1

panzkoj Lokjh % okgu

vkf.k ekxZ

foKkukP;k bfrgklakr 1960 rs 1970 ;k

nkdkpk dky[kaM gk ,d Qkj egokpk VIik
Bj.kkj vkgs- egr~ iz;kl d:u ns[khy] vkiY;k
;k /kjrhojpsp nwjnwjps uos iznsk /kqaMkG.ksa] ;k
iyhdMs ekuokP;k lapkjkph ety vkrki;ZUr
xsyh uOgrh] i.k] ;k 8@9 okkrhy iz;Ruakuh
v?kfVr rsa ?kMysa vkgs- i`FohP;k fudVpk
vkdkkLFk xzg tks panz] R;k panzkoj tku
;s.kkpsa izLFkku ek.klkusa Bsoysa o rh lQj
;kLohfg >kyh vkgsjfk;k vkf.k vesfjdk ;k nksUgh jkVakps
panzkojP;k Lokjhps iz;Ru pkywa vkgsr] o
LokjhP;k r;kjhP;k osxosxGkk mieakr] d/kh
,dkph rj d/kha nql;kph ljkh Ogkoh vlsa
?kMr vkgs- R;k mieakP;k o.kZuko:u ra= o
foKku ;akph dso<h foy{k.k >si l|%dkyakr
pkyw vkgs gsa /;kuha ;srsa- izLrqr ys[kakr]
vesfjdsph ,rf}k;d th ;kstuk&viksyks

;kstuk&frP;k nksu egokP;k rifkyakph LFkwwy

ekfgrh lakxko;kpsa ;ksftysa vkgs] rs rikhy
Eg.kts Lokjhps okgu o ekxZvkrak vk/kh ^okgu* ;k kCnkpk [kqyklk
djk;yk gok- panzkP;k Lokjhdjrak fu;ksftr
dsysys rhu vodkk ohj T;k ;kuakrwu panzkdMs
fu?k.kkj] ok rsFkwu ijr.kkj] R;k ;kukyk ;k
izoklkpsa okgu Eg.k.ksa ;ksXkp gksbZy- i.k iq<s
LiV dsY;kizek.ksa] ,drj rsa ;ku jsYosP;k
MC;klkj[kh ,dla/k oLrq ulwu tksM-lksM djrk
;s.kk;k rhu pkj mi;kuakpk lap vkgs] o nqljsa]
Lor%P;k tksjkoj panzkdMs ekxZLFk gks.ks gsfg ;k
lapkyk kD; ukgha- viksyks ;kukyk panzkdMs
>ksdwu ns.;kdjrak izpaM khph t:jh
vlY;kusa] R;k dkeha lWVuZ&5 ;k vktferhyk
miyC/k
vlysY;k
lokZr
eksBkk
o
egkkfkkyh vfXuck.kkph ;kstuk dsysyh vkgslWVuZ&5 yk okVY;kl ^okgukpsa okgu* Eg.kkosa]
i.k] eq[; LFkyakrjkpsa lk/ku rsap gks;- ;k
ys[kakr ^viksyks* o lWVuZ&5 ;k nksUgh okguakph
ekfgrh fnysyh vkgs- vFkkZr~] R;akph jpuk o
dk;Z ;akph ekfgrh lakxrkuk] okguksi;ksxh

miakxakpsa o.kZup izkeq[;kusa fnysa vkgs- brj lks;h

lqfo/kk ;akph ppkZ ;saFksa Qkjkh vk<G.kkj ukghfu?kwa;k vkrak Lokjhyk- izFke ,dk laHkkO;
xSjletkpsa fujlu dj.ks vkokd vkgs- dq.kkph
vkh dYiuk vlsy dha] tls ,[kkns tsV
foeku] R;kpsa baftu lrr pkyw jkgwu] ,dk
fBdk.kkgwu ksadMksa eSy nwjP;k nql;k fBdk.kha
iksaprsa] rlsp paknz;kukyk us.kkjk vfXuck.k
panzki;ZUrP;k vkf.k ijrhP;k izoklkP;kosGha
lrr pkywa jkgkr vlsy] o ;kukyk iq<s jsVr
vlsy] Qjd dk; rks ,o<kp dha] panzizoklkpsa
varj tkLr vlY;keqGsa R;k dkeha tsV foekuk
,soth Lo;aiw.kZ vfXuck.k okijyk vkgs- i.k gh
dYiuk loZFkSo pwd vkgs- vodkklapkj dj.kkjk
inkFkZ vlk jsVyk tkr ukgha] rj bV fnksar rks
Qsdwu fdaok >ksdwu fnyk tkrks] o gs gksrkuk
izkIr >kysyk osx vkf.k vodkkkrY;k
toGnwjP;k xksyakpsa vkdkZ.k ;akpk ladfyr
ifj.kke gksu inkFkkZpk ekxZ Bjrks] o R;k
ekxkZusp rks vodkkakrwu tkrks- xzg] mixzg
bR;kfn vodkkkrysa xksy lq)k vukfn dkyk
iwohZ R;akuk feGkysyk osx o R;akph ijLijakrhy

