Este livro é destinado a estudantes, pesquisadores, profissionais e demais interessados em comércio eletrônico (e-commerce), e faz um resgate histórico do surgimento das compras on-line, sua evolução no decorrer dos anos, além de explanar sobre as vantagens e as desvantagens de se utilizar as ferramentas e os recursos do ambiente virtual. Um dos principais objetivos do autor é apresentar como se relacionam alguns aspectos que, via de regra, estão presentes em tal ambiente, como a privacidade, a segurança, a qualidade das informações, a confiança, a propaganda boca a boca eletrônica e a intenção de recompra. Trata-se de uma leitura envolvente, ilustrada com diversas evidências empíricas nacionais e internacionais, complementada por uma ampla pesquisa realizada entre consumidores brasileiros que costumam realizar compras no formato on-line.

Customer value management should be understood as a managerial approach, in which customers are perceived as the company’s asset, the value of which may be measured and increased through organisation of the processes around customer relationships. The book seeks to answer the question how customer value to company (customer lifetime value) should be managed on the Internet, and more specifically, how to incorporate the Internet in the process of delivery of proposed value to customer in order to increase their lifetime value and thus increase the value of the company and generate value to the company’s shareholders and other stakeholders.

The main goal of this paper is to present the possibilities of Internet-based customer value management and a model describing this process. Problems of current state of knowledge of online customer needs and behaviours, associated with the first pillar, are not the main focus of the paper, for the author’s intention is to concentrate on the presentation of the concept in form of a model, and not to describe current tendencies, acquired data or prognoses. This approach stems from the stand taken by Shapiro and Varian in the monograph Information Rules: A Strategic Guide to the Network Economy, where the authors stress that they ‘seek models, not trends; concepts, not vocabulary; and analyses, not analogies’ (Shapiro & Varian 1998).

Compared to numerous publications on the use of the Internet in marketing, this book attempts rather at describing a managing approach to customer relationships than at presenting a particular tool of e-marketing. Moreover, the deliberations are not limited by branches or sectors – differences in the approach towards customer value management are perceived through the prism of different types of value exchange between the company and customers. The author believes that particular types of value exchange have a greater influence on the differentiation of actions associated with online customer value management than the type of market (B2C/B2B) on which the company operates.

Mobile Commerce, Mobile Computing, Mobile Devices and Mobile Internet Access are growing much faster than before. Several characteristics of mobile networks make them more attractive than fixed networks. Mobile Commerce has been of a great benefit to users, which is driven by the technological innovations. Technology innovations have also reduced many barriers to acceptance. Increasing globalization has led to more mobility and therefore to greater demand for mobile ubiquitous services that can be consumed anytime and anywhere. This paper examines the future of mobile commerce with 4G Wireless Technology. To exploit the new technology, companies from developed as well as developing countries are rapidly integrating mobile commerce technology into their business models. Countries around the world, however, exhibit considerable heterogeneity in their adoption of mobile device and mobile commerce technology. This paper also identifies and categorizes some of these issues so that researchers, developers, and managers have a starting point for focusing their activities within the emerging mobile commerce areas.

The world's financial markets faced a new cyberspace phenomenon. Cryptocurrencies are non-tracking by any bank or financial institution or even the state. In a digital transactions system, transactions are registered and encrypted in a general ledger book, the blockchains. Cryptocurrencies have features that make them more useful, especially in international exchange, so it is necessary to determine the advantages and challenges of using them. The study of digital currencies in Iran's economy and electronic business is presented. In recent years, the use of cryptocurrencies in Iran has grown. The necessity of public policymaking in facing this emerging phenomenon of economic importance has become more critical due to the transfer, such as decentralized systems, which led to the elimination of intermediate and observer entities. Cryptocurrencies also allow Iranian businesses and governments to direct access the international markets by bypassing sanctions. In this paper, the author first considers the mechanism of cryptocurrencies in the economy and then identifies the Iranian economy's challenges and opportunities. In conclusion, cryptocurrencies can allow Iranian entrepreneurs to enter the international arena and international competition. Therefore, it is vital that the government or public organizations raising awareness about cryptocurrencies will also contribute to the prosperity of businesses and prevent criminals from exploiting the conditions.

