔ
剗	*sʰreːnʔ
棧	*zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ
輚	*zreːnʔ, *zraːns
嶘	*zreːnʔ
錢	*ʔslenʔ, *zlen
俴	*ʔslenʔ, *zlenʔ
籛	*ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn
淺	*sʰlenʔ, *ʔsleːn
濺	*ʔsens, *ʔseːn
踐	*zlenʔ
諓	*zlenʔ, *zlens
餞	*zlenʔ, *zlens
賤	*zlens
綫	*slens
箋	*ʔsleːn
牋	*ʔsleːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlaːn, *zaːns) : semantic 歹 (“vicious, bones”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn) – to viciously harm, injure.

Semantic was originally 歺, but was simplified to 歹.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cán (can²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caan⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhàn

  (Hailu, HRS): can

• Eastern Min (BUC): càng / chàng / chiàng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cang² / zang²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhân / chôaⁿ / chân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cang⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ze

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cán
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cán
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻan²
    • Yale: tsán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsarn
    • Palladius: цань (canʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caan⁴
    • Yale: chàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: can⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: can^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: can²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰan¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: can
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: càng / chàng / chiàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ⁵³/, /t͡sʰaŋ⁵³/, /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵³/

Note:

• chàng/chiàng - vernacular - fierce, brave;
• càng - literary - incomplete, disabled.

• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ¹³/
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ¹³/

Note:

• cang2 - vernacular;
• zang2 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhân / chôaⁿ / chân
    • Tâi-lô: tshân / tsuânn / tsân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaan, zvoaa, zaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰan²⁴/, /t͡suã²⁴/, /t͡san²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰan²⁴/, /t͡suã²⁴/, /t͡san²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰan¹³/, /t͡suã¹³/, /t͡san¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰan²⁴/, /t͡suã²⁴/, /t͡san²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰan²³/, /t͡suã²³/, /t͡san²³/

Note:

• chhân - vernacular;
• chôaⁿ - vernacular, trace of saliva;
• chân - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cang⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ze
    • MiniDict: ze^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ze
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ze²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzan

Rime
Character	殘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	昨干切
Baxter	dzan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zan/
Li Rong	/d͡zɑn/
Wang Li	/d͡zɑn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤa[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zlaːn/, /*zaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cán
Middle Chinese	‹ dzan ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]ˁa[n]/
English	damage; hurt; cruel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殘	殘
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5978	5981
Phonetic component	戔	戔
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	殘
Old Chinese	/*zlaːn/	/*zaːns/
Notes		徂由祖校改歹原從月

Definitions

殘

1. to damage; to destroy

   • 傷善者國之殘也，蔽善者國之讒也，愬無罪者國之賊也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     伤善者国之残也，蔽善者国之谗也，愬无罪者国之贼也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Shuoyuan, circa 1^st century BCE

     Shāng shàn zhě guó zhī cán yě, bì shàn zhě guó zhī chán yě, sù wúzuì zhě guó zhī zéi yě. [Pinyin]

     To harm good people is for the kingdom to be damaged; to block out good people is for the kingdom to be slandered; to bring claims against the innocent is for the kingdom to be despoiled.

   • 小忠，大忠之賊也；小利，大利之殘也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     小忠，大忠之贼也；小利，大利之残也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Shuoyuan, circa 1^st century BCE

     Xiǎo zhōng, dà zhōng zhī zéi yě; xiǎo lì, dà lì zhī cán yě. [Pinyin]

     A lesser loyalty despoils a greater loyalty; a lesser profit is the ruin of the greater good.

   • 王曰：「若信有道，不可伐也。」
     對曰：「大之伐小，強之伐弱，猶大魚之吞小魚也，若虎之食豚也，惡有其不得理？」
     文王興師伐徐，殘之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     王曰：「若信有道，不可伐也。」
     对曰：「大之伐小，强之伐弱，犹大鱼之吞小鱼也，若虎之食豚也，恶有其不得理？」
     文王兴师伐徐，残之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Shuoyuan, circa 1^st century BCE

     Wáng yuē: “Ruò xìn yǒu dào, bù kě fá yě.”
     Duì yuē: “Dà zhī fá xiǎo, qiáng zhī fá ruò, yóu dà yú zhī tūn xiǎo yú yě, ruò hǔ zhī shí tún yě, wū yǒu qí bù dé lǐ?”
     Wénwáng xìngshī fá Xú, cán zhī. [Pinyin]

     The king said, "If they are trustworthy, they have the Way. They cannot be attacked."
     They answered, "The great attacking the small and the strong attacking the weak is like the big fish swallowing the smaller fish and the tiger eating the pig. How could that be unprincipled?"
     King Wén raised an army, attacked Xú, and destroyed it.