vkdkZ.ksa ;akP;k ladfyr ifj.kkekuqlkj vlsp

Hkzer vkgsrviksyks ;ku ;kp jhrhus panzkdMs >ksdwu
fnysa tkrsa- >ksdwu ns.kkjs lk/ku] lWVuZZ 5
vfXuck.k vFkkZrp iq<hy izoklakr Hkkx ?ksr
ukgha- vkf.k ;k dkj.kkus O;kogkfjd Vhusa
R;kyk ^okgu* Eg.k.ksfg dnkfpr jkLr gks.kkj
ukgh( i.k LFkyakrjkpsa izeq[k lk/ku rsap gks; gsa
LiV vkgs- ;k ckcrhr ?kMrsa rsa vlsa dha] ;ku
panzkdMs fHkjdkoys tk.kkpk osxp brdk eksBk
vlrks fdaok vlkok ykxrks dha] ekxsa jkfgysY;k
i`FohP;k xq:RokdkZ.kkusa osx deh deh gksr
jkfgyk] rjh iqjslk osx dsOgakfg fkYyd vlrksvFkkZr~ ;kukpk iq<s izokl pkywp jgkrks o rsa
fu;ksftr y{kki;ZUr iksaprsarsOgak iw.kZ kDrhusa Hkwi`Bkiklwu mlGh
ekjk;ph] o gs djrakuk feGkysyk i;kZIr osx
uarj i`FohP;k vkdkZ.kkP;k fojks/kakr [kpZ djr
djr nwj fu?kwu tk;psa] gsa vodkk lapkjkyk
lqjokr dj.kkpsa lw= Bjrsa-

,[kknk inkFkZ lkodkkhusa mpyk;yk

ykx.kkjh kfDr o rks >ikVkkusa >ksdwu |k;yk
ykx.kkjh kfDr] ;akph rqyuk [kkyh fnyh vkgsfrP;ko:u] vodkk lapkjkyk ykx.kk;k izpaM
kDrhph dYiuk ;sbZy- lWVuZ 5 vfXuck.kkP;k
lkkusa vikyks ;ku i`Fohiklwu lqekjs 120 eSy
maphojhy d{ksar vk/kh izLFkkfir gksrs- R;k
mapho:u i`FohHkksorh ,d@nhM Qsjh ekjY;kuarj
rsFkwu rkkh 25]000 eSy osxkusa panzkdMs >ksdwu
fnys tkrsa- vkrak] dsoG 1 ikSaM otukP;k
inkFkkZyk ;k izek.ksa Qsdwu panzkoj iksapko;kpsa
vlsy] rj R;k dkekyk fdrh kDrh ykxsy
frpk fgksc igk- ;k dkekdjrak ykx.kk;k
kDrhusa 2 y{k 90 gtkj Vu ,o<s izpaM vks>s
tfeuhiklwu ,d QwV map mpyrak ;sbZy- dsysys
xf.kr iqu% iqu% riklwufg R;kP;k ;FkkFkZrsfok;ha
Hkze fuekZ.k Ogkok vlsa gsa mkj vkgs- i.k rs
vxnh cjkscj vkgs dkj.k oLrqfLFkrh rkh vkgsviksyks ;ku lapkpsa otu vkgs lqekjs 45
Vu Eg.kts 45 xqf.kys 2240 ikSaM rsOgak gsa
otu panzkoj iksapsylsa Qsd.kkyk fdrh kDrh
ykxsy R;kpsa xf.kr djrk ;sbZy- mRlkgh

okpdakuh rsa dke djkosa- ;k xf.krkpk fudkZ

ek= vlk fu?krks dha] vodkk izoklkyk
fu?krakuk ogu f;syk vkokd ulysY;k
lkekukps otu kD; rksa deh dsys ikfgtsvfXuck.kkP;k ToyudksBakr ba/kufeJ.kkus
fuekZZ.k gks.kk;k m.k ok;wP;k vkxhpk >ksr ekxsa
ck.kkP;k mRlfxZ.kharwu osxkusa ckgsj iMrks] o
R;kP;k izfrf;seqGsa vfXuck.k iq<s mk.k djrks]
rlasp] vusd dakMakP;k vfXuck.kakpsa mk.k lq:a
>kY;koj]ekxpha dakMsa ekuas tGwu xGwu iMrkr
R;keqGsa otu cjsp deh >kY;keqGsa iq<ph dakMsa
isVY;koj ok<ysY;k o ok<R;k osxkusa iq<sa ?kqlrkr
gsa vfXuck.kkP;k osxfl)hpsa ro izFke /;kuha
?ks.ksa bV gksbZylWVuZ 5 vfXuck.k vkf.k R;kP;k fkjksHkkkxha
clfoysysa viksyks ;ku nks?kakph feGwu maph 363
QwV] Eg.kts lqekjs 28 etys maphP;k bekjrh
,o<h] cqMkkh O;kl 33 QwV] vkf.k otu
2772 Vu Eg.kts ,dk ekyxkMhP;k otukis{kakfg
tkLr vkgs- ygkueksBs y{kko/kh ?kVdHkkx
vlysY;k ;k jk{klh /kqMkph tqG.kh] tksM.kh]