It is inevitable to accept that today's business trends focus on selling products online using the latest web application system and website marketing tools. This phenomenon creates a high competition on search engine ranking among website owners in gaining business leads, visitor traffics and acquisitions. This paper proposed a model on improving e-business traffics acquisitions in terms of the number of new visitors (traffics) and returning visitors using Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and Sitemap Submission. This method has been tested on two different online business websites. The detailed results are discussed in the results and discussion section. It is recommended that the SEO strategy implementation is needed for e-business website.

Biyan and Yılmaz discuss the issues of how arti€cial intelligence can be taxed in accordance with the discussions going on about the same. e main point derived implies that it does not seem plausible that arti€cial intelligence could become a taxpayer as per the applicable legal system in force.
We hope that the current volume would be very useful for both academics and policymakers not only in Turkey but also in many developing and developed countries alike.

View the publication online: https://developing-an-organic-web-channel.ghost.io/2017/06/18/how-to-do-keyword-research-and-develop-great-keyword-strategies/

Keyword research is the missing piece for many web content creators. While I agree that writing is an art form that requires an open and free mind, you can still create entertaining and engaging content that better captures your audience by starting with keyword analysis BEFORE you begin to compose your content.

Keywords and keyword phrases can serve as an outline of the page you are about to create. Creating content without keyword research is akin to getting in the car and driving down the road without a destination in mind. It is a waste of energy and will do little to get you where you need to be. Keywords and keyword phrases should be a road map to better SEO and driving more traffic to your website.

Extant article utilizes the UTAUT Model with Islamic religiosity as a moderator to understand the adoption of SADAD payment system by Saudi banking customers. Islamic religiosity effects the behavior and choices of people. Path analysis performed on 248 respondents' data collected through questionnaires tests the conceptual hypotheses. All hypotheses except H3 was unsupported, which reveals that social influence (SI) had an insignificant relation with behavioral intention (BI). Multi-group analysis was performed on AMOS by dividing respondents into two groups with high and low Islamic religiosity values. Overall, results reveal that religiosity moderates the positive effect of BI on usage behavior (UB). The author found no effect for those with low scores on religiosity values. However, consumers with high score religiosity values have a stronger positive effect between BI and UB. Moreover, the UTAUT + IR explained 80% variance in UB. High religiosity customers find SADAD a better option.

The research reported in this thesis was on " Customer perception towards online shopping with reference to Road Development Authority in Colombo ". The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors influencing customer perception towards online shopping of consumers in Sri Lankan market. The variable included in the proposed framework were benefit of internet transaction, risk of internet transaction , trust and security issues and lastly website design. The primary data was gathered by floating seventy questionnaires to online shoppers using convenience sampling. The secondary data was collected by consultation of published research papers and various internet resources. SPSS software was applied to analyze the factors influencing customer perception towards online shopping and Microsoft excel used to demographic analysis. The findings indicate benefit of internet transaction and website design factors were the most significant variables. Benefit of internet transaction and website design indicate high value, which means customers are highly satisfied with these factors towards online shopping. However risk of internet transaction and trust and security issues indicate low value than benefit of internet transaction and website design, which indicates customers are not satisfied with these factors towards online shopping. Risk of internet transaction , trust and security issues indicate lowest mean values, hence it was concluded that risk of internet transaction , trust towards online customers and security issues are the most important in determining customer perception towards online shopping in Sri Lanka. Since fake e-stores, cybercrimes and scam websites are rising in Sri Lanka , people hesitate to shop online. Therefore e-tailors need to improve the trust deficit in order to enhance perception of current and potential customers. The study suggests that in order to enhance the customer's perception , Sri Lanka's online stores should build strategies to better address reliability and trust worthiness issues.

Era globalisasi ditandai dengan berbagai kecanggihan teknologi yang berfungsi untuk mempermudah pekerjaan manusia, salah satunya adalah teknologi komputer yang berkembang sangat maju dan pesat dimana komunikasi dan informasi mudah di dapatkan dengan hadirnya interne. Kemajuan dan keunggulan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi ini melahirkan model transaksi bisnis yaitu e-commerce transaction. E-commerce merupakan model bisnis modern yang non face (tidak menghadirkan pelaku bisnis secara fisik) dan non-sign (tidak memakai tanda tangan asli)

The internet has been flourishing since its invention. The retailers as well as the whole sellers are now shifting their premise from brick to mortar. This paper showcases how the e-commerce websites are flourishing and how they are conducting the day-today transactions as well as reaching out to vast customer database with the help of the ERP systems. The main concern that has been faced by these sites is how well they can protect the data provided by the customers, ensuring that the information provided by them stays confidential as well as doesn't get transferred and taken advantage of. The paper deals with how to have data privacy in E-Commerce sites as well as how to face and prevent them from happening.