2. to kill; to injure
3. severe; cruel; brutal

   • 善人為邦百年，亦可以勝殘去殺矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     善人为邦百年，亦可以胜残去杀矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE

     Shànrén wéi bāng bǎinián, yì kěyǐ shèng cán qù shā yǐ. [Pinyin]

     If a good person governs a country for a hundred years, he will be able to prevail over the brutal [people] and eliminate [the need for] capital punishments.

   • 故君之御下，民奢侈者，則應之以儉；驕淫者，則統之以理；未有上仁而下殘，上義而下爭者也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     故君之御下，民奢侈者，则应之以俭；骄淫者，则统之以理；未有上仁而下残，上义而下争者也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Lu Jia, Xinyu (A New Discourse), c. 197 BCE

     Gù jūn zhī yù xià, mín shēchǐ zhě, zé yìng zhī yǐ jiǎn; jiāoyín zhě, zé tǒng zhī yǐ lǐ; wèi yǒu shàng rén ér xià cán, shàng yì ér xià zhēng zhě yě. [Pinyin]

     Thus, the ruler's mastery of his subjects [is like this]: if the people are extravagant, then answer them with thriftiness, and if the people are lascivious, then lead them with principle. There has never been a benevolent ruler with brutal subjects, nor a righteous ruler with quarrelsome subjects.

4. to fade away; to wither; to erode; to deteriorate

   • 快快而亡者，怒也，察察而殘者，忮也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     快快而亡者，怒也，察察而残者，忮也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

     Kuàikuài ér wáng zhě, nù yě, cháchá ér cán zhě, zhì yě. [Pinyin]

     If someone is prompt to act but finds ruin, it is [out of] anger. If someone is meticulous but faces deterioration, it is [out of] stubbornness.

   • 聲色者，淫也；貪姦者，惑也，夫淫惑之國，不亡必殘。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     声色者，淫也；贪奸者，惑也，夫淫惑之国，不亡必残。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Shuoyuan, circa 1^st century BCE

     Shēngsè zhě, yín yě; tānjiān zhě, huò yě, fú yín huò zhī guó, bù wáng bì cán. [Pinyin]

     [To lust for] music and women is being degenerate, and to crave for illicit sex is being deluded. As for a kingdom that is degenerate and deluded, if it is not destroyed, it will surely [at least] be eroded.

5. incomplete; fragmentary

   • 昔者管子說襄公，襄公不說，是不辯也；欲立公子糾而不能，是無能也；家殘於齊而無憂色，是不慈也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     昔者管子说襄公，襄公不说，是不辩也；欲立公子纠而不能，是无能也；家残于齐而无忧色，是不慈也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Shuoyuan, circa 1^st century BCE

     Xīzhě Guǎnzǐ shuō Xiānggōng, Xiānggōng bù yuè, shì bù biàn yě; yù lì gōngzǐ Jiū ér bù néng, shì wúnéng yě; jiā cán yú qí ér wú yōusè, shì bù cí yě. [Pinyin]

     Master Guǎn once spoke to Duke Xiāng, and Duke Xiāng was not pleased; this was being a poor rhetorician. He wanted to crown the duke's son Jiū but could not; this was incompetence. His family was not properly ordered and there was no worried look on his face; this was a lack of fatherly love.

6. remaining; leftover; to be left, to remain

   殘冬／残冬  ―  cándōng  ―  end of winter

7. (Southern Min) trace of saliva (on an object)
8. (Cantonese) old-looking; dilapidated
9. (Southern Sixian Hakka) naughty; mischievous

Synonyms

• (cruel):