rikl.kh ;k dkekyk dakgha efgus rjh ykx.kkjprsOgak R;k eqnrhar {ksi.krG vMowu jkgwa u;s]
nqljha Ogk;ph vlrhy rha iz{ksai.ksa pkywa jkgkohr]
;k mskkusa tksM.khpsa dke] rGkiklwu rhu
eSyakoj mHkkjysY;k rkkp ,dk jk{klh bekjrhar
dsysa tkras( o uarj vfXuck.k vkf.k R;kP;k
kstkjpk ftU;kpk yks[kaMh lakxkMk] ;akps lqekjs
5]000 Vuakps vks>s] rnFkZ r;kj dsysY;k ju
xkMkklkj[;k ,dk izkLr xkMkkoj ?kkywu rkkha
nhM eSay osxkusa rGkoj vk.kys tkrs- gk xkMk
vks<.kkjsa baftup eqGh 5500 gWklZiWkojps Eg.kts
vkiY;kdMhy vkxxkMhP;k fotsP;k nksu
baftuakP;k brdh rkdn vlysysa vkgs-

lWVuZ&5 vfXuck.k rlsp viksyksps

izeq[k ?kVdHkkx o R;akph dk;sZ &
1& lWVuZ&5 vfXuck.kkpssa ifgysa dakM&138 QwV maphpsa o 2139 Vu otukpas gsa dakM
vf/kdakk Eg.kts lqekjs 2]000 Vu otu
dsjkslhu o nzo vWkfDltu ;k tksM ba/kuakpsa vkgs;kyk 5 baftusa vkgsr- baftu Eg.kts ToyudksB

o mRlfxZ.kh ;akpk lap- R;akP;k}kjk lsdankyk

lqekjs lkMs 13 Vu ;k Rojsusa 150 lsdanakr
Eg.kts vMhp fefuVakr loZ 2000 Vu ba/ku
tGwu QLr gksrs- ba/kuakP;k VkD;akrwu ba/kusa [kspwu
rh ToyudksBakr fipdkj.kk;k ,dsdk iaikph
rkdn ,[kk|k rkyqD;kP;k xkokyk ik.khiqjoBk
dj.kk;k iaikbrdh vkgs- vkf.k gsa izfrlsdankyk
tG.kkjs ba/kufeJ.k Eg.kts jWkdsyps 552 Mcs
Hk:u nzo vWkfDltu o 338 Mcs dsjkslhu ;akpsa
feJ.k vlrs- gosrY;k ekstD;k vWkfDltuP;k
lkkusp LVksOge/;sa dsjkslhu tkGwu] MckHkj dsjks
lhuoj vki.k ,d efgukHkj fuokZg djrks- gh
xksV /;kuha ?ksrY;kl] ,dk lsdanakr tGwu
tk.kk;k ojhy lkMs 13 Vu izHkkoh feJ.kkiklwu
dso<h jk{klh kfDr fuekZ.k gksr vlsy ;kph
dYiuk djrk ;sbZy;k kDrhps eksteki gsa dha] iakpha
baftuakpk feGwu fuekZ.k gks.kkjk mk.kkpk tksj]
mRizsjd] FkzLV lqekjs ik.kdksVh ikSaM fdaok
3500 Vu brdk vlrks- vkrak tehu lksMrkuk
okgukpsa otu Eg.ktsp R;kph tfeuhdMph vks<
2772 Vuakph vlY;kusa o oj mlGh ekj.kkpk

tksj 3500 Vuakpk vlY;keqGsa] 3500&2772

Eg.kts lqekjs lOok700 Vuakpk fuOoG mRizsjd
lqjokrhykp miyC/k vlrks- mk.k pkyw
vlrkukfg gk 3500 Vuakpk ojP;k fnksl
?kql.;kpk tksj pkywp jkgrks- i.k ba/ku laiwu
vfXuck.kkpsa otu tltlsa ?kVr tkrs rlrkh
R;k tksjkph ifj.kkedkjdrk ek= ok<r tkrs
vkf.k vfXuck.kkpk osx vk.k[kh iVhauh ok<r
tkrks- ksaoVh vMhp fefuVakuh] ifgY;k
dk.Makrhy loZ ba/ku laiwu rsa dakM tsOgak
fu[kGwu iMrs] rsOgak mjysY;k vfXuck.kkpk osx
rkkh lqekjs 6100 eSy >kysyk vlrks o rks
36 eSy map xsysyk vlrksvfXuck.kkpsa nqljsa dakM & gsafg vlsp 5
baftuakpsa vkgs- ifgY;k dakMkis{kak vkdkjkus o
lkeF;kZusa rsa vFkkZrp ygku vkgs- i.k R;akr
tG.kkjs nzo gSMkstu o nzo vWkfDltu ;akpsa ba/ku
feJ.k vf/kd kfDrkkyh vkgs- ;k dakMkpk
,danj mRissjd lqekjs 500 Vu vkgs- lqekjs 6
fefuVsai;ZUr tGwu rsa xGwu iMrsa- rsOgak R;kpk
osx rkkh lqekjs lOok 15000 eSy] maph 106
eSy o rGkiklwu iwosZdMs vksyakMysysa varj