This paper focuses on a literature review of e-commerce, its evolution and future prospects, the comparative study of e-commerce types, the e-commerce security and its threats for users, e-commerce strategy and regulation ways of e-commerce in the business area.
The principles of this study are to investigate the research questions and find appropriate solutions and state the conclusions.
The study is based on the analysis of a large number of publications linked to e-commerce.
Keywords: Internet, literature review, e-commerce, e-commerce types, e-commerce security, e-commerce strategy, e-commerce regulation.

Thegrowthofinformationtechnologyinthebusinessworldisspreadingataphenomenalrate.The successofabusinessorganizationstandsattheusageofITintheirbusiness.Growthofe-commerce isthenewbornbusinessmethod,whichhasoriginatedthroughanextensiveusageofITintheir business.Thisstudywillfocusonthelevelofadoptionofe-commerceinapopulationof30SMEs undertheBOI,therelationshipbetweenfirm-basedcharacteristicsandtheadoptionofe-commerce and alsomoreimportantlyfindoutthecriticalsuccessfactors anddiscover potential benefits of adoptionofe-commerceinSMEs.Theresultsontheadoptionofe-commerceshowedasignificant relationshipwiththetwofirm-basedcharacteristics.Thatismanagementinvolvementandadoption ofIT.Thestudyalsoidentifiede-marketingandsupplierserviceasthecriticalsuccessfactorsin adoptionofe-commerce.

International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology (IJCSIT) is devoted to fields of Computer Science and Information Systems. The IJCSIT is a open access peer-reviewed scientific journal published in electronic form as well as print form. The mission of this journal is to publish original contributions in its field in order to propagate knowledge amongst its readers and to be a reference publication.

Based on the empirical research, this chapter investigated the impact of big data-based techniques typically used in big-data driven E-commerce such as information search, recommendation system, dynamic pricing, and personalisation on the online repurchase intention in Malaysia. This study also investigated the mediating effect on customer satisfaction. Therefore this study utilised the quantitative research method with an explanatory study to predict the link between dependent and independent variables. Additionally, the snowball sample method was used to select a sample size of 318 working adults in Klang Valley. Next, a self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data. The IB, SPSS 22 software was then used to assess the reliability and normality of the variables at the first stage. Next, the Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling were examined via IBM SSS AMOS 22. The findings showed that the big data analytic factors like information search, recommendation system, dynamic pricing, and personalisation had a positive significant impact on cus-tomers' repurchase intention. Nonetheless, the mediation effect of customer satisfaction on information search, recommendation system, and dynamic pricing did not encourage the repurchase intention. Then, this chapter discussed the managerial implication, limitations, and future research scope. Finally, this study suggested strategies to enhance online repurchase intention via application of big-data analytics in E-commerce.

This paper develops and empirically validates customer shopping motives taking account of customer channel selection in multichannel systems. As each channel is associated with certain advantages and disadvantages from a customer's perspective, we develop – based on behavioral considerations – a customer typology to classify different segments of customers. This enables us to empirically analyze the interrelationship between distinct shopping motives prior marketing research has suggested and cannibalization and synergetic effects in online–offline multichannel systems. Our results show that a higher degree of customers' convenience orientation in contrast to the degree of risk aversion and service orientation encourages the selection of the online channel over the offline channel. In addition, we develop and empirically analyze a typology of customers to classify distinct segments of consumers, highlighting the associated interrelationship of individual shopping motives and cannibalization and synergetic effects. Our results indicate that the desire for service, rather than risk aversion, could potentially cannibalize customers away from the online channel.

The purpose of the research is to find the factors which persuade the consumers' trust on e-commerce adoption in Sri Lanka. The creation of the Internet has reduced physical borders and made the world a smaller place where people can able to keep in touch with one another at any time from every nook and corner. This research arise the following research questions. How the security and privacy concerns in online transaction relate with e-commerce adoption? How do the trustworthiness and reliability of the web vendors relate to the consumer's adoption of e-commerce? and How the performance, physical, security, privacy and delivery risk affect consumers to adopt in e-commerce. Questionnaire was used as a research instrument and basically the questionnaire cover two parts; such as 1st part covers questions related to online purchase and adoption of electronic commerce. The 2nd part covers factors affecting e-commerce security, privacy, and trust as well as risk perceptions. The extensive literature survey helped to form the research variables and hypothesis. To measure the questions likert scale measurement was used. The likert scale measurement were ranging from 1-very unimportant to 5-very important. This research shows that, consumer's perceived privacy, security and trustworthiness of Web vendor in e-commerce transaction positively contributes to his/her trust in e-commerce adoption. On the other hand the influence of a consumer's perceived security in e-commerce transaction is mediated by consumer's perceived privacy and consumer's adoption in e-commerce transaction not negatively associated with e-commerce perceived risks.

