怖

怖 U+6016, 怖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6016 ← 怕 [U+6015] CJK Unified Ideographs 怗 → [U+6017]

Translingual

Han character

怖 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心大中月 (PKLB), four-corner 9402₇, composition ⿰忄布)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 380, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10450
• Dae Jaweon: page 708, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2284, character 6
• Unihan data for U+6016

Chinese

simp. and trad.		怖

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (父) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
抪	*paː, *paːs
布	*paːs
佈	*paːs
怖	*pʰaːs
斧	*paʔ
父	*paʔ, *baʔ
蚥	*paʔ, *baʔ
滏	*baʔ
釜	*baʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bù (bu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pu
• Northern Min (KCR): bu̿
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pò͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bù
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bù
    • Wade–Giles: pu⁴
    • Yale: bù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buh
    • Palladius: бу (bu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bou³
    • Yale: bou
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou³
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pu
    • Hakka Romanization System: bu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pu⁵⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bu̿
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pò͘
    • Tâi-lô: pòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pox
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pɔ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɔ²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: phuH, phjot

Rime
Character	怖	怖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	月 (68)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	普故切	拂伐切
Baxter	phuH	phjot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuoH/	/pʰʉɐt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰuoH/	/pʰʷiɐt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰoH/	/pʰiuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰɔH/	/pʰuat̚/
Li Rong	/pʰoH/	/pʰiuɐt̚/
Wang Li	/pʰuH/	/pʰĭwɐt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰuoH/	/pʰi̯wɐt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pù	fa
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pou3	faat3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	怖
Reading #	1/1
No.	3498
Phonetic component	父
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	怖
Old Chinese	/*pʰaːs/

Definitions

怖

1. to fear; to be afraid

   • 吾聞言於接輿，大而無當，往而不反。吾驚怖其言，猶河漢而無極也，大有逕庭，不近人情焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     吾闻言于接舆，大而无当，往而不反。吾惊怖其言，犹河汉而无极也，大有迳庭，不近人情焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Wú wén yán yú Jiē Yú, dà ér wúdāng, wǎng ér bùfǎn. Wú jīngbù qí yán, yóu héhàn ér wújí yě, dà yǒu jìngtíng, bùjìn rénqíng yān. [Pinyin]

     I heard Jie Yu talking words which were great, but had nothing corresponding to them (in reality); once gone, they could not be brought back. I was frightened and scared by his words; they were like the Milky Way which cannot be traced to its beginning or end. They had no connexion with one another, and were not akin to the experiences of men.

2. to scare; to frighten; to terrify

   • 逢蒙之弟子曰鴻超，怒其妻而怖之。引烏號之弓，綦衛之箭，射其目，矢來注眸子，而眶不睫，矢隧地而塵不揚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     逢蒙之弟子曰鸿超，怒其妻而怖之。引乌号之弓，綦卫之箭，射其目，矢来注眸子，而眶不睫，矢隧地而尘不扬。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Liezi, 1^st – 5^th century CE

     Féng Méng zhī dìzǐ yuē Hóng Chāo, nù qí qī ér bù zhī. Yǐn Wūhào zhī gōng, Qíwèi zhī jiàn, shè qí mù, shǐ lái zhù móuzǐ, ér kuàng bùjié, shǐ suì dì ér chén bùyáng. [Pinyin]

     Once Hong Chao, a disciple of the expert archer Feng Meng, got mad at his wife, and in order to scare her he took the powerful Crow's Caw bow and the well-crafted arrow from Qi and shot at her eye. The arrow came right at the pupil of her eye, but she didn’t even blink. The arrow fell to the ground without raising dust.

Compounds

• 可怖 (kěbù)
• 怕怖
• 怖懼／怖惧 (bùjù)
• 恐怖 (kǒngbù)
• 恐怖主義／恐怖主义 (kǒngbùzhǔyì)
• 恐怖分子 (kǒngbùfènzǐ)
• 恐怖小說／恐怖小说
• 恐怖片
• 恐怖片兒／恐怖片儿
• 恐怖症 (kǒngbùzhèng)
• 恐怖襲擊／恐怖袭击 (kǒngbù xíjī)
• 恐怖電影／恐怖电影 (kǒngbù diànyǐng)
• 惶怖 (huángbù)
• 獰惡可怖／狞恶可怖
• 白色恐怖 (báisè kǒngbù)
• 紅色恐怖／红色恐怖 (hóngsè kǒngbù)
• 震怖 (zhènbù)
• 驚怖／惊怖 (jīngbù)

 

Japanese

Kanji

怖

(Jōyō kanji)

1. dreadful; frightening

Readings

• Go-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ほ (ho)
• Kun: こわい (kowai, 怖い, Jōyō)、おそれる (osoreru, 怖れる)、おじる (ojiru, 怖じる)

Korean

Hanja

怖 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o, Yale pho)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

怖: Hán Nôm readings: bố

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.