10

lqekjs lOok 900 eSy vkh fLFkrh vlrs- nkV

gosrwu Ogko;kP;k lqjokrhP;k 15 rs 18 eSy
m/oZ izoklkuarj vfXuck.k bV fnksdMs gGqgGq
oGr jkghy vkh ;kstuk usgehp vlrsvfXuck.kkpsa frljs dakM& ;k dakMakr 1 baftu
clfoysysa vkgs- R;kpk mRizsjd 100 Vu vkgs;k baftukph mRlfxZ.kh ToyudksBkyk m[kGh
lak/;klkj[;k lak/;kusa tksMysyh vkgs- ts.ksd:u
frpk d.kkZ Eg.kts >ksrkoh fnkk cnyrk ;srs o
vfXuck.k bV fnksdMs oGork ;srks- ifgY;k
nksUgh dakMakrhy dMsP;k pkjh mRlfxZ.kh vkkp
oyu{ke tksMysY;k vlrkr- frljsa dakM nksu
gIR;akuh tGrsa- ifgY;k gIR;akr rsa lqekjs vMhp
fefuVsa tGrsa- R;kosGha rsa viksykslg vk.k[kh 15
eSy map p<wu Eg.kts Hkwi`Bkiklwu 120 eSy
maphoj iksapwu] i``FohHkksorhP;k bV vkk d{ksar
fQ:a ykxrs- vkrak R;kpsa baftu can dsysa tkrsarsa vkrak i`Fohpk ,d mixzg >kysysa vlrsa- ;k
fLFkrhar R;kph i`FohHkksorhph ,d@nhM Qsjh
foukkfDr iqjh gksrs- iznf{k.kk pkyw vlrakukP;k
njE;kuP;k osGakr] ^panzkdMs lwj ekj.kkiwohZ loZ
r;kjh O;ofLFkr vkgs uk* ;kph rikl.kh] [kk=h

11

dsyh tkrs] o rsa frljsa dakM vkf.k R;kyk

tksMysysa viksyks;ku gha iznf{k.ksarhy bV fBdk.kha
vkY;kuarj dakMkps Toyu iqUgk lq:a dsyas tkras;k [ksisl Toyu lqekjs lOokiakp fefuVsa pkyrs
o R;keqGsa] iznf{k.ksP;k osGha vlysY;k lkMs
lrjk gtkj eSy osxakr ok< gksu rks rkkh
24]200 eSy gksrks o panzkP;k fnksus ekxZe.kk
lq:a gksrs- gk izokl lqekjs 70 rkl pkyrksfrl;k dk.Makrhy ba/ku laiwu xsys vlY;keqGsa
o dakMkpsa dkefg laiys vlY;kusa rsa ;kukiklwu
foHkDr gksrs- frUgh dakMakpsa dke laiY;keqGsa rh
xGwu uV gksrkr- vkrak viksyks;ku vkiyk ekxZ
FkkssMk cnywu izokl pkywa Bsors] o lw;kZHkksorh
ekuofufeZr xzg ;k Lo:iakr okVpky djrsaifgY;k dakMkpsa QksydV osxkus o nkV gosrwu
i`Fohoj mrjrkuk cgqrakk tGwu leqnzakr iMr
vlsy] rj R;kp dkj.kkeqGsa nql;k dakMkP;k
j{ksps dsoG d.kp i`Fohoj mrjr vlrhy fdaok
okrkoj.kakr fo[k:u tkr vlrhymidj.kakpsa nkyu&
frl;k dakMkP;k ojhy
cktwl dopkP;k vakrhy vaxkusa vR;Ur
egokph fofo/k midj.ksa cloysyha vkgsr-

12

vfXuck.kkP;k mk.kkps vWkVkseWfVd fdaok vkKsuqlkj fu;a=.k dj.kkjk gk R;kpk esanwp Eg.krak
;sbZy- ;s.ksaizek.ksa i`FohP;k oskhi;ZUr viksyks
;ku usu R;kyk panzkdMs fHkjdkowu ns.kkpsa
lWVuZ 5 vfXuck.kkpsa dke ikj iMrsaviksyks ;ku& frl;k dakMkoj viksyks ;ku
vFkkZr~ ;kulap clfoysyk vkgs- vk/kh panz
vorj.k ;ku] Y;wukj eksM;wy] panzkoj mrj.kkj
vkgs rsa gsa ,o<sap ;ku- ;k ;kukpsfg nksu Hkkx
vkgsr- [kkyP;k cktwph pkj ik;akph ?kMoaphlkj[kh fnl.kkjh panzLikhZ pkSik;h] fMLlsaV LVst
gks;- ckhlkj[ks [kwj vlysys gs ik; panzHkwehoj
izR;{k Vsdk;ps vkgsr- panzkoj mrjrakuk iM.kkpk
osx deh d:u vyxn mrjrk ;kosa ;kdfjrak
vko;d vlysysa ^leksj >ksr lksM.kkjs jWkdsV
baftu* jsV~jks jWkdsV] izfr vfZuck.k R;k pkSikbZyk
cloysysa vkgs] o R;kP;ktoGP;k Vkdhar 8 Vu
ba/kulkBk Bsoysyk vkgs;k ?kMoaphP;koj tksM-lksM lak/;kus mk.k ;ku
vWLlsaV LVst cloysysa vkgs- panzHkwehoj mrj.ksa