Интернетот, на глобално ниво, доведе до многу промени што се гледаат во брзиот проток на информации, надминување на временските и јазични бариери, отстранување на локалните и регионалните граници, а притоа покрај традиционалните форми воведување и на нови форми на бизнис и комуникација. Е-трговија и дигиталните содржини придонесуваат за електронско олеснување во однос на комерцијалните трансакции, функционирањето на бизнисите и пристапот на потрошувачите чии потреби треба да се задоволат. Овој труд има за цел да придонесе за пополнување на истражувачкиот јаз со истакнување на спроведувањето на е-трговија во Северна Македонија како земја во развој, презентираме сеопфатен пристап кон е-трговијата, концентриран специјално на македонскиот случај. Анализата на застапеноста на електронската трговија во нашата земја претставува насока за напредок во оваа ера на електронска трансформација, ако владата, компаниите и јавноста можат подобро да ја разберат и спроведат е-трговијата.

Graphic design is a well-established, popular education pathway in Malaysia since 1980s; yet, research on graphic design teaching and learning had been scarce. To provide enlightenment in new teaching and learning methods, perhaps, an analysis of current instructional approaches to match P21’s Framework for 21st Century Learning could be helpful provide enlightenment towards new teaching and learning methods. Therefore, this study suggests that the key assessments on in teaching graphic design subjects should take into consideration learners’ creativity and innovation, critical thinking and problem solving skill, as well as ability to communicate and collaborate. It is important to integrate critical and creative thinking skills across the subject matters. Creative thinking skills are highly recommended to integrate into practical modules so that learners are encouraged to think differently or out of the box. However, most institutions gave short shift to critical and creative thinking skills, and hardly incorporating theme with theoretical and practical teaching of graphic design. As a result, many curricula did not prepare the learners to meet the demands of real-world practice. These demands presuppose that graduates in graphic design do possess the necessary faculty of creative thinking to originate ideas and connect learned knowledge with project-based applications. It is imperative to implement a better and more practical pedagogy that which infuses Creative and Critical Thinking into the program curricula to produce graduates who are in line with the industry and professional demands. This research aims to develop a new Integrated Creative Activity Instruction (ICAI), which infuses thinking skills to improve graphic design learning. The instruction framework is mainly derived from the Affordance Theory of Gibson (1986) and Marzano New Taxonomy (2000).

Based on the empirical research, this chapter investigated the impact of big data-based techniques typically used in big-data driven E-commerce such as information search, recommendation system, dynamic pricing, and personalisation on the online repurchase intention in Malaysia. This study also investigated the mediating effect on customer satisfaction. Therefore this study utilised the quantitative research method with an explanatory study to predict the link between dependent and independent variables. Additionally, the snowball sample method was used to select a sample size of 318 working adults in Klang Valley. Next, a self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data. The IB, SPSS 22 software was then used to assess the reliability and normality of the variables at the first stage. Next, the Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling were examined via IBM SSS AMOS 22. The findings showed that the big data analytic factors like information search, recommendation system, dynamic pricing, and personalisation had a positive significant impact on customers' repurchase intention. Nonetheless, the mediation effect of customer satisfaction on information search, recommendation system, and dynamic pricing did not encourage the repurchase intention. Then, this chapter discussed the managerial implication, limitations, and future research scope. Finally, this study suggested strategies to enhance online repurchase intention via application of big-data analytics in E-commerce.

This study aims to empirically cover the impact of the use of artificial intelligence through chatbots on online retail in terms of content implemented in the communication process. The presented research brings a contribution to the specialized literature by analyzing the perceived utility and demonstrating the facility, key concepts of the Technology Acceptance Model. In this sense, ten online stores in Romania were studied, selected according to the number of users, the research being carried out through a non-reactive method-content analysis. The method of data collection was that of the "mysterious client" in order not to generate a change in the behavior of the entities studied. The interpretation of the data obtained through the content grid allowed a horizontal and vertical approach that led to a series of results that confirmed the low level of performance of market leaders, as well as the high potential of this type of technology applied in the field. Regarding the impact of the use of chatbots, it has been shown that poor quality of the content displayed to users affects the consumer's journey, the point of satisfaction not being reached in these conditions.

