elalszik
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]elalszik
- (intransitive) to fall asleep, drift off, go to sleep
- Synonyms: álomba merül, (literary) elszenderül, (literary) álomba szenderül, elszundít, elbóbiskol
- (intransitive) to oversleep (miss something by sleeping)
- (intransitive, of fire or a candle) to burn out, to be extinguished
- (intransitive) to die away, die down (of a matter or case: get out of people's focus)
- (transitive) to have some body part gone to sleep (go stiff due to the wrong lying position)
Conjugation
[edit]In all the intransitive senses:
conjugation of elalszik
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elalszom or elalszok or elaluszom |
elalszol or elaluszol |
elalszik or elaluszik |
elalszunk or elaluszunk |
elalszotok or elalusztok or elaludtok |
elalszanak or elalusznak or elaludnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | elaludtam | elaludtál | elaludt | elaludtunk | elaludtatok | elaludtak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. el fog aludni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elaluvék or elalvék or elaluvám or elalvám |
elaluvál or elalvál | elaluva (or elalva) or elaluvék or elalvék |
elaluvánk or elalvánk | elaluvátok or elalvátok | elaluvának or elalvának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. elalszik vala, elaludt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elalvandok (or elalvandom) |
elalvandasz | elalvand (or elalvandik*) |
elalvandunk | elalvandotok | elalvandanak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elaludnék (or elaludnám) |
elaludnál | elaludna (or elaludnék*) |
elaludnánk | elaludnátok | elaludnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elaludt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elaludjak or elaludjam |
elaludj or elaludjál |
elaludjon or elaludjék |
elaludjunk | elaludjatok | elaludjanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elaludt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | elaludni | elaludnom | elaludnod | elaludnia | elaludnunk | elaludnotok | elaludniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
elalvás | elalvó | elaludt | ― | elalva (or elaludva) (elalván or elaludván) | elaltat | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem alszik el or el is alszik. |
In the transitive sense (when referring to a body part going stiff while asleep):
conjugation of elalszik
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elalszom or elalszok or elaluszom |
elalszol or elaluszol |
elalszik or elaluszik |
elalszunk or elaluszunk |
elalszotok or elalusztok or elaludtok |
elalszanak or elalusznak or elaludnak | |
Def. | elalszom or elaluszom |
elalszod or elaluszod |
elalussza or elaludja |
elalusszuk or elaludjuk |
elalusszátok or elaludjátok |
elalusszák or elaludják | |||
2nd-p. o. | elaluszlak or elaludlak |
― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | elaludtam | elaludtál | elaludt | elaludtunk | elaludtatok | elaludtak | ||
Def. | elaludtam | elaludtad | elaludta | elaludtuk | elaludtátok | elaludták | |||
2nd-p. o. | elaludtalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. el fog aludni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elaluvék or elalvék or elaluvám or elalvám |
elaluvál or elalvál | elaluva (or elalva) or elaluvék or elalvék |
elaluvánk or elalvánk | elaluvátok or elalvátok | elaluvának or elalvának | ||
Def. | elaluvám or elalvám | elaluvád or elalvád | elaluvá or elalvá | elaluvánk or elalvánk | elaluvátok or elalvátok | elaluvák or elalvák | |||
2nd-p. o. | elaluválak or elalválak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. elalszik vala, elaludt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elalvandok (or elalvandom) |
elalvandasz | elalvand (or elalvandik*) |
elalvandunk | elalvandotok | elalvandanak | ||
Def. | elalvandom | elalvandod | elalvandja | elalvandjuk | elalvandjátok | elalvandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | elalvandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elaludnék (or elaludnám) |
elaludnál | elaludna (or elaludnék*) |
elaludnánk | elaludnátok | elaludnának | |
Def. | elaludnám | elaludnád | elaludná | elaludnánk | elaludnátok | elaludnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | elaludnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elaludt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elaludjak or elaludjam |
elaludj or elaludjál |
elaludjon or elaludjék |
elaludjunk | elaludjatok | elaludjanak | |
Def. | elaludjam | elaludd or elaludjad |
elaludja | elaludjuk | elaludjátok | elaludják | |||
2nd-p. o. | elaludjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elaludt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | elaludni | elaludnom | elaludnod | elaludnia | elaludnunk | elaludnotok | elaludniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
elalvás | elalvó | elaludt | elalvandó | elalva (or elaludva) (elalván or elaludván) | elaltat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem alszik el or el is alszik. |
potential conjugation of elalszik
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- elalszik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- elalszik in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).