13

o rsFkhy dke >kY;koj iqu% mk.k d:u] panzk

Hkksorh fQjr jkfgysY;k ewG fu;a=.k ;kukyk
xakB.kas gh dkefxjh fu;ksftr nks?kk varjkG
ohjakdMwu ikj iMk;ph gksrh rh ;k mk.k;kuakr
clwu ikj iMysyh vkgs- mk.k;kuakr lOok nksu
Vu ba/kulkBk vkgs- o R;kP;k tksjkoj panz
i`Bko:u ijr mk.k d:u] 70 eSy maphoj
panzkHkksorh rkkh 3640 eSy osxkus fQjr
vlysY;k fu;a=.k ;kukyk rs iqu% xkBwa kdrasgha nksUgha ;kusa gyD;k /kkrwph o csrkP;k
cGdVhph vkgsr- lWVuZ 5 oj clowu usrakuk
lq)k rha dakplkekuklkj[kh tiwu usyh tkrkri.k] panzkoj loZp inkFkkpsa otu&;akr vodkk
;kf=dakpsfg vkys&;sFkY;k dsoG ,dkVakk Hkjr
vlY;kusa] rsa isy.kkyk rha iqjskha cGdV vkgsr
lkexzh ;ku] lfOgZl eksMkwy vkf.k fu;a=.k ;ku
deakM eksMkwy ;k nksUgh Hkkxakpsa gsa ;ku]
panzHkwehiklwu 70 eSy oj panzkHkksorh fQjr
vlrs- lkexzh ;kukyk oGorak ;s.kk;k
mRlfxZ.khpsa 10 Vu mRizsjd vlysysa vlsa baftu
tksMysysa vkgs- ;kuakr iqjslk ba/kulkBk o

14

izoklkr ykx.kk;k oht] ik.kh] vWkfDltu

bR;kfn vusdfo/k xksVhapk lkBk vlrks- tkrakuk
o ;srakuk okVsr osxkP;k fnksP;k Vhusa t:j rh
nq:Lrh] feM~dkslZ djsDku ?kMo.ksa o eq[;Rosa]
panzklehi iksapY;koj osx deh d:u panzHkkasorh
d{kkxr gks.ks] vkf.k rsFkhy dkefxjh laiY;koj
iqUgk osx ok<owu panzd{ksrwu ckgsj iMwu i`FohdMs
ekxZLFk gks.ks gh kDrhph dkesa lkexzh ;kukus
djko;kph vkgsr- ;so<kkdjrk R;kpsa baftu 50
osGak isVw fo>w kdsy vls cuoysa vkgs- ijrhpk
izokl lqekjs 60 rklakpk vkgslkexzh ;kukP;koj kadwP;k vkdkjkpsa fu;a=.k
;ku clfoysysa vkgs- fr?kakiSdh nksu varjkGohj
dakgha rkli;ZUr ckgsj iMwu panzkoj tku ;srkr]
gh xksV lksMyh rj frUgh varjkGohjakpk fuokl
loZdkG ;k ;kuakr vlrks] o izoklkP;k
rifkykpsa fu;a=.k ;sFkwu gksrs( ;k Vhusa gsa ;ku
egokps vkgsijrrakuk i`Fohlehi ;sbZi;ZUr fu;a=.k o
lkexzh ;kuas ,desdakuk tksMysyh vlrkri`FohP;k ok<R;k vkdkZ.kkeqGsa R;akpk osx rkkh
24]765 eSy brdk ok<ysyk vlrks- gk Hkhk.k

15

osx deh dj.kkyk vodkkohjakikkha vkrak

izfrck.k ukghr- i`FohP;k okrkoj.kakrwu tkrakuk
gksbZy R;k fojks/kkpsp rso<s lk /ksu gk osx
deh djko;kpk vkgs- ;k osGha goskha gks.kk;k
VdjheqGsa o ?kkZ.kkeqGsa fuekZ.k gks.kk;k izpaM
m.krsiklwu varjkGohjakpk cpko Ogkok Eg.kwu
fu;a=.k ;kukpsa dop m.krkfuokjd] cGdV i.k
gyds vls cufoysys vkgs- i`Fohlehi vkY;koj
lkexzh okgukpsa dke vkrak laiysysa vlY;kus
fu;a=.k ;ku R;kpk R;kx djrsa( Eg.kts cqMkdMs
vlysyk ,d ygkulk vfXuck.k mMowu fu;a=.k
;ku lkexzh;kukyk foHkDr djras o Lor%
i`FohdMs mr:a ykxrsa- R;kiwohZ vakrhy
vodkkohjakuk nksu xksVh dVk{kkusa ikj
ikMko;kP;k vlrkr- ,d Eg.kts ;kukpk eksgjk
myV oGowu R;kps :an FkcdMsa izoklkP;k fnksl
lkeksjs dj.ksa] ts.ksd:u okrkoj.kkpk fojks/k
tkLrhr tkLr ykHkwu osx bV rso<k ?kVsy( o
nqljh xksV] okrkoj.kkP;k LikZ jskskh lkMs iakp
rs 7 vakkpk dksu dj.kk;k fu:an ikakrwup
okrkoj.kakr izosk dj.ksa- ;kukyk osxosxGkk
fnkakuk jks[kysys vusd ygkuxs vfXuck.k
clfoysys vlrkr( R;akP;k lkkusa gsa kD;