Cloud integrated mobile application provides the functions for building and consuming the next generation of business applications. The effect of mobile cloud computing on the traditional E-business gives the necessary solutions on the development of E-commerce businesses in cloud space and provides huge accessibility by mobile applications. Mobile application provide great accessibility for business as now a days, every person is using hand held devices for various tasks but it faces some issues. By incorporating cloud computing in mobile commerce will give lots of advantage for business with lower cost and high benefits.

In today's scenario people are highly occupied with their routine work. People are not having much of the leisure time. Online shopping has somehow helped people to manage their time in an effective manner. A lot of people have started purchasing things from available E-floors, but the big question arises whether these online portals are fully satisfying customer's needs and requirement or not? Most of the time customers want to purchase things through online shopping portals but due to certain issues and complexity they get distract from original requirement. Ecommerce is stated for convenience of customers not for creating complexities and distraction while purchasing. Indian online market is growing very fast. Internet accessibility has gone up very fast. Economic level and purchasing power of people has also increased, but conversion is not that great. People want to see what they are purchasing. They want to have full information in less time about the product. That is why the purpose of this research is mainly focused towards identifying the reason behind poor conversion rate of online shopping along with to find out the solution for those problems which are faced by customers while accessing an e-floor.

Electronic business has been widely adopted in different parts of the world. In Nigeria, the initial adoption of electronic business in Nigerian banks was in 1990. The aim of this research was to identify if there was a significant impact of e-business services and products on the performance of banks in Nigeria.
Several research have been conducted on e-business and performance but in different contexts. This research is particularly of benefit to the bank understudied and the industry with which the bank operates. It is also essential to the academic field since e-business has not been researched based on its impact on banks’ performance in Nigeria. Performance of banks for the purpose of this research is based on employee efficiency and profitability.
A quantitative research design was adopted to answer the research question and achieve the research objectives. A branch of a bank was understudied and the respondents constituted all employees in the branch who are directly and indirectly involved in e-business products and services of the bank. A questionnaire was designed to achieve the purpose of the research and administered to respondents via Bristol online survey. The data collected were imported on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and analysed with ANOVA.
From the results, electronic business had a significant impact on employee efficiency and profitability of the bank understudied. Electronic banking influences banking management, provides better channels to market bank’s products and services and contributes to effective cost management system. Electronic banking from the results had the strongest impact on the internal users (employees).
With the positive results from the study, banks in Nigeria that are yet to adopt e-business products and services are encouraged to do so since its adoption has helped in increasing the profit margin of banks and the efficiency of employees. 
Although there was a significant impact on employee efficiency and profitability, the results were limited to one branch of a bank. The results may not be the same with a wider population. Further research may be conducted on the impact of electronic business on the performance of Nigerian banks by understudying more than one bank.

The main objective of this study was to assess if leadership style had anything to do with employees performance in the image providing cable network (SWECOM). From  support materials and results of the study, it was observed that there is a significant relationship or link between leadership style and employees performance of SWECOM cable Network Company. This study found out that SWECOM company network has the staff that is capable to perform their task but need a strong and able leader to lead the way. The researcher observed that the dominant and existing leadership style in this company has been the democratic from observed respondent rate (question 12 to 18) from the questionnaire  which  stressed out on how leadership style affected the employees  present work. It was also observed that little or minimal transactional leadership style was applied by the management. They motivated subordinates with rewards but failed to administer punishment on the other hand when task were not well performed.
The leadership style practiced in SWECOM seemed to match the description given by Daniel Goleman, (2002) in his 6 leadership model, to gain valuable information from employees especially when there is time (Democratic), but effective action is its weakness.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the key convenience dimensions of online shopping, as convenience has been one of the principal motivations underlying customer inclinations to adopt online shopping.
Design/methodology/approach – The authors first employ in-depth focus group interviews with online consumers to identify the attributes of online shopping convenience and then develop and validate an instrument of five key dimensions to measure online shopping convenience by analyzing data collected via a Web-based questionnaire survey.
Findings – The five dimensions of online shopping convenience are: access, search, evaluation, transaction, and possession/post-purchase convenience.
Practical implications – Online retailers can employ the five-factor measurement instrument to assess the degree of customer perceived online shopping convenience. This instrument can assist managers in identifying and overcoming key obstacles to the delivery of a highly convenient online shopping service to customers, and also helps them enlarge their loyal customer base. Originality/value – This study focuses on uncovering the key dimensions of convenience and their associated sub-dimensions specific to the context of online shopping. Theoretically, the identified dimensions and their related sub-items comprise a validated scale for measuring Web-based service convenience and can serve as building blocks for further studies in e-commerce customer relationship management.