edit

• 兇惡 / 凶恶 (xiōng'è)
• 兇殘 / 凶残 (xiōngcán)
• 兇狠 / 凶狠 (xiōnghěn)
• 兇猛 / 凶猛 (xiōngměng)
• 兇險 / 凶险 (xiōngxiǎn)
• 凶暴 (xiōngbào)
• 厲害 / 厉害 (lìhài)
• 嚴酷 / 严酷 (yánkù)
• 強暴 / 强暴 (qiángbào)
• 忍 (rěn) (literary)
• 惡勢 / 恶势 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 惡毒 / 恶毒 (èdú)
• 惡狠狠 / 恶狠狠 (èhěnhěn)
• 慘 / 惨 (cǎn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 暴力 (bàolì)
• 暴戾 (bàolì) (literary)
• 暴虐 (bàonüè)
• 暴躁 (bàozào)
• 橫逆 / 横逆 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 殘忍 / 残忍 (cánrěn)
• 殘暴 / 残暴 (cánbào)
• 殘酷 / 残酷 (cánkù)
• 毒辣 (dúlà)
• 烏心 / 乌心 (Min Nan)
• 狠心 (hěnxīn)
• 狠毒 (hěndú)
• 狠狠 (hěnhěn)
• 猙獰 / 狰狞 (zhēngníng)
• 粗殘 / 粗残 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 辣 (là)
• 酷烈 (kùliè)
• 野蠻 / 野蛮 (yěmán)
• 陰功 / 阴功 (jam¹ gung¹) (Cantonese)
• 險惡 / 险恶 (xiǎn'è)
• 黑心 (hēixīn)

• (naughty):

Dialectal synonyms of 頑皮 (“naughty”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		頑皮, 調皮, 淘氣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	皮, 淘氣, 淘, 猴, 猴兒
	Taiwan	皮, 調皮, 頑皮, 淘氣
	Langfang	調皮
	Singapore	頑皮
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	皮, 淘, 猴兒
	Tangshan	調皮
	Cangzhou	調皮
	Baoding	費
	Shijiazhuang	調皮
	Jinan	調皮, 皮, 淘
Central Plains Mandarin	Daming	費勁
	Xi'an	匪, 淘氣, 俏皮, 皮
	Xuzhou	皮臉
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	淘氣, 費, 千方兒
	Wuhan	神, 調皮, 淘氣
	Kunming	淘氣
	Guilin	跳皮
	Liuzhou	跳皮
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	調皮, 皮
	Nantong	犯厭
	Hefei	調皮, 皮, 頑皮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	跳皮, 百厭, 韌皮, 曳, 反斗, 星君, 扭計, 扭紋, 壞, 煞氣, 頑皮
	Hong Kong	跳皮, 百厭, 韌皮, 曳, 反斗, 壞, 星君, 犯神
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	百厭
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	頑皮
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	百厭
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	懆
	Macau	跳皮
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	曳, 跳皮, 百厭
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	韌皮
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	跳皮
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	百厭
	Foshan	曳, 跳皮, 百厭
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	曳
	Foshan (Shunde)	百厭
	Foshan (Sanshui)	跳皮, 百厭
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	頑皮
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	壞, 跳皮
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	壞
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	百厭, 壞
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	百厭
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	百厭
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	百厭
	Taishan	壞賞, 壞, 曳, 搞家, 譑蠻, 飛耍, 惡教, 匪類, 扭紋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	壞賞, 壞
	Enping (Niujiang)	壞鬼
	Heshan (Yayao)	韌皮
	Dongguan	曳, 百厭
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	百厭, 跳皮
	Yangjiang	跳皮, 蠻皮
	Nanning	跳皮, 百厭, 牛骨, 頑皮
	Wuzhou	韌皮, 百厭, 百跳
	Yulin	頑, 牛骨
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	跳皮, 勿乖
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	頑皮
	Singapore (Guangfu)	韌皮
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	扭計, 曳, 百厭
Gan	Nanchang	調皮, 頑皮
Hakka	Meixian	蠻皮, 蠻, 番綻, 綻頭, 綻皮, 綻, 懆, 跳皮
	Xingning	蠻, 懆
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	頑皮
	Huidong (Daling)	調皮, 綻頭, 懆
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	頑皮
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	跳皮
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	跳皮
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	綻, 懆
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	賤
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	頑皮
	Changting	綻, 懆
	Wuping	綻, 懆
	Wuping (Pingyu)	綻
	Liancheng	綻, 懆
	Ninghua	浪綻, 懆
	Ruijin	綻, 孽
	Shangyou (Shexi)	綻, 頑皮
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	番綻, 蠻皮, 綻頭, 孱頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	殘, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 蓋牛
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	番綻, 蠻綻, 綻, 綻頭, 孱頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	番綻, 綻頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	番綻, 綻頭, 綻剁頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	狡怪, 番, 賤頭, 牛, 牛頭, 牛獗, 賤, 真牛
	Hong Kong	頑皮
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	跳皮
	Senai (Huiyang)	跳皮
Jin	Taiyuan	頑皮
	Zhangjiakou	調皮
	Handan	費
Northern Min	Jian'ou	刁皮, 韌皮
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	刁皮, 楞蟶
	Fuqing	調皮
Southern Min	Xiamen	孽, 孽潲, 孽唆, 跳鬼, 刁皮, 跳限, 跳塌, 賤, 歹死, 揲, 揲篤, 皮
	Quanzhou	孽, 孽潲, 孽唆, 跳鬼, 賤, 歹死, 皮
	Zhangzhou	孽, 孽潲, 賤, 歹, 歹死, 皮
	Kaohsiung	賤
	Yilan	賤
	Changhua (Lukang)	狡怪
	Taichung	孽潲
	Taichung (Wuqi)	孽潲
	Tainan	作孽, 孽, 孽潲
	Taitung	孽潲
	Hsinchu	孽
	Penghu (Magong)	狡怪
	Penang (Hokkien)	孽, 怪孽, 歹死
	Singapore (Hokkien)	孽, 孽死, 孽潲, 賤, 歹死
	Manila (Hokkien)	歹死, 孽, 孽潲
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	調皮, 惡蠻, 蠻
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	頑皮
	Chaozhou	燦頭
	Shantou	野, 野死, 好耍, 頑皮
	Bangkok (Teochew)	跳皮
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	孬
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	跳皮
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	頑皮, 跳皮
Wu	Shanghai	頑皮, 皮, 賴皮, 搨皮, 淘氣
	Shanghai (Chongming)	厭, 調皮, 頑皮
	Suzhou	皮, 調皮, 厭
	Wuxi	厭, 皮
	Danyang	調皮, 皮
	Hangzhou	厭, 調皮
	Ningbo	皮
	Wenzhou	調皮, 皮, 皮蚩, 蠻, 惡
	Jinhua	調皮, 皮, 皮面
Xiang	Changsha	跳皮, 跳夾
	Shuangfeng	跳皮, 頑皮
	Quanzhou	頑皮