16

gksrs- vkrak izoskkph] jh,UVhph fnkk LikZ jskskha

lkMsiakp vakkis{kak ygku dksu djhr vlsy rj
;ku]
nxMh
diphlkj[ks
okrkoj.kkP;k
vakr-ckgsj iqu% iqu% mlGkk ek:u dqBsrjh
HkjdVsy- myV] izoskkP;k fnkspk dksu 7
vakkis{kak tkLr vlsy rj] ;kukpk Hkwi`Bkoj]
[kjsa Eg.kts leqnzi`Bkoj mrj.kkpk ckdnkj ekxZ
oktohis{kk vk[kwM vkf.k >ikVkkusa mrjrk vlk
gksbZy] o gosP;k fojks/kkph m.krk fgksckis{kak
vf/kd Rojsus fuekZ.k gksu ;ku tGwu tkbZylWVuZ 5pas ifgys dakM isVwu mk.k dj.kkvxksnj
28 etys maphP;k vfXuck.kkP;k lokr ojrh
thouj{kd LraHk] yWkUp ,Ldsi VWkoj clfoysyk
vlrks- [kkyP;k cktwl ikyF;k ukGD;klkj[ks
tsa Vksi.k fnlrs rsa fu;a=.k ;kukoj ?k fQ cl
.kkjsa i.k R;kiklwu lksMforkfg ;s.kkjs vlsa vkgs;k LraHkakr ,d ?ku ba/kuh vfXuck.k clfoysyk
vlrks- LraHkkps iz;kstu iq<hyizek.ksa vkgs] letk
lWVuZ 5 o viksyks gh mk.kkdjrak fl) vkgsr]
o fu;ksftr frUgh vodkkohj fu;a=.k;kuakrhy
vkikiY;k fcNkU;koj iMwu {ksi.kosGsph okV
igkr vkgsr( vkk fLFkrhar] Eg.kts {ksi.kosGsP;k

17

vk/kh 30 fefuVsi;ZUr vfXuck.kP;k dakMakr

fdaok brj= dakgha fc?kkM fu?kwu ohjakP;k thokyk
/kksdk fuekZ.k >kyk] rj fu;a=.k;kuakrhy fofkV
dG nkcrkp] fdaok vWkVkseWfVd ;a=.ksusa]LraHkakrhy
vfXuck.k isVrks] o R;k fglD;kusa fu;a=.k ;ku
eq[; okgukiklwu lksMoys tku] LraHk vkf.k
;ku nwjoj mlGh ekjrkr- iq<sa iw.kZ maphoj
iksapY;koj vkkp rgsP;k ra=kusa fu;a=.k;ku
LraHkkiklwu osxGs gksrs] o i`Fohoj iMrakuk
R;kP;k gokbZ N;k ;ksX; osGha m?kMY;k tku
rsa vyxr [kkyha mrjrsa- lWVuZ 5 ps mk.k lq:a
>kY;koj lq)k 3 fefuVsai;ZUr gh ;kstuk miyC/k
vlrs- i.k lqnSokus vlk vi?kkrkpk izlax vkyk
ukgh] rj R;k eqnrhuarj LraHkakrhy ck.k
vkiksvki mMwu LraHk eq[; okgukiklwu lksMoyk
tkrks-

paknz ;k=spk ekxZ

panzkoj tku iksap.;kdjrak] panz T;k fnksl
fnlr vlsy R;k fnksykp {ksi.krGako:u
vfXuck.kkusa eqlaMh ekjk;ph] vlk dakgha izdkj

18

;k ckcrhar vl.kkj ukgh gs m?kM vkgs- dkj.k]

letk vkh eqlaMh ekjyhp rjh rsFks ikspsi;ZUr
ykx.kk;k lqekjs 70 rklakr Lor% panzp ewGP;k
fBdk.kkiklwu gyysyk vl.kkjrsOgak] ;kukpk izokl pkywa vlrakukP;k osGakr]
panz T;k fBdk.kha ;s.kkj vlsy] R;k fBdk.kha
tku iksp.kkP;k csrkus i`Foho:u mk.k
djko;kpsa vlrsa gs vks?kkusp ;srsavkrak panzkP;k ckcrhr lwj dsOgak ekjk;pk
vlrks rs ikgwa- ck.kkpsa frljs dakM o viksyks
;ku i`Foh HkksorhP;k d{ksar iznf{k.kk djhr
vlrakuk] rh ;ku o panz ;akps ts visf{kr
ehyuLFky vkgs R;k fcanwP;k Vhus i`FohP;k cjks
cj myV cktwl] vWfUViksM toG vlrakuk
R;akph osxok< Ogko;kph vlrs- gh osxok< rkkh
24]200
eSy
izkIr
>kY;keqGsa
;ku
i`FohHkksorhP;k ,dk Qkj eksBkk yaco`kkP;k]
Eg.ktsp foo`kkP;k] ,fyIlP;k ekxkZus izokl lq:a
djrsa ;k foo`kkojhy i`Fohyk lokZr toGP;k
fcanwpsa Hkwi`Bkiklwupsa varj] miHkw varj] isfjxh
fMLVUl vFkkZrp 120 eSyakps vlrs] rj nwjP;k