The rapid development of technology has greatly affected the fate of human life including the financial sector. In the banking context the technological advancement has changed how banking products and services are delivered, the point of contact of the customers with the baking service providers, and the structure of market actors. E-banking i.e. the delivery of banking products and services through electronic channels offers ample opportunities to the customers, the banking organizations and the overall economy. Not only does they present opportunities to the parties involved e-banking system also pose a number of risks. Hence, in order to harness the benefits the e-banking systems offers the possible risks attached with it have to be clearly identified and managed. The financial regulators main duty in this regards is to balance the need for expansion innovation against the possible risks that may emanate from the innovations. The e-banking system in Ethiopia is at nascent stage but with enabling regulation and active participations of all the stakeholders there is a prospect for its growth. The Ethiopian government has undertaken different initiatives to effectively regulate the e-banking initiatives. This research work has analyzed the e-banking regulatory structure in Ethiopia governing all e-banking platforms commonly and recommends the need to reform the sector further. There is a need to further strengthen the regulatory framework in the areas of e-banking security, contractual enforcement, consumer protection, market competition, and supervision of the third party service providers by further reforming the legal set-up and institution arrangement. The Ethiopian government has to introduce further reforms to better build the capacity of the telecommunications sector, introduce tailored laws to better protect the rights of financial services consumer including e-banking services and set up proper institutional structure to regulate and supervise it. The financial regulator NBE shall take the leading role in facilitating the expansion and growth of e-banking system in the country. It shall provide the necessary guidance specially in ensuring the security of the e-banking system and work in tandem with the concerned organs, and enhance its regulatory capacity from time to time including the utilization of technology to effectively and efficiently undertake its regulatory function.
Key word: banking service, Ethiopia, E-banking, electronic, reform, regulation, technology

İletişim ve bilgi teknolojilerindeki gelişmelere ve en önemlisi küreselleşme dalgasına paralel olarak artan ticari işlemler ve hem üretim hem de tedarik aşamalarında sıfır hata prensibinin benimsenmesi neticesinde e-ticaret tüm dünyada yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Dünyanın tek ve büyük bir pazar haline dönüşmesi ile birlikte tüm sektörlerin dijital gelişmelere uyumunun sağlanabilmesi ve tüm dünya pazarında rekabet edebilmek için e-ticaretin tercih edilebilirliğini arttırma gereksinimi doğmuştur.E-ticaretin kolaylığı ve ulaşılabilirliği geleneksel lojistik süreçlerinin yavaş, hata oranlarının fazla ve bu nedenle de maliyetlerinin yüksek olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Sonuç olarak e-ticaretin hızla benimsenmesi ve kullanılabilirlik açısından kolay olması, lojistikte de bazı yeniliklerin oluşumunu zorunlu kılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, lojistiğin e-ticaret ile etkileşimi e-lojistik kavramını ortaya çıkarmış ve lojistiğin geleneksel sürecini değiştirmiştir. E-lojistik, geleneksel lojistikten farklı olarak daha hızlı ve daha fazla bilgi ve hizmetin sunulabildiği, iş ortakları ve müşterilerin de dahil olabildiği entegre bir sistem olarak günümüzde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Böylelikle e-ticaretin artan hızına, minimum maliyetli esnek çözümlerin sunulduğu bir sistem olan e-lojistik ile yetişilmesi planlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, Türkiye’deki E-ticaret uygulamaları ve işlem hacimleri, lojistikte değişim süreci ve dijitalleşme sürecinde e-lojistik uygulamaları üzerinde durularak, e-ticaretin vazgeçilmezi olan e-lojistiğin ülkemiz açısından önemi tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Dijitalleşme, E-lojistik, E-ticaret, KOBİ, Girişimcilik.