Compounds

• 保殘守缺 / 保残守缺
• 傷殘 / 伤残 (shāngcán)
• 傷殘人 / 伤残人
• 僧殘 / 僧残
• 凋殘 / 凋残 (diāocán)
• 凶殘 (xiōngcán)
• 剝落斑殘 / 剥落斑残
• 剩水殘山 / 剩水残山 (shèng shuǐ cán shān)
• 剩魄殘魂 / 剩魄残魂
• 勝殘去殺 / 胜残去杀 (shèngcánqùshā)
• 去殺勝殘 / 去杀胜残
• 叢殘 / 丛残
• 叢殘小語 / 丛残小语
• 同類相殘 / 同类相残
• 天殘 / 天残
• 彫殘 / 雕残
• 抱殘守缺 / 抱残守缺 (bàocánshǒuquē)
• 捐殘去殺 / 捐残去杀
• 摧殘 / 摧残 (cuīcán)
• 故自傷殘 / 故自伤残
• 敗將殘兵 / 败将残兵
• 敗柳殘花 / 败柳残花
• 敗殘 / 败残 (bàicán)
• 斷垣殘壁 / 断垣残壁 (duànyuáncánbì)
• 斷壁殘垣 / 断壁残垣 (duànbìcányuán)
• 斷幅殘紙 / 断幅残纸
• 斷簡殘篇 / 断简残篇
• 斷簡殘編 / 断简残编
• 斷編殘簡 / 断编残简 (duànbiāncánjiǎn)
• 斷雨殘雲 / 断雨残云
• 暮景殘光 / 暮景残光
• 曉風殘月 / 晓风残月
• 月缺花殘 / 月缺花残
• 殘兵敗將 / 残兵败将 (cánbīngbàijiàng)
• 殘冬 / 残冬 (cándōng)
• 殘冬臘月 / 残冬腊月
• 殘匪 / 残匪 (cánfěi)
• 殘卷 / 残卷 (cánjuàn)
• 殘品 / 残品 (cánpǐn)
• 殘喘 / 残喘 (cánchuǎn)
• 殘垣敗壁 / 残垣败壁
• 殘夏 / 残夏
• 殘存 / 残存 (cáncún)
• 殘害 / 残害 (cánhài)
• 殘局 / 残局 (cánjú)
• 殘山剩水 / 残山剩水
• 殘席 / 残席
• 殘年 / 残年 (cánnián)
• 殘廁 / 残厕
• 殘廢 / 残废 (cánfèi)
• 殘忍 / 残忍 (cánrěn)
• 殘敗 / 残败 (cánbài)
• 殘春 / 残春
• 殘暑 / 残暑 (cánshǔ)
• 殘暴 / 残暴 (cánbào)
• 殘暴不仁 / 残暴不仁 (cánbàobùrén)
• 殘月 / 残月 (cányuè)
• 殘本 / 残本 (cánběn)
• 殘杯冷炙 / 残杯冷炙 (cánbēilěngzhì)
• 殘棋 / 残棋 (cánqí)
• 殘槃冷炙 / 残槃冷炙
• 殘步 / 残步
• 殘殺 / 残杀 (cánshā)
• 殘毒 / 残毒 (cándú)
• 殘民以逞 / 残民以逞 (cánmínyǐchěng)
• 殘民害物 / 残民害物
• 殘渣 / 残渣 (cánzhā)
• 殘湯剩飯 / 残汤剩饭
• 殘渣餘孽 / 残渣余孽 (cánzhāyúniè)
• 殘照 / 残照 (cánzhào)
• 殘燈末廟 / 残灯末庙
• 殘生 / 残生 (cánshēng)
• 殘留 / 残留 (cánliú)
• 殘疾 / 残疾 (cánjí)
• 殘破 / 残破 (cánpò)
• 殘秋 / 残秋
• 殘篇斷簡 / 残篇断简 (cánpiānduànjiǎn)
• 殘紅 / 残红 (cánhóng)
• 殘編 / 残编
• 殘編斷簡 / 残编断简 (cánbiānduànjiǎn)
• 殘缺 / 残缺 (cánquē)
• 殘缺不全 / 残缺不全 (cánquēbùquán)
