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    This document discusses chemical equilibrium and equilibrium constants. It defines equilibrium law as the mathematical description of a chemical system at equilibrium and the equilibrium constant (K) as a constant value defining the equilibrium law. It provides examples of writing equilibrium law equations for different reactions. It explains that the equilibrium constant does not change with initial concentrations but does change with temperature. It gives examples of calculating K using equilibrium concentrations and of heterogeneous systems where only gases and solids in solution are included in K. Finally, it describes how the magnitude of K indicates whether a reaction favors products or reactants.

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    Lesson 2 - 7 2

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    This document discusses chemical equilibrium and equilibrium constants. It defines equilibrium law as the mathematical description of a chemical system at equilibrium and the equilibrium constant (K) as a constant value defining the equilibrium law. It provides examples of writing equilibrium law equations for different reactions. It explains that the equilibrium constant does not change with initial concentrations but does change with temperature. It gives examples of calculating K using equilibrium concentrations and of heterogeneous systems where only gases and solids in solution are included in K. Finally, it describes how the magnitude of K indicates whether a reaction favors products or reactants.

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    This document discusses chemical equilibrium and equilibrium constants. It defines equilibrium law as the mathematical description of a chemical system at equilibrium and the equilibrium constant (K) as a constant value defining the equilibrium law. It provides examples of writing equilibrium law equations for different reactions. It explains that the equilibrium constant does not change with initial concentrations but does change with temperature. It gives examples of calculating K using equilibrium concentrations and of heterogeneous systems where only gases and solids in solution are included in K. Finally, it describes how the magnitude of K indicates whether a reaction favors products or reactants.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    48 views10 pages

    Lesson 2 - 7 2

    Uploaded by

    api-281535910
    This document discusses chemical equilibrium and equilibrium constants. It defines equilibrium law as the mathematical description of a chemical system at equilibrium and the equilibrium constant (K) as a constant value defining the equilibrium law. It provides examples of writing equilibrium law equations for different reactions. It explains that the equilibrium constant does not change with initial concentrations but does change with temperature. It gives examples of calculating K using equilibrium concentrations and of heterogeneous systems where only gases and solids in solution are included in K. Finally, it describes how the magnitude of K indicates whether a reaction favors products or reactants.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    EQUILIBRIUM

    LAW AND THE


    EQUILIBRIUM
    CONSTANT
    SECTION 7.2

    EQUILIBRIUM LAW
    Equilibrium Law the mathematical description of a
    chemical system at equilibrium

    Equilibrium Constant (K) a constant numerical value


    defining the equilibrium law for a given system; units are not
    included when giving the value of K

    PRACTICE
    Write the equilibrium law equations for the
    following reactions:
    1. H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)
    2. CO(g) + H2O(g) H2(g) + CO2(g)
    3. 2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(g) 4HCl(g) + O2(g)

    ANALYZING THE EQUILIBRIUM


    LAW
    Lets look at the following reaction:
    N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

    at 500K

    So, what does this tell us about the equilibrium constant?

    The equilibrium constant will always be the same at a specific set of


    reaction conditions, regardless of the initial concentrations of the
    substrates

    The Equilibrium Constant Varies with


    Temperature

    Does this mean that the equilibrium constant is always the same for a
    given reaction?
    No, the equilibrium constant will change depending on the temperature of
    the reaction

    CALCULATING K
    1. The following synthesis reaction proceeds in a closed vessel
    at 5000C: N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g). Given the equilibrium
    concentrations of gaseous nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia,
    respectively, are 1.5 x 10-5 mol/L, 3.45 x10-1 mol/L and 2.00 x
    10-4 mol/L, what is the equilibrium constant?
    2. Calculate the decomposition reaction of ammonia under the
    same conditions with the same equilibrium concentrations.

    HETEROGENEOUS EQUILIBRIA
    Homogeneous Equilibrium a chemical equilibrium system in which all
    reactants and products are in the same state of matter, such as the gas
    state
    Heterogeneous Equilibrium a chemical equilibrium system in which the
    reactants and products are present in at least two different states, such as
    gases and solids.
    For a heterogeneous equilibrium system:
    the equilibrium position does not depend on the quantities of pure
    solids or liquids
    WHY?

    The concentrations of pure solids and liquids do not change during a


    chemical reaction

    Therefore: for heterogeneous equilibrium systems only the


    substances in the gas phase and/or in solution are included in the
    equilibrium constant

    PRACTICE

    EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT AND


    THE EQUILIBRIUM POSITION

    The equilibrium position of a reaction describes the


    relative concentrations of reactants and products in
    reaction.

    The equilibrium constant, K, can be used to determine the


    equilibrium position

    The magnitude of the equilibrium constant will tell us if


    the reaction favors the products (lies to the right) or
    favors the reactants (lies to the left)
    K >>> 1

    lies far to the right

    K=1

    lies in the center

    K <<< 1

    lies to the left

    HOMEWORK
    READ: 429-436
    ANSWER QUESTIONS:
    Page 431: #1-3

    Page 434 #1
    Page 436 #1,2,3,5

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