This study contributes to the emerging B2B digital marketing literature by providing a realistic overview of the usage, measurement practices, and barriers surrounding digital marketing in the era of social media. Investigating 145 B2B firms from various industries reveals that despite the interest in social media, companies continue to focus on one-directional communications with established digital tools. Furthermore, the results indicate that the advances in digital measurement tools remain largely unexploited, and the firms lack the human resources and know-how to make the most of opportunities provided by the developing digital environment. The implications of the study suggest that B2B companies should update their capabilities with respect to digital marketing usage and measurement in order to adapt current practices to fit the characteristics of today's digital media landscape

This study discusses the issue of personal data protection in e-commerce which departs from the case of personal data leakage in the Tokopedia marketplace. This research then aims to find out about the responsibility in implementing ethical principles in maintaining the privacy of PT Tokopedia users in the case of the leakage of Tokopedia users' personal data. The formulation of the problem in this study consists of 1. How does the Tokopedia data leak case affect efforts to implement ethical principles in maintaining the privacy of e-commerce users. 2. What is the responsibility of PT Tokopedia for cases of personal data leakage in the application of ethical principles in maintaining the privacy of e-commerce users? The research method used in this research is normative research with qualitative descriptive data analysis. Data collection is done by literature study. The results of the study indicate that the legal relationship between parties in the leakage of personal data is an agreement born of agreement and law. For the leakage of user's personal data, PT Tokopedia as the Electronic System Operator can be held responsible for negligence in maintaining the security of the Electronic System and not carrying out the obligation to notify personal data leaks in accordance with applicable ethical principles.

The main objective of the study is to assess impact of e-commerce on socio-economic conditions in Ghana, specifically in the Greater Accra Region. The research work specifically intends to: evaluate the extent to which Ghanaians are familiar with e-commerce, identify the main socio- economic conditions underpinning e-commerce in Ghana and analyze the impacts of e-commerce on social and economic conditions in Ghana.
In conducting the research, a convenience sampling technique was adopted to select the respondents from which data was obtained. Questionnaire design was used to gather data on e-commerce activities and socio-economic conditions in Ghana. The data gathered was discussed with the necessary conclusions, recommendations. The findings of the study revealed that many Ghanaians have adopted the usage of e-commerce with the reason transacting business on e-commerce was less expensive, aid in speed delivery of services (no time wastage) and there is the surety of service quality.
Regarding how e-commerce affects the lives of Ghanaians and the socio-economic contribution were that e-commerce has created job opportunities for many Ghanaians and has also been the source for poverty reduction within the country, many businesses in the country has become very successful due the use of e-commerce services or activities and has created avenue of foreign exchange gains for the country.
Thus, e- commerce is seen as a contributor in promoting the socio-economic conditions within the country, that’s there was enough evidence to prove that e-commerce is a major contributor to the socio- economic development in the country.
Recommendations have been made to increase the adoption of e-commerce and create awareness of it importance.

Desde hace unos años, el ritmo de crecimiento del número de usuarios de Internet en América Latina ha ido incrementándose. Esto permite entrever la posibilidad de desarrollar, entre otras cosas, las aplicaciones más generales del Comercio Electrónico, sobre todo, entre las pequeñas y medianas empresas y consumidores locales o fuera del país. A pesar de esto, aun existe gran desconocimiento por parte de las empresas y consumidores de las ventajas y del uso de esta tecnología.

En esta investigación se identifican y describen las características principales del Internet, del Comercio Electrónico, de la Tienda Virtual, de las relaciones mercadológicas Empresa - Consumidor y de la región latinoamericana en materia de Comercio Electrónico basado en Internet. Así mismo en este trabajo se identifican las principales barreras y se dan algunas recomendaciones para fomentar la capacidad de América Latina en materia de Comercio Electrónico.

This chapter investigated factors that affect e-shopping acceptance among Nigerians. The extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) model was adopted with some adjustments. Since the study focused on investigating technology adoption in cognitive perceptions and service quality contexts, a review of relevant literature suggested incorporating three key constructs from the service quality (SERVQUAL) model, namely reliability, empathy, and responsiveness into the conceptual model of this chapter. A pre-tested and validated 40-item questionnaire was administered to 380 university undergraduate students in Nigeria. The reliability coefficient of the items ranged between .755 and .876. The chapter concludes cognitive perceptions of the use of technology to purchase products or services online and service quality perceptions critically influence e-shopping acceptance among Nigerians.