• 殘羹 / 残羹
• 殘羹冷炙 / 残羹冷炙
• 殘羹冷飯 / 残羹冷饭
• 殘羹剩飯 / 残羹剩饭 (cángēngshèngfàn)
• 殘而不廢 / 残而不废 (cán'érbùfèi)
• 殘膏賸馥 / 残膏剩馥
• 殘花敗柳 / 残花败柳 (cánhuābàiliǔ)
• 殘茶剩飯 / 残茶剩饭 (cáncháshèngfàn)
• 殘虐 / 残虐 (cánnüè)
• 殘貨 / 残货 (cánhuò)
• 殘賊 / 残贼 (cánzéi)
• 殘賢害善 / 残贤害善
• 殘軍敗將 / 残军败将
• 殘酒 / 残酒 (cánjiǔ)
• 殘酷 / 残酷 (cánkù)
• 殘陽 / 残阳 (cányáng)
• 殘障 / 残障 (cánzhàng)
• 殘章斷簡 / 残章断简
• 殘頭落腳 / 残头落脚
• 殘餘 / 残余 (cányú)
• 殘骸 / 残骸 (cánhái)
• 殘體 / 残体 (cántǐ)
• 潑殘生 / 泼残生
• 玉碎香殘 / 玉碎香残
• 珠殘玉碎 / 珠残玉碎
• 粉淡香殘 / 粉淡香残
• 老弱殘兵 / 老弱残兵
• 老殘 / 老残
• 老殘遊記 / 老残游记
• 肢體殘障 / 肢体残障
• 腦殘 / 脑残 (nǎocán)
• 臘盡冬殘 / 腊尽冬残
• 自相殘害 / 自相残害 (zìxiāngcánhài)
• 自相殘殺 / 自相残杀 (zìxiāngcánshā)
• 花殘月缺 / 花残月缺
• 苟延殘喘 / 苟延残喘 (gǒuyáncánchuǎn)
• 苟延殘息 / 苟延残息
• 苟留殘喘 / 苟留残喘
• 補殘守缺 / 补残守缺
• 貪殘 / 贪残
• 貪殘酷烈 / 贪残酷烈
• 重殘 / 重残
• 除殘去穢 / 除残去秽
• 風中殘燭 / 风中残烛
• 風捲殘雲 / 风卷残云
• 風燭殘年 / 风烛残年 (fēngzhúcánnián)
• 骨肉相殘 / 骨肉相残

References

• “殘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “残”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 22.

Japanese

Shinjitai	残
Kyūjitai	殘

Kanji

殘

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 残)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ざん (zan)
• Kan-on: さん (san)
• Kun: のこる (nokoru, 殘る)、のこす (nokosu, 殘す)、そこなう (sokonau, 殘う)^{←そこなふ (sokonafu, 殘ふ, historical)}、ひどい (hidoi)、むごい (mugoi)

Korean

Hanja

殘 • (jan) (hangeul 잔, revised jan, McCune–Reischauer chan, Yale can)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

殘: Hán Nôm readings: tàn

• 殘疾 tàn tật
• 殘杯 tàn bôi

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999