-os
See also: Appendix:Variations of "os"
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the traditional Ashkenazi pronunciation of Hebrew ־וֹת (“-ót”), and its descendant, Yiddish ־ות (-es).
Suffix
[edit]-os
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Aromanian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os m (feminine singular -oasã, masculine plural -osh, feminine plural -oasi or -oase) or (feminine -ose , feminine plural -osi)
- -ous; used to form adjectives
Derived terms
[edit]Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The Esperanto suffixes -as, -is, -os, -us are related, and appear to have been inspired by previous language projects:
- This play of vowels is not an original idea of Zamenhof's: -as, -is, -os are found for the three tenses of the infinitive in Faiguet's system of 1765; -a, -i, -o without a consonant are used like Z's -as, -is, -os by Rudelle (1858); Courtonne in 1885 had -am, -im, -om in the same values, and the similarity with Esperanto is here even more perfect than in the other projects, as -um corresponds to Z's -us. —An International Language (1928)
Suffix
[edit]-os
- will; ending of future tense in verbs.
- Mi iros al la vendejo. ― I will go to the store.
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *-os. Equivalent to -o + -s, or re-extracted from verbs with stems ending in o.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os (front vowel harmony variant -ös, linguistic notation -Os)
- Forms nouns denoting the result of the action of a verb.
Usage notes
[edit]Roots with the neutral front vowels -e-, -i- take the back-vocalic allomorph -os (e.g. pettää (“to deceive, to betray”) → petos (“betrayal, fraud”), piirtää (“to draw”) → piirros (“drawing”)). The form -ös is only used when the first syllable of the root contains what is considered a front vowel under harmony, i.e. -ä-, -ö- or -y- (e.g. kääntää (“to turn; to translate”) → käännös (“turn; translation”), kytkeä (“to connect”) → kytkös (“connection”), näyttää (“to show”) → näytös (“act”)).
Declension
[edit]| Inflection of -os (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -os | -okset | |
| genitive | -oksen | -osten -oksien | |
| partitive | -osta | -oksia | |
| illative | -okseen | -oksiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -os | -okset | |
| accusative | nom. | -os | -okset |
| gen. | -oksen | ||
| genitive | -oksen | -osten -oksien | |
| partitive | -osta | -oksia | |
| inessive | -oksessa | -oksissa | |
| elative | -oksesta | -oksista | |
| illative | -okseen | -oksiin | |
| adessive | -oksella | -oksilla | |
| ablative | -okselta | -oksilta | |
| allative | -okselle | -oksille | |
| essive | -oksena | -oksina | |
| translative | -okseksi | -oksiksi | |
| abessive | -oksetta | -oksitta | |
| instructive | — | -oksin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of -os (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Variant of -o
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os
- (slang) Slang ending of nouns, adjectives and adverbs (without changing the meaning)
Derived terms
[edit]Nouns :
Adjectives :
Adverbs :
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os
- (adjective-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning "having something"; sometimes referred to as ornative.
- (noun-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a noun, for example an occupation or a collective noun.
- (number-forming suffix) Added to an ordinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template.
- (frequentative suffix) Added to a verb to form a new verb expressing repetitive action. No longer productive in this sense.
Usage notes
[edit]- (all senses) Variants:
- -s is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -os is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -as is added to other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -es is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -ös is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Pannonian Rusyn: -ош (-oš)
See also
[edit]Ido
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Esperanto -os, back-formation from -as.
Suffix
[edit]-os
- desinence of the future tense in verbs
See also
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *-os. Cognates include Finnish -os.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os (front vowel variant -ös)
- Forms nouns denoting the result of the action of a verb.
Declension
[edit]| Declension of -os (type 2/petos, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -os | -okset |
| genitive | -oksen | -oksiin |
| partitive | -osta, -ost | -oksia |
| illative | -oksee | -oksii |
| inessive | -oksees | -oksiis |
| elative | -oksest | -oksist |
| allative | -okselle | -oksille |
| adessive | -okseel | -oksiil |
| ablative | -okselt | -oksilt |
| translative | -okseks | -oksiks |
| essive | -oksenna, -okseen | -oksinna, -oksiin |
| exessive1) | -oksent | -oksint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os
References
[edit]- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 56
Latin
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /oːs/, [oːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /os/, [ɔs]
Suffix
[edit]-ōs
Middle English
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os
- Alternative form of -ous
Old French
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os
- Alternative form of -us
Portuguese
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os m
- plural of -o
- 2007, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 308:
- Você notou os cabelos dela, são negros e brilhantes e macios...
- You noticed her hair, it's dark and brilliant and soft...
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Latin -ōsus (“full (of)”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os m or n (feminine singular -oasă, masculine plural -oși, feminine and neuter plural -oase)
- Forms adjectives; -ous
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
| nominative- accusative |
indefinite | -os | -oasă | -oși | -oase | |||
| definite | -osul | -oasa | -oșii | -oasele | ||||
| genitive- dative |
indefinite | -os | -oase | -oși | -oase | |||
| definite | -osului | -oasei | -oșilor | -oaselor | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Welsh
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-os
- diminutive suffix, usually indicating an element of endearment
- area characterised by a particular plant
Usage notes
[edit]-os can only be added to plural or collective nouns.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-os”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Categories:
- English terms derived from Hebrew
- English terms derived from Yiddish
- English lemmas
- English suffixes
- Aromanian terms inherited from Latin
- Aromanian terms derived from Latin
- Aromanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Aromanian lemmas
- Aromanian suffixes
- Aromanian masculine suffixes
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto suffixes
- Esperanto terms with usage examples
- Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro
- Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto
- Esperanto BRO1
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms suffixed with -s (nominal)
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish noun-forming suffixes
- Finnish vastaus-type nominals
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French suffixes
- French slang
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/oʃ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/oʃ/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian suffixes
- Ido terms borrowed from Esperanto
- Ido terms derived from Esperanto
- Ido back-formations
- Ido lemmas
- Ido suffixes
- Ido inflectional suffixes
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian suffixes
- Ingrian non-lemma forms
- Ingrian suffix forms
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English suffixes
- Old French lemmas
- Old French suffixes
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese suffix forms
- Portuguese terms with quotations
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian suffixes
- Romanian adjective-forming suffixes
- Romanian masculine suffixes
- Romanian neuter suffixes
- Romanian suffixes with multiple genders
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh suffixes