19

fcanwps] viHkw fcanwps varj] vWiksxh fMLVUl dSd

y{k eSyakps vlrsa- viHkw fcanwP;k fnksyk]
letk panz okVsoj HksVyk ulrk] rj dakgha
vkBoMkakuh [kwi yakcV vkdkjkps foo`k iw.kZ
d:u ;ku i`FohdMs ijr vkys vlrs o ex
R;k ekxkZusa R;kP;k i`Fohiznf{k.kk pkywa jkfgY;k
vlR;k- i.k letk i`Foho:u lwj ekj.kkpk osx
vk.k[kh 800 eSyakuh vf/kd] Eg.kts rkkha
25]000 eSy brdk Eg.kts eks{kosxkbrdk
vlrk] rj R;kpk ekxZ foo`kklkj[kk] Eg.kts can
gks.kk;k vkrhpk u jkgrak vUoLrkP;k]
iWjkcksykP;k u feV.kk;k vkrhpk gksu rs
i`Fohiklwu dk;eps nwj fu?kwu xsys vlrs- i.k
vkrak panz okVsoj ;sr vlY;keqGsa] R;kP;kdMs
>siko.kkjsa ;ku tltlsa R;kP;k vf/kd toG
tkbZy]
rlrls
R;akP;ke/kY;k
ok<R;k
vkdkZ.kkeqGsa ekxkZpk foo`ki.kk fc?kMwu tkbZy gs
let.kklkj[ksa vkgs- ;k ifjfLFkrhar ifj.kkeh
?kMrs rsa vls& i`Fohyk Mkoh iznf{k.kk ?kkywu iq<s
fu?kkysY;k ;kukpk osx lk/kkj.kr% ekxs jkfgysY;k
i`FohP;k vks<heqGsa T;kizek.ksa izfr{k.kha ?kVr tkrks
R;kpizek.ks ;ku MkohdMsfg [kspys tkr jkgrs;Fkkdky panz lehi vkY;kojfg MkohdMs

20

>qd.kkph R;kph gh izo`fk fkYyd vlY;kusa rsa

i`Foh panzkyk tksM.kkjh jskk vksyakMwu frP;k
nql;k cktwl tkrs- ;k lqekjkl] i`Foh panz ;k
nksUgh xksyakph ijLij fo:) cktwph vkdkZ.ksa
leleku >kysyha vlrkr- ;k uarj panzkP;k
vkdkZ.kkpk izHkko ok<rk jkgwu ;kukpk osx ok<aw
ykxrks- ;k osGha izfrck.kkpk iz;ksx d:up osx
iqjslk deh djkok ykxrks] dh T;keqGsa ;ku
panzkiklwu Qkj nwj fu?kwu u Tkkrk R;kP;kHkksorh
bV varjko:u mtoh iznf{k.kk ?kkywa ykxrsiq<s] nf{k.kakph fu;ksftr la[;k iqjh >kY;koj] i`FohdMs fu?k.kkdfjrak nf{k.kkekxkrwu iqUgk
,dnak mlGh ekjkoh ykxrs- ;kosGha nf{k.ksP;k
rkkha 3640 eSyakP;k osxakr ok< dsyh tku
rks rkkha 6]000 eSy gksrks- panzkiklwu nwj fu?kwu
tk.kkpk eks{kosx rkkha 5400 eSy vlY;keqGsa
rkkha 6]000 eSy osxkus fu?kkysysa ;ku vFkkZrp
vUoLrkpk ekxZ voyacwu] R;kP;kiklwu dk;eps
nwj fu?kwu ;srs- gh osxok< lq)k] ;ku panzkP;k
ekxhy cktwl] Eg.kts i`FohP;k fo:) vlrakuk
Ogkoh ykxrs- dha] T;kosGha e/khy panzxksykP;k
vMFkGkkeqGsa] i`Fohojhy fu;a=.kdsanz ;kukyk

21

jsfMvksusa dakghafg lwpuk-lYyk ikBowa kdr ukgh;ku i`FohdMs ijrY;koj ^Mkoh dk mtoh* ;k
n`Vhusa ikgrak tkrkukP;k lkj[kk e ?kMrks o
i`Fohyk MkohdMs Bsowu iwosZdMs tkr tkr] oGr
oGr vkf.k ok<R;k ?kursP;k gosP;k fojks/kkus
osx ?kVor fu;a=.k ;ku i`Fohoj mrjrs- i`FohP;k
nSfud oyuxrheqGsa frP;k i`BkojP;k gosP;k
Fkjakukfg dakgha kr eSy ekikusa ekstrk ;srhy
vls osx ifpesdMwu iwosZdMs kIr >kysysa
vlrkr- yakcwu ;su ;k Fkjakrwu [kkyh mrj.kkjsa
;kufg iwosZdMs ?kqlr tkr vlY;kusa R;kyk gospk
bV rso<k lkSE; gksr vlkok;k lanHkkr] oklkP;k lqjokrhyk vfXuck.k
ojP;k fnksl >sikor vlrakukp R;kyk eq[;Rosa
iwosZdMs dak oGfoys tkrs rsa letkowu ?ks.ksa bV
gksbZy- i`FohP;k oyuxrheqGsa fokqoo`kkojhy
fBdk.kakuk rkkha lqekjs 1]000 eSyakP;k o mkj
o nf{k.ksdMhy fBdk.kakuk deh gksr xsysyk vlk
ifpesdMwu iwosZdMs vlysyk osx vlrks- lWVuZ
5 P;k dsi dsusMh {ksi.krGkyk rks rkkha 900
eSyakpk vkgs- gk osx rGkojhy R;sd inkFkkr
mnkgj.kkFkZ mk.kdjrak fl) vlysY;k vfXu
ck.kakr fHkuysyk vlrks- ;k lafpr osxkpk]

22

laosxkpk Qk;nk ?ksup iFohHksakorh Hkze.k dj.ks

vf/kd lqyHk gksrsa- ;kpk vFkZ] nf{k.ksph fnkk
vf/kdakk iwosZdMs vkh Bso.ksa ekIr BjrsmyV fnksus fQ:a ykx.ksa vkD; ukgh] i.k ;k
lgtlafpr osxkP;k fo:) tkrakuk Qkj eksBh
kf o`Fkk [kpkZoh ykxsyLFkku Bso.kkph fnkk ifpe dak iwoZ
vlkoh ;kpk [kqyklk >kyk- vkrak LFkku
Bso.kkph fnkk nf{k.ksdMs vf/kd dak mkjsdMs
vf/kd vlkoh ;kpsa mkj kks/kwa& vkdkkakr
lw;kZP;k okfkZd Qsjhpk tks ekxZ vFkok ikrGh]
v;uo`k ,fDyhfIVd Hkkleku gksrs] rh vkiY;k
fokqoo`kkP;k ikrGhkha 23AA vakkpk dksu
dj.kkjh vkgs- panzkph Hkze.k ikrGh v;uo`kkkha
lqekjs 5A vakkpk dksu djrs- R;keqGsa vkdkkakr
panzkpsa LFkku fokqoo`kkP;k ikrGhP;k mkjsyk o
nf{k.ksyk 28AA vakki;ZUr iljysY;k ,danj
57AA vak :UnhP;k ikakr dqBsafg vlwa kdrsrsOgak ;ku iksp.kkP;k osGha panz dks.kR;k
v{kakkkoj vlsy R;k csrkus lqjokrhP;k i`Foh
nf{k.ksph ikrGh lk/k.ksa o R;kdjrak bV rso<kk
nf{k.k-mkj fnksar mk.k dj.ksa gsa ;ksXk Bjrsa-

23

R;keqGsa okl lq:a >kY;koj nq:LR;k deh

djkO;k ykxrkr-

mk.kkpk frfFkfup;
mk.kkP;k rkj[kspk] [kjs Eg.kts frFkhP;k
fuoMhlaca/kha FkksMh ekfgrh vkrak letkowu ?ksaviksyks 8 o 10 gha xsY;k fMlscj o es e/;sa
>kysyha mk.ksa kq) f}fr;syk >kyha gksrha gsa
/;kuha ?;kosa- viksyks 11 ps] panzHkwehoj R;{k
ekuo mrj.kkpsa mk.kfg vkkk< kqAA f}fr;sykp
;kstys- ;k fuoMhar dakgha gsrw vok vkgsf}fr;syk gks.kk;k mk.kkuarj oklkps 70 rkl
xsY;kuarj ;ku panzkP;k ifjljakr iksprs- rsOgak
iapeh kBhpk dky vlrks( panz gk 60@65
vak iwosZdMs ljdysyk vlrks] o panzfcackP;k]
vkiY;kyk usgeh fnl.kk;k i`BHkkxkiSdh
panzkP;k iwosZdMhy lqekjs frljk fgLlk lw;Zdkkakr vkysyk vlrks- R;k dkfkr Hkkxkykp
vki.k iapeh kBhph dksj Eg.krks- panzkoj vkraki;ZUr tku vkysY;k fofo/k ;kuakuh
feGfoysY;k-QksVkso:u]iwosZdMhy ;k ,dr`fr;akk

24

Hkkxkojhy panzkP;k fokqoo`kkP;k vkliklP;k

rhu pkj tkxk vorj.kkP;k n`Vhus kkL=Kakuh
fuoMY;k vkgsr- i.k gsa Bjfo.kkdjrak fdaok
R;{k vorj.kkP;kosGha] lw;kZps fdj.k ;k
gsjysY;k nskkoj fdrh vakkpk dksu d:u
iMrkr gs egRokps vkgs- fdj.k 7 rs 20
vakkP;kdksukus iMys Eg.kts rsFkhy VsdMkakP;k
rlsp foojakP;k dMakP;k lkoY;k csrkP;k
yakchP;k iMrkr o panzHkwehpk mapl[kyi.kk
tkLrhr tkLr LiVrsusa rhr gksrks- ;k
vMp.khph rhozrk ok<fo.kkjs vk.k[khfg ,d
dkj.k vkgs] rsa vls- i`FohP;k okrkoj.kakrwu
tkrakuk lw;Zfdj.kakP;k gks.kk;k fofdj.kkeqGsa
R;{k mUgakr ulysY;k oLrwfg dkfkr gksrkr
o vkiY;kyk R;k LiV fnlrkr- i.k panzkoj
gokp ulY;kus rsFksa gk Qk;nk miyC/k ukgh- rsFksa
lkoyh Eg.kts iw.kZ va/kkj o dkk Eg.kts
dkf'kr nskkps p<mrkj osxGs fnlwa u ns.kkjk
vfr>x>xhr dkk vkh ifjfLFkrh vkgs- ;k
foijhr ifjfLFkrharwu tkLrhr tkLr ekxZ fu?krks]
rks vorj.kkdjrak ladfYiysY;k rsFkhy nskkoj
lw;kZps fdj.k Eg.kts panzkP;k iwoZ f{kfrtkoj
lw;Zfcac 7 rs 20 vakkP;k dksuke/;sa vkys

25

vlsy rsOgakp gsa kD; vkgs- vkf.k Eg.kwu

LFkkukph frfFk fuf.kZr gksrs- okVsy R;k frFkhyk
oklkyk fu?kwu dke gks.kkj ukgh-

